Argument35 【0906G 文以载道三月四月小组】第一周第一次作业 by paooozhixia163

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Argument35
The following appeared in the summary of a study on headaches suffered by the residents of Mentia.
"Salicylates（水杨酸脂） are members of the same chemical family as aspirin, a medicine used to treat headaches. Although many foods are naturally rich in salicylates, for the past several decades food-processing companies have also been adding salicylates to foods as preservatives. This rise in the commercial use of salicylates has been found to correlate with a steady decline in the average number of headaches reported by participants in our twenty-year study. Recently, food-processing companies have found that salicylates can also be used as flavor additives（食品香料） for foods. With this new use for salicylates, we can expect a continued steady decline in the number of headaches suffered by the average citizen of Mentia."
中文翻译：
水杨酸酯和用来治疗头痛的药物--阿司匹林是同一类化合物。尽管很多食品天然富含水杨酸酯，过去几十年中食品加工公司仍然在食品中加入它来作为防腐剂。这种水杨酸酯在商业上的使用被发现与我们为期20年研究的参加者所报告的头痛发病的平均数量下降是相关的。最近，食品加工公司发现水杨酸酯也可以被用作食品香料。根据这种水杨酸酯的新用途，我们可以预期Mentia居民患头痛症的数量将会持续稳步下降。
错误链：
A可治头疼，S和A是一类 -> 研究表明S的高含量和头疼的关系 -> 食品加工厂可作香料 -> M市的人头疼比率会下降
论点：
1.       A可治头疼，S和A是一类，那S就可以用来当药治头疼吗？就算可以，药不是应该严格按照医用说明按时间和剂量来服用，但是加在食品中，不是想什么时候吃就什么时候吃、想吃多少就吃多少？显然不是这样。
2.       研究的可靠性(20年？是否健康？年龄和职业？说不定在20年前他们都是上班族工作压力大容易头疼，现在退休休息多了，都好了？)那就算是真的头疼率有下降，那其他得病了吗？
3.       食品加工厂说S可用作香料？并且要再次加进食品里出售，没有专业权威机构提供证实S的无害性，和人能承受的范围？
结论：
这么多关于S的不确定性疑问，涉及到消费者的健康，没解决食品加工厂就贸然的要使用S，食品加工厂这样做不是为了自己的经济利益，那为什么？呼吁有关部门加强食品卫生检测，不要让消费者无辜受害。

The summery claims that Salicylates is a medicine used to treat headaches, appears to be well-presented at the first glance, but not well-reasoned. The author fails to settle some essential cruces that even if the residents of Mentia who suffer from headaches would benefit a lot from S, but we couldn’t conclude that S could be used for medicals.
The information of the study provided, such as the respondents’ situation and their natural heritage, is insufficient to justify the correlation, considering that is a root of the argument. As for the respondents, could they represent the entire group of people? Middle-aged people, with the increased risk of headaches under the working pressure twenty years ago, could possibly decrease the risk now, since they have retired and have leisure time to take exercises, so as to keep headaches from them. Or maybe they are the kind of who are doing brainwork all day, thus they are the group that prone to get headaches. Without any specific situation of the respondents, the argument could not convince us that the study is carried out by the authority of food field; maybe the responders be misled by the study that support the food-processing companies.
As we all know, A is used to a medicine to cure headaches that is accepted by medical authority. However the dose of the medical use should be strictly controlled. Either excessiveness or insufficiency will be harmful to medical-takers. The passage has mentioned that S is member of the same chemical family as A and food-processing companies have also been adding salicylates to foods as preservatives. In the circumstances, we could buy and eat S contained in the food whenever we need and even we could cram it if we wish. Some suffers with unconsciousness may had had food that contains S, although they are health enough and needn’t to take medical. What’s worse more is that they will get ill after they take it. Now the company is continuing to add S as flavor additives to the food, without formal authentication from any specialized institution or organization. Their expectation, a continued steady decline in the number of headaches suffered by the average citizen of Mentia, seems to be unbelievable. In addition, the government should take some investigations in the company in order to make sure that weather there are some economic profits under the company’s aboveboard surface.
In conclusion, some crucial points about the food security that threaten the citizens’ health are remaining undetermined; the government of M should take some measures to protect its citizens’ safety and health. On the other hand, food inspection should enact a law that explicitly provides the food standards.

[ 本帖最后由 paooozhixia163 于 2009-1-11 13:51 编辑 ]

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