Issue40 =August Rush= 第6次作业 by 尾羽

尾羽UID: 2482591

40"Scholars and researchers should not be concerned with whether their work makes a contribution to the larger society. It is more important that they pursue their individual interests, however unusual or idiosyncratic those interests may seem." 40． 对待学者和研究人员的评价不应该取决于他们的工作是否对整个社会有所贡献。而应该是看他们怎样为了自己的兴趣而奋斗，不管他们的兴趣看起来是多么不寻常或者多么特殊

正：学者和科研人员确实应该去追求自己的兴趣
（1）兴趣是前进的动力，有了兴趣才能把研究搞好(比尔盖茨因为兴趣而辍学，才有了微软)
（2）大家根据自己不同的兴趣向不同领域发展，形成多元化的学术体系和社会环境，有利于人类未来的发展
反：但是有兴趣进行研究得出的结果有可能是邪恶的、非正义的。事实证明，由某些兴趣引出的研究实验是不能被当前社会所接受的，甚至有些是对社会有危害的（1）human cloning（2）nuclear weapons
反：因此我们通常是需要根据他们的工作是否对社会有贡献来评价学者和科研人员的。
（1）科学研究的根本目的就是为人类造福
（2）对其进行评价时，不仅要关注当前的贡献，还要关注是否会对未来造成潜在危害
（3）不仅要评价，政府应该出台法案限制或禁止某些研究的进行。以防止灾难的发生。

尾羽UID: 2482591

WORDS：675
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完全没在乎时间问题。。因为刚写过I69~把好几个例子一股脑儿原封不动的搬上去了。。。
所以就写出俺历史上最长篇Issue了。。也不晓得对不对~写的时候，有点跟I69混一块了~

I find dual flaws in the speaker’s claim. Consider the claim that scholars and researchers should be more importantly considered whether their work is following the personal interest than has contributed to the society, I agree insofar as that scholars and researchers should pursue their individual interests, while whether the interest is rational and whether they should be concerned with their contribution to the society is worth considering. I would unravel this debate in following details.

To begin with, admittedly, scholars and researchers should chase their interest and even a dream in childhood to launch their study deeper and deeper. I have to concede that we will learn better when we are interested in. The interest often plays a key role of development and success. For instance, Bill Gates, the most famous American business magnate, philanthropist and chairman of Microsoft, when he was at eighth grade, he took an interesting in programming on General Electric computer and was excused from math classes to pursue his interest. With taking the interest consistently, after he and Paul Allen decided to start up their own computer software company, he never returns back to school while he was an enrolled student of Harvard College. In some degree, the factor leading to the achievement of business is as same as of research, such as effort, talent, and most surely interest. Moreover, thanks to the variety of interesting of people, diversified area of academic science research and society has been raised in the world which would be benefit to human development in the future.

However, interest is not always just and reasonable, so is the study started from the interest. Certain cases informs us that due to they would be unacceptable by people and dangerous to the entire society, certain scientific research projects were restricted and even forbidden by governments in which many scientists are quite interested. For example, a debate has been discussed consistently around the world: to clone or not to clone. Public opinion generally hold that scientific research which may involve in the problems like morals or ethics should be circumscribed or forbidden, so does the human cloning, though some scientists claim that it would be a key to treatment of some deadly diseases. In addition, because of the immense military power they can confer, the political control of nuclear weapons has been a key issue for as long as they have existed: in most countries the use of nuclear force can only be authorized by the head of government or head of statement. And the continuous research of nuclear weapons in South Korea has been strongly denounced by the world opinion during the recent several years. For that matter, we cannot be generalized to agree that all projects scholars or researchers are interested in should be concerned no matter how unusual or idiosyncratic those interests may seem.

Ultimately, according to the circumstance mentioned above, consequently, we have to get a standard to determine what kind of study scholars and researchers are interested in ought to be pursued and what other kind should be limited or prohibited. In my observation, nothing could be more responsible than the contribution to the society, because to improve a better society or life is the basic purpose of most researches. Furthermore, concerning the study of scholars and researchers, should include the present contribution made by them as well as the potential problems that may be resulted in in the future. Particularly being related with environment, ozone hole which absorbs harmful ultraviolet radiation from the sun is caused by the abuse of Freon during a few past decades. Scientists were fascinated by the function of Freon in the last century. Thus, we have to avoid the catastrophe happens again.

In sum, I do not agree with the speaker’s claim both. From my point of view, the scholars and researchers should be concerned by the contribution of their work to the society as well as a standard to determine whether the study which they are interested in is allowed and worth to develop continuously.