ARGUMENT50 [Victors小组]第七次作业 by jennetrj

jennetrjUID: 2275453

50.From a draft textbook manuscript submitted to a publisher.

"As Earth was being formed out of the collision of space rocks, the heat from those collisions and from the increasing gravitational energy of the planet made the entire planet molten, even the surface. Any water present would have evaporated and gone off into space. As the planet approached its current size, however, its gravitation became strong enough to hold gases and water vapor around it as an atmosphere. Because comets are largely ice made up of frozen water and gases, a comet striking Earth then would have vaporized. The resulting water vapor would have been retained in the atmosphere, eventually falling as rain on the cooled and solidified surface of Earth. Therefore, the water in Earth's oceans must have originated from comets."

  495 words

In this argument, the author concludes that ocean water on Earth originated from collided comets which are made up of frozen water and gases. To justify this conclusion, the author points out that water presented on Earth would have evaporated and gone into space while it was formed out from collision of space rocks in a molten status. Moreover, the author claims that striking comets would change into vapors which ultimately changed into precipitation when the Earth reached current size and was able to hold gases and water vapor in its atmosphere. At first glance, the argument seems to be somehow plausible, but close scrutiny reveals several flaws in it.

To begin with, the author unfairly assumes that all water went out when Earth is formed. No evidence provided in the passage to support it. It is totally possible that some water vaporized and went out of the planet, but some of them were transformed into other substances that might be remained on melting Earth, and as the planet cooled down, those molecules succeeded to reform the water which probably could be the primitive form of Earth's ocean. Without eliminating or even considering such possibility, the author could not convince me to accept the assumption that any water on Earth went into space while it was formed out of the space rocks collision.

Even there was no water left while Earth at that time, it doesn't necessarily mean that the same thing would happen when Earth was cooling down and reached current size. Maybe among numerous changes happened then some water were created as one of the byproducts, or the hydrogen and oxygen produced at that time were catalyzed to form water by accident. Either scenario, if true, would probably serve to undermine author's assumption that there was no internal origin of the water on Earth.

Finally, if it is true that water on Earth originated from outer space, no promise could be made that comets made up of frozen water and gases is the only source. Perhaps other form of celestial objects, for instant, some asteroids containing hydrogen and oxygen molecules might introduce water formation as it collided with Earth. Or maybe the collision process might trigger some unknown cascade effects, which ultimately produced water. Until the author completes the analysis, the conclusion that water in Earth's oceans must have originated from comets could not be taken seriously.

In sum, the argument is groundless as it stands. To consolidate it, the author should provide more evidence to show that all water existed on melted Earth had been vaporized into space. In addition, the author should ensure us that no other form of celestial which contained water bought water to Earth and no internal changes in Earth could probably formed water on the planet. To better assess the argument, we need to know whether it is possible to produce water during the cooling process of Earth or other meteorological phenomena might generate water on Earth.

乳虎UID: 2251211

50.From a draft textbook manuscript submitted to a publisher. In this argument, the author concludes that ocean water on Earth originated from collided comets which are made up of frozen water and gases. To justify this conclusion, the author points out that water presented on Earth would have evaporated and gone into space while it was formed out from collision of space rocks in a molten status. Moreover, the author claims that striking comets would change into vapors which ultimately changed into precipitation when the Earth reached current size and was able to hold gases and water vapor in[as]  its atmosphere. At first glance, the argument seems to be somehow plausible, but close scrutiny reveals several flaws in it.
To begin with, the author unfairly assumes that all water went out when Earth is formed. No evidence provided in the passage to support it. It is totally possible that some water vaporized and went out of the planet, but some of them were transformed into other substances that might be remained on melting Earth, and as the planet cooled down, those molecules succeeded to reform[composing]  the water which probably could be the primitive form of Earth's ocean. Without eliminating or even considering such possibility, the author could not convince me to accept the assumption that any water on Earth went into space while it was formed out of the space rocks collision.
Even there was no water left while Earth at that time, it doesn't necessarily mean that the same thing would happen when Earth was cooling down and reached current size. Maybe among numerous changes happened then some water were created as one of the byproducts, or the hydrogen and oxygen produced at that time were catalyzed to form water by accident. Either scenario, if true, would probably serve to undermine author's assumption that there was no internal origin of the water on Earth.
Finally, if it is true that water on Earth originated from outer space, no promise could be made that comets made up of frozen water and gases is the only source. Perhaps other form of celestial objects, for instant, some asteroids containing hydrogen and oxygen molecules might introduce water formation as it collided with Earth. Or maybe the collision process might trigger some unknown cascade effects, which ultimately produced water. Until the author completes the analysis, the conclusion that water in Earth's oceans must have originated from comets could not be taken seriously.
In sum, the argument is groundless as it stands. To consolidate it, the author should provide more evidence to show that all water existed on melted Earth had been vaporized into space. In addition, the author should ensure us that no other form of celestial which contained water bought[brought]  water to Earth and no internal changes in Earth could probably formed water on the planet. To better assess the argument, we need to know whether it is possible to produce water during the cooling process of Earth or other meteorological phenomena might generate water on Earth
[逻辑和结构上没有什么问题，语言不像Issue那么漂亮，大概是因为Argument这种文体本身比较呆板吧。]