argument50 [0710G突击先锋]

xmubitUID: 2362643

ARGUMENT50 - From a draft textbook manuscript submitted to a publisher.

"As Earth was being formed out of the collision of space rocks, the heat from those collisions and from the increasing gravitational energy of the planet made the entire planet molten, even the surface. Any water present would have evaporated and gone off into space. As the planet approached its current size, however, its gravitation became strong enough to hold gases and water vapor around it as an atmosphere. Because comets are largely ice made up of frozen water and gases, a comet striking Earth then would have vaporized. The resulting water vapor would have been retained in the atmosphere, eventually falling as rain on the cooled and solidified surface of Earth. Therefore, the water in Earth's oceans must have originated from comets."
Syllabus:
reliability of the correlation between the formation of occean and the comets is open to doubt
even if we concede the reliability mentioned above, whether the comets can form the water of the oceans is still unwarranted
there might be other possible resources of the original oceans' water


Giving some facts and assumes, the author draws a conclusion that the water in Earth's oceans is come from comets. Although the conclusion seems somewhat convincing at first glance, further scrutiny reveals that the statement suffers from several flaws.

To begin with, the conclusion is based on a suspicious assumption that the oceans' water has a correlation with the comets strike on Earth. However, the author fails to provide sufficient evidence to prove it. No evidence indicates that there used to be enough comets which stroke Earth to form the oceans' water let alone originating the water primarily at the early time. The author cannot deny the possibility that the frozen water in the comets had already evaporated while the comets were still traveling in the space as well as that the water contained was forced to permeate the inner space of Earth but not to be evaporated to form the original atmosphere while when the strikes happened.

Even if we concede the foregoing assumption, whether the comets really took part in the process of forming the water of oceans at the early age of Earth is still open to doubt. Common sense tells us that, falling of the rain needs not only the necessary intensity of water vapor but also the sufficient floater flowing among it while the argument lacks solid evidence to draw the correlation between comets and raining in the early Earth. We cannot deny the probability that it was some other large rocks which brought great amounts of dust to facilitate the raining; meanwhile the potential water remained in the rocks also contributed to the formation of original oceans on Earth.

Finally, even if the author can substantiate that comets are indeed have some relationships with the oceans' water, we cannot be convinced that the original oceans are formed only with the help of them. It may be the case that when Earth had approached the enough size to hold the water vapor and gases to form the atmosphere, we have no idea whether other substances such as the water vapor flowing in the space and some other planets with water in them had take part in the formation of the water in the oceans as no evidence shows that the frequency of strikes brought by comets was sufficient to form the original oceans. An alternative explanation of the formation of oceans' water is that the substances exited in Earth may be capable to be turned to water, such as the hydrogen and oxygen, which may produce the water if they are ignited together.

To sum up, before asserting that comets originated the water in Earth's oceans, the evidence in the argument should be examined from other angles. To better bolster it, we should be provided with more detailed information about the circumstance either on Earth or in the outer space around Earth. However, the author fails to do it.

banyanwengUID: 2360770

Giving some facts and assumes, the author draws a conclusion that the water in Earth's oceans is come from comets. Although the conclusion seems somewhat convincing at first glance, further scrutiny reveals that the statement suffers from several flaws. [最好在开头表明自己的观点]

To begin with, the conclusion is based on a suspicious assumption that the oceans' water has a correlation with the comets strike on Earth. However, the author fails to provide sufficient evidence to prove it. No evidence indicates that there used to be enough comets which stroke Earth to form the oceans' water let alone originating the water primarily at the early time. The author cannot deny the possibility that the frozen water in the comets had already evaporated while the comets were still traveling in the space [这个理由很好，不过彗星基本上都是由冰雪组成的，彗核也是。下面是一个常识：彗星是比较细小的星体，由冰块、尘埃及气体所组成。彗核又称为「秽雪球」，因为它主要是由冰块所组成，并且夹杂了少许尘埃。当彗星接近太阳时，太阳的热力会蒸发彗核内的冰块，形成烟雾状的气体包围着彗核而形成彗发。彗尾通常包括直长的「气体彗尾」和弯曲的「尘埃彗尾」。 我想问一下，如果连彗核都没了，还有什么彗星吗？而且，为什么会在太空被蒸发呢？没有可信的理由] as well as that the water contained was forced to permeate the inner space of Earth but not to be evaporated to form the original atmosphere while when the strikes happened. [蒸发后形成原始大气？？不明白你这句话。]

Even if we concede the foregoing assumption, whether the comets really took part in the process of forming the water of oceans at the early age of Earth is still open to doubt. Common sense tells us that, falling of the rain needs not only the necessary intensity of water vapor but also the sufficient floater flowing among it while the argument lacks solid evidence to draw the correlation between comets and raining in the early Earth. [成云致雨的条件，这一点可以。] We cannot deny the probability that it was some other large rocks which brought great amounts of dust to facilitate the raining; meanwhile the potential water remained in the rocks also contributed to the formation of original oceans on Earth. [这里说得不够充分。再说清楚些]

Finally, even if the author can substantiate that comets are indeed have some relationships with the oceans' water, we cannot be convinced that the original oceans are formed only with the help of them. It may be the case that when Earth had approached the enough size to hold the water vapor and gases to form the atmosphere, we have no idea whether other substances such as the water vapor flowing in the space and some other planets with water in them had take part in the formation of the water in the oceans as no evidence shows that the frequency of strikes brought by comets was sufficient to form the original oceans. [这一句过长了，看不清意思] An alternative explanation of the formation of oceans' water is that the substances exited in Earth may be capable to be turned to water, such as the hydrogen and oxygen, which may produce the water if they are ignited together. [这一点有没有科学根据？]

To sum up, before asserting that comets originated the water in Earth's oceans, the evidence in the argument should be examined from other angles. To better bolster it, we should be provided with more detailed information about the circumstance either on Earth or in the outer space around Earth. However, the author fails to do it.