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发表于 2009-7-16 15:37:10
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这是我的第一篇与高频对应的北美范文阅读笔记 突然发现自己好菜 这么多单词都不知道确切的意思 T.T 囧一把 就当是为初学者做注释吧 !!!!估计以后自己再看到这篇阅读笔记时,一定晕倒!~!~!~!开溜。。。。继续了。。。AW Issue 130"How children are socialized today determines the destiny of society. Unfortunately, we have not yet learned how to raise children who can help bring about a better society."
引入题目,提出反面的观点。
I find the speaker's dual【a.双重的,两重的】
claim to be specious【a.似是而非的,华而不实的】 on both counts. 【两对总数】The claim that society's destiny【n.命运,定数,天命】hinges on 【依…而定,以…为转移】how children are socialized, while appealing【吸引人的】 in some respects, is an over-statement at best.【充其量,之多】 And the claim that we have not yet learned how to raise children who can better society is poorly supported by empirical【a.以经验或观察为依据的】
evidence.
具体的说明【举例】社会化对孩子不利的影响,社会化程度与社会的未来不是成正比的。
Consider first the speaker's assertion【n.断言】 that society's destiny depends on how children are socialized. I concede
【承认,让步,让与】that unless a child is allowed sufficient【足够的,充分的】 opportunities for healthy interaction with peers, that child is likely to grow into an ineffectual
【效果不好的】, perhaps even an anti-social【反社会】, adult. To witness healthy socialization in action, one need look no further than 【不超过】the school playground, where children learn to negotiate【洽谈,协商】, cooperate, and assert【肯定的说,断言,维护,坚持】 themselves in a respectful manner, and where they learn about the harmful results of bullying 【恃强欺弱者,威吓,欺负】and other anti-social behavior. These lessons help children grow up to be good citizens and effective 【有效地,给人印象深刻的】leaders, as well as tolerant and respectful members of society.
从正面说明社会化程度又是影响社会命运的一方面因素。
However, socialization is only one factor influencing the extent【程度,范围,限度,广度,宽度】 to which an individual will ultimately【最后,最终】 contribute to a better society. And in my observation it is not the most important one. Consider certain prominent【突出的,杰出的】 leaders who have contributed profoundly【深深地】 to a better society. Mahatma Gandhi's【圣雄甘地】 contributions sprang primarily from the courage of his inner convictions【确信,坚定地信仰】, in spite of his proper socialization among genteel【上流社会的】 Indian society and, as a law student, among British society. Martin Luther King's contribution was primarily the result of his strong religious upbringing,【抚养】 which had more to do with parental【双亲的】 influence than with socialization. An even more remarkable【引人注目的,异常的,非凡的】 modern example was Theodore Roosevelt【西奥多,罗斯福】, whose social and physical development were both stunted【阻碍发育,做惊人表演】 by life-threatening 【危机生命】physical 【身体的】infirmities 【虚弱】during his childhood. In spite of his isolation【孤立,隔离】, odd【奇特的,临时的,奇数的】
manner and aloofness 【冷漠的】throughout his early life, Roosevelt ascended 【上升,升高,攀登,登上】to a social-activist presidency【总统职位的任期】 by means of【用,依靠】 his will to overcome physical infirmities, his voracious【贪婪的】
appetite for knowledge, and his raw【自然状态的,生的,原始的,未经训练的】 intellect【智力,理解力 ,才智非凡】.
提出找到正确的使得孩子better society的养育方式 【举多国合作地例子】
Consider next the speaker's claim that we have not yet learned how to raise children who can better society. If we define a "better" society as one characterized by greater tolerance of differing viewpoints and people who are different from ourselves, greater respect for individual rights, and greater cooperation across cultural and national boundaries, then the children of the most recent half-century are creating a better society. The most recent quarter-century has seen an increasing sensitivity in our society toward ensuring public health by policing the food and drug industries and by protecting our natural environment. We're becoming more sensitive to, and respectful of, the rights of women, various ethnic【种族的】 and racial groups, homosexuals, and mentally- and physically-challenged individuals. The re-emergence of political third parties with decidedly libertarian ideals【理想的】 demonstrates【论证,说明,示威游行】
an increasing concern for individual freedoms. And there is ample 【足够的,宽敞的,面积大的】evidence of increasing international cooperation. The former Soviet Union and the U.S. have worked collaboratively in space research and exploration since the 1970s; peace-keeping missions【使命,任务】 are now largely multi-national 【多国】efforts; and nations are now tackling【对付交涉】 public health problems collaboratively【合作地】
through joint research programs. In short, the speaker's second claim flies in the face of the empirical evidence, as I see it.
总结全文,重申观点。重申反对意见。
In sum, when it comes to whether a child grows up to contribute to a better society, the key determinant is not socialization but rather some other factor--such as a seminal【有创意的】
childhood event, parental influence, raw intelligence, or personal conviction【确信】. And, while reasonable people with differing political and social viewpoints might disagree about what makes for a "better" society, in my observation our society is steadily evolving into a more civilized, respectful, and tolerant one. In the final analysis, then, I fundamentally 【基础的,根本的】disagree with both aspects of the speaker's dual claim. |
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