issue5 关于education【自由女神作文第六次作业】

monkeydluffyUID: 2277631

issue5 关于education【自由女神作文第六次作业】
5 "A nation should require all its students to study the same national curriculum until they enter college rather than allow schools in different parts of the nation to determine which academic courses to offer."
一个国家应该要求所有的学生在上大学前都学习相同的国内课程，而不是允许不同地区的学校决定自己的教学课程。
提纲:
1、the national curriculum ensure all pupils the entitlement of studying.
2、the national curriculum set a national framework for all students which facilitate transition of pupils between different schools and phases of education and set a solide foudation for the future study.
3、but also we should take into the local curriculum into consideration because the national curriculum emphasize the commonality around the nation but ignore the speciality
4、the local curriculum prompot the fulfilment of education along with the national one

There are two opinions about the structure of curriculum. The first one which is to set a common curriculum in the whole country before students enter the university emphasizes the commonality while the other one which concerns specialty more claims to structure the curriculum according to the local condition. The comparison of these two curriculums has never been stopped just to find out which one is more suitable to the society. But to separate them is an unreasonable idea for they have their respective advantages and instead I prefer to take both of them into consideration.

The national curriculum which is applied around the whole nation is able to ensure all pupils the entitlement of studying. This structure offer all students the opportunity to gain some basic ability such as the ability of reading ,writing, calculating and communicating which is also the foundation for their future development and self-fulfillment. The courses in the national curriculum are always simple and have low-level courses which facilitate those who have difficulties in studying. In many countries, the national curriculum plays a significant role in elementary and secondary education and they are always set out as early as in kindergarten.

In addition, the national curriculum sets a national framework which facilitates transition of pupils between different schools and phases of education. There are many educational communications between different schools such as the share of educational resources and educational evaluation which are on the basis of the same or at least almost the same of the set of curriculum. For the individual student, there may have a transfer to other school or other zone during his educational phase and in this case a common curriculum is necessary for his continuing study which maintains his study consistency. Also it brings benefit for the transition between the different phases of education. When I came to a secondary school, I found myself a large lag of the English ability behind other students because in my elementary school there was no English course. This will never happen if the curriculum structure is common.

But on the other hand, we should also take local curriculum into consideration because it is in accordance with the local conditions. As the national one overlooks the specialty, we can not expect the whole nation has the same courses in all the schools irrespective of the local condition while the local curriculum can off set this disadvantage which will have an positive influence on local place. Some cities in China set out characteristic courses in local schools in order to develop the special capability of their students such as the ability of cooperation and management and these students will make large contribution to their city in return. It is their special education that leads to the fast modernization.

What' more, local curriculum is helpful for the fulfillment of education. While the national one aims for the basic skill and it can hardly satisfy all the students in different schools and zones, the local curriculum which is tightly linked with the local condition will provide more characteristic courses which, along with the national one, fulfils the education.

To sum up, a appropriate curriculum structure should contain both national one and local one and the proportion should be changed according to the different phases of education, which can sufficiently satisfy the need of students for their self-fulfillment.

提纲

214 "Society should identify those children who have special talents and abilities and begin training them at an early age so that they can eventually excel in their areas of ability. Otherwise, these talents are likely to remain undeveloped." [05/17; 06/4]
社会应该找出那些具有特殊天才和能力的孩子，并在小时候就训练他们，这样他们最终能在此领域表现出众，否则这些潜能可能得不到发展。
提纲：
1、孩子从小进行培养，将有助于他们最后的成功。（可以引用歌德的例子）
2、但是却不能保证他们最后的成功，还和其他很多因素有关。
3、此外，先找出有天赋的孩子再去训练是不行的
   A 很难用一个固定的标准来评价谁有天赋
   B 大部分人的智力是差不多的，因此不能搞特殊化，所有的孩子应该一视同仁，这样对孩子对社会都有好处
       1、对孩子，给了他们成长的机会
       2、对社会能造就更多人才。

55 "Competition for high grades seriously limits the quality of learning at all levels of education."
人们为了分数而竞争，严重限制了人们各个阶段的学习质量。
提纲：
1、分数作为检验学生学习效果，督促学生进行学习的手段是可行的。
2、但是我们不能把追求分数作为目的
   A过分追求分数将会扭曲教育的目的，使学生误以为学习只为了分数，因此只要在考试前奋斗。
   B过分追求分数将不利于学生的成长，首先会埋没不少人才，其次只会把学生变成考试机器，忽略其他更重要素质的培养。
   C过分追求分数会带来不少社会问题，比如作弊，为了分数而行贿。

183 "As we acquire more knowledge, things do not become more comprehensible, but more complex and more mysterious." [05/18; 06/2]
随着我们获取的知识越来越多，事情不是变得更好理解，而是变得更复杂更神秘。
提纲：
1、我们对于以前很多不知道的事情现在看上去已经很简单（举例）
2、但是我们的疑难是随着我们的知识增加而增加的，知识越多，在解决的问题的同时就会有新的问题跳出来。（举例）
3、我们不能因为有越来越多的问题出来而停止探索的步伐，相反，我们要相信知识是无穷尽的，我们研究的目的不是去解决所有的问题，而是尽量解决多的问题。

204 "We learn through direct experience; to accept a theory without experiencing it is to learn nothing at all."
我们通过直接经验学习；没有通过实践而接受一个理论是学不到任何东西的。
提纲：
1、间接经验是我们学习的基础，它对我们的学习有指导意义。举例：只有在你看了很多书时，你才会发现你最感兴趣的是什么，然后才会促成你的进一步研究。另外，间接经验也会给我们不少知识，但对这些知识我们往往只是抽象的认识
2、直接经验是我们亲身体验的事情，在脑中会形成具体的认识，因此有助于我们对知识的深层理解和把握。
3、要真正掌握知识，必须把间接经验和直接经验结合起来。没有了直接经验显然不行，但是没有间接经验因为不行。因为知识有很多，我们不可能也没必要只通过亲身体验去获得知识。而没有相关抽象的间接经验作为基础，我们不仅可能迷失方向，而且学不深。举例：直接经验就好像树根，间接经验就好像枝叶。没有树根树当然不成为树，但是只有根而没有相应的枝叶也不可能会有果实。

28 "Students should memorize facts only after they have studied the ideas, trends, and concepts that help explain those facts. Students who have learned only facts have learned very little."
学生们只有在学习了有助于理解事实的思想、趋势和概念后才可能记住这些事实。孤立学习事实是学不到东西的。
提纲：
1、the ideas, trends, and concepts 能帮助我们理解事实，理解有助于记忆。因此在这之后记忆事实有助于记忆的长久。
2、但是并不是只有先知道idea再去知道facts，经常我们是对一件事情有了足够的认识才能归纳出它的概念，趋势等。
3、我们只有通过概念-事实-概念的过程不断去完善一个事实的概念（举例）。



[ 本帖最后由 monkeydluffy 于 2007-1-23 14:07 编辑 ]

huzhUID: 2268429

There are two opinions about the structure of curriculum.一上来就这么说有点太突兀了吧！ The first one which is to set a common curriculum in the whole country before students enter the university emphasizes the commonality while the other one which concerns specialty more claims to structure the curriculum according to the local condition. The comparison of these two curriculums has never been stopped just to find out which one is more suitable to the society. But to separate them is an unreasonable idea for they have their respective advantages and instead I prefer to take both of them into consideration.总觉得最后一句有点问题，看看题目说的是应该要求，而不是允许

The national curriculum which is applied around the whole nation is able to ensure all pupils the entitlement of studying. This structure offer all students the opportunity to gain some basic ability such as the ability of reading ,writing, calculating and communicating which is also the foundation for their future development and self-fulfillment. The courses in the national curriculum are always simple and have low-level courses which facilitate those who have difficulties in studying. In many countries, the national curriculum plays a significant role in elementary and secondary education and they are always set out as early as in kindergarten. 写得不错，论证也很清楚！

In addition, the national curriculum sets a national framework which facilitates transition of pupils between different schools and phases of education. There are many educational communications between different schools such as the share of educational resources and educational evaluation which are on the basis of the same or at least almost the same of the set of curriculum. For the individual student, there may have a transfer to other school or other zone during his educational phase and in this case a common curriculum is necessary for his continuing study which maintains his study consistency. Also it brings benefit for the transition between the different phases of education. When I came to a secondary school, I found myself a large lag of the English ability behind other students because in my elementary school there was no English course. This will never happen if the curriculum structure is common.觉得national curriculum和 different schools没这样的关系吧，基础课程就为了使学生在不同的学校交流方便吗，觉得这有点问题

But on the other hand, we should also take local curriculum into consideration because it is in accordance with the local conditions. As the national one overlooks the specialty, we can not expect the whole nation has the same courses in all the schools irrespective of the local condition while the local curriculum can off set this disadvantage which will have ana positive influence on local place. Some cities in China set out characteristic courses in local schools in order to develop the special capability of their students such as the ability of cooperation and management and these students will make large contribution to their city in return. It is their special education that leads to the fast modernization.

What' more, local curriculum is helpful for the fulfillment of education. While the national one aims for the basic skill and it can hardly satisfy all the students in different schools and zones, the local curriculum which is tightly linked with the local condition will provide more characteristic courses which, along with the national one, fulfils the education. 当地开设的课程就是为了帮助觉得完成学业么，这段放这多余了吧

To sum up, a appropriate curriculum structure should contain both national one and local one and the proportion should be changed according to the different phases of education, which can sufficiently satisfy the need of students for their self-fulfillment.总结得不错

全文思路清楚，行文流畅，例子用得恰当，感觉是一篇不错的文章