[a习作temp] Argument145 麻烦高手指教谢谢 [复制链接]

czzb
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电梯直达

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发表于 2005-7-18 12:11:25 |只看该作者 |倒序浏览

先谢谢了！未限时

145

A new study collected data that shows that people who snore are more likely to gain weight than are people who do not snore. It is well known that many people who       snore also stop breathing frequently during the night for a few seconds, a condition    called sleep apnea. The interruption of breathing wakes the person—often so briefly    that the waking goes unnoticed—and can leave the person too tired during the day to  exercise. Anyone who snores, therefore, should try to eat less than the average person and to exercise more.

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In this argument, the arguer recommands that anyone who snores should try to eat less than average people and practice more. However, the insufficient evidence and the    ill-supported reasoning render the recommendation unconvincing. Consequently, based merely on the argument provided above, people who snore should not accept the       recommendation above without scrutiny.

To begin with, the argument partly relies on a study which indicates the people who    snore are more likely to gain weight than non-snores. However, the arguer provides no evidence that the study is statistically reliable, i.e. subjects involved in this study are       representative of the overall snorers. Moreover, many uncontrollable factors and          unpredictable variables, such as genetic differences and environmental conditions, may contribute equally, if not to a greater part, to the weight of a person. Without ruling    these factors, it is entirely possible that the snorers in the study are generally from       families with a high occurrence of obesity and thereby weigh heavier than the             non-snorers. In such cases, the result of the study will be unpersuasive.

In addition, several flaws lying in the fact cited by the arguer about snorers' sleep apnea further weaken the argument. One problem is that the terminology "many" is too vague to be informative. Does "many" refer to ten, twenty or fifty percentage, or even       higher? If the number of the snores who suffer from sleep apnea is insignificant          compared to the overall snorers, the disease then accounts little for the arguer's          recommendation. Another problem is that the arguer fails to inform us whether sleep    apnea is also common among non-snorers. And the reasoning about the fact itself is    questionable: if the interruption of breathing is so briefly that the waking even goes    unnoticed, it is quite likely that the interruption will not affect people's fitness during    the day. In other words, we may not justifiably attribute the tiredness people feel       during the day to the sleep apnea. As common sense informs us, people often turn to    the excuse "I am too tired" to spare themselves of the pre-scheduled exercise, no matter whether they are snorers.

Finally, the recommendation is too general to be followed. Even if we accept the       assumption that people who snore are more likely to gain weight, and that many snorers feel too tired to exercise due to sleep apnea, whether the recommendation of eating  less and exercising more is applied to anyone who snores is still open to doubt. In fact, snorers with different physical conditions should take different fitting plans. And          presumably some snorers can lose weight to normal level by only exercising more          without constraining their appetite. Therefore, the recommendation is problematic as it  stands.

Snorers who are concerning their weight problems need to investigate the causes for    their overweight and find an appropriate way to lose weight. But before taking any    action, they had better examine the recommendation and the reasoning beneath it.
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[ Last edited by czzb on 2005-7-18 at 14:26 ]