issue43【米国有米】第四次作业

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issue43 [米国有米]第四次作业
[作者]：bluecathy
[题目]："To be an effective leader, a public official must maintain the highest ethical and moral standards."  一个政府官员要想成为一位有成效的领导者，必须有极高的伦理和道德修养。

[提纲]：
1.只有道德标准高的人才能成为有力的领导者，才可能是因为不被诱惑而保证全意为人民的有成效的领导者。
2.只有具备了较高的道德规范才有可能能被人民认同，成为有成效的领导者。
3.作为一个有成效的领导者，同时作为一个无法完美的人，不可要求最高的道德标准，一是很难达到，而是在某种程度上会和成效性相抵触。

[正文]：
Do a public official should maintain the highest ethical and moral standards if he intends to be an effective leader? Yes, I agree with the statement mentioned above with some reservations. The modern society which we live in are full of novelty and temptation, so it is absolutely essential for a public official keep a high ethical and moral standard, but not necessarily the highest.

To begin with, as a effective leader, a public official should keep a higher ethical and moral standard for the internal foundation of his leading. In my observation, the temperament, the ethical and moral standard of a public official may bring some influence on his decision, his career and his group. If the ethical and moral standard of the public official is at a higher level, he may make right decision for the whole group rather than himself when the will of the collectivity conflict with the individual, so he could manage more effectively. But if the standard of a public official is at a lower level, if he could accept the unethical and immoral behavior like dishonesty, cheating, selfishness, greed and lechery, it is fatal for him to be an effective leader, since he may be easily influenced by the allurements as power, money, beauty and so on so forth, which could potentially lead him to neglect the attitudes of his group members and make wrong and unconscionable decision. For instance, as a leader whose personality is selfish, greedy and lascivious, what would he do when one million dollars or an attractive beauty was in front of him without public supervision? Help the company carry out the project with his power or reject the plan harm to the masses as attitude of his group? Because of the human instinct, it may be the latter one with huge possibility. Therefore, hardly we could except that a public official would be a effective leader with lower ethical and moral standard.

Secondly, for the exterior foundation of an effective leader, a public official should also keep a higher ethical and moral standard, which could make him more recognized by the public. And if not, he may lose the public support. As Indian political leader Gandhi said, "Be the change you want to see in the world", which indicates that if a man wants to change the world, he must change himself, shape his own personality firstly. For a public leader, the change could be taken from many respects like personality, conducting ability or ethical and moral standard. Gandhi did so, and he got the support and eternal respect from the Indian people. But leading role in Watergate Case--Nixon did not; his dishonesty, improper operation and concealment to the public make him unreliable and unqualified from the public point of view. Because of their social particularity, as the public people, they are not just the public officials, but may also be the models of the masses which leaded by them, so it is essential for them keep a higher ethical and moral standard.

Moreover, to some extent, it is unrealistic for an effective leader to maintain a highest ethical and moral standard. For one thing, it should be highly acknowledged that every human has weakness in his character more or less, the perfect man only live in the fairy tale. So it seems impossible to reach the highest ethical and moral standard, what we could do is to shape and better constantly. For another thing, it is conflictive between the will of the masses and the highest ethical and moral standard. Environment protection and car driving is a good example here. In terms of some highest ethical and moral standard, it may not right to drive a car for it will give more pollution to our air condition, but an effective official could not bring out a prohibition from driving a car in the world pursuing speed, which is also conflict with the will of the majority.

To sum up, in modern society, for an effective leader, it is important for a public official to keep a high ethical and moral standard always in his mind, thus he could seek the benefits for the people he leads, win their support and respect. However, it is more important for a public official to have excellent leading ability. As unperfect human being, what we should also remember is that the society needs an effective leader rather than a dogmatic moralist, and an effective leader must be the one whose excellent leading ability based on the high ethical and moral standard.

[ 本帖最后由 bluecathy 于 2006-12-9 00:00 编辑 ]

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Do a public official should maintain the highest ethical and moral standards if he intends to be an effective leader? Yes, I agree with the statement mentioned above with some reservations. The modern society which we live in are full of novelty and temptation, so it is absolutely essential for a public official [to?] keep a high ethical and moral standard, but not necessarily the highest.

To begin with, as a [an] effective leader, a public official should keep a higher ethical and moral standard for [as?] the internal foundation of his leading. In my observation, the temperament, the ethical and moral standard of a public official may bring some influence on his decision, his career and his group. If the ethical and moral standard of the public official is at a higher level, he may make right decision for the whole group rather than himself when the will [benefit 好一些吧 will 好象是我们习惯的说法] of the collectivity conflict with [that of] the individual, so he could manage more effectively. But if the standard of a public official is at a lower level, if he could accept the unethical and immoral behavior like dishonesty, cheating, selfishness, greed and lechery, it is fatal for him to be an effective leader, since he may be easily influenced by the allurements as power, money, beauty and so on so forth, which could potentially lead him to neglect the attitudes of his group members and make wrong and unconscionable decision. For instance, as a leader whose personality is selfish, greedy and lascivious, what would he do when one million dollars or an attractive beauty was in front of him without public supervision? Help the company carry out the project with his power or reject the plan harm to the masses [as attitude of his group？]? Because of the human instinct, it may be the latter one with huge possibility. Therefore, hardly we could except that a public official would be a [an] effective leader with lower ethical and moral standard.  [这一段显得有点罗嗦了，三四句其实就是vice versa的关系，可以简洁一些的]

Secondly, for the exterior foundation of an effective leader, a public official should also keep a higher ethical and moral standard, which could make him more recognized by the public. And if not, he may lose the public support. As Indian political leader Gandhi said, "Be the change you want to see in the world", which indicates that if a man wants to change the world, he must change himself, shape his own personality firstly. For a public leader, the change could be taken from many respects like personality, conducting ability or ethical and moral standard. Gandhi did so, and he got the support and eternal respect from the Indian people. But leading role in Watergate Case--Nixon did not; his dishonesty, improper operation and concealment to the public make him unreliable and unqualified from the public point of view. Because of their social particularity, as the public people, they are not just the public officials, but may also be the models of the masses which leaded by them, so it is essential for them keep a higher ethical and moral standard.

Moreover, [这里应该换一个连词，moreover有递进但是没有转折] to some extent, it is unrealistic for an effective leader to maintain a highest ethical and moral standard. For one thing, it should be highly acknowledged that every human [has weakness in his character] [has his own character] more or less, the perfect man [the Perfect] only live in the fairy tale. So it seems impossible to reach the highest ethical and moral standard, what we could do is to shape and [be?] better constantly. For another thing, it is conflictive between the will of the masses and the highest ethical and moral standard. Environment protection and car driving is a good example here. In terms of some highest ethical and moral standard, it may not right to drive a car for it will give more pollution to our air condition, but an effective official could not bring out a prohibition from driving a car in the world pursuing speed, which is also conflict with the will of the majority. [这个论据有点牵强了，有道德的人知道应该保护环境，减少污染，这不代表他觉得整个的开车这件事就不对到要被禁止吧]

To sum up, in modern society, for an effective leader, it is important for a public official to keep a high ethical and moral standard [always没必要]  in his mind, thus he could seek the benefits for the people he leads, win their support and respect. However, it is more important for a public official to have excellent leading ability. As [imperfect] human being, what we should also remember is that the society needs an effective leader rather than a dogmatic moralist, and an effective leader must be the one whose excellent leading ability based on the high ethical and moral standard.

大家都很缺少相关知识，所以例子总是很少。甘地和尼克松是比较实在的例子，挺好的。思路也是很清晰，只是觉得论证的逻辑还是有提升的空间的。 But and 的频率都不低，尤其是but 阿 ，可以多找些别的词来代替啊   显得好一些