Appril小组ISSUE221

deerprinceUID: 2394244

ISSUE221 "The chief benefit of history is to break down the illusion that people in one period of time are significantly different from people who lived at any other time in history."

TS:历史研究能够消除不同时代人差别感，这个论断本身就是富有争议的，在某种程度上确实起到了这样的作用，但在大多数情况下，作者高估了历史研究的作用。
    1)历史研究消除了我们对于古代人认识障碍。
         我们对于历史上重要人物和人物在特定历史时期的思想和行动的认识主要来源于历史学家的研究。举例来说：我们没有办法从人类学家或者考古学家获得完整的特洛伊战争的盛况以及当时人物的特性，但是荷马史诗能够为我们呈现这一切，虽然有很多来源于神化和口头传说，但是没有他的整理和加工，没有办法把零碎地事务整理成为如此活灵活现的场景。甚至当今的历史学家和考古学家也能从中获得很多考古证据。
    2)但是由于历史学家本身是带有偏见或者被政治驱使的，他们的研究结果不能客观反映现实状况。在过去，每个时期的历史学家也担负着为政治集团服务的作用，很多结论都是经过加工和改动的，所以我们没有办法从中得到真相。举例来说，臭名昭著的纳粹头子希特勒就利用历史学家编造雅丽安人的优越血统和贬低犹太人为劣等民族，蛊惑德国民众，并以此依据发动了战争。
    3)不同历史时期的环境有很大不同，我们无法真正了解当时人物的思想。
     不同历史时期，由于政治经济文化技术等都不同，历史学家在推断和揭示历史人物思想过程中会有很大挑战，我们无法用现代人的思想来推断当时人的思想。因此今天仍旧有大量的历史谜团无法解开，对于许多历史现象存有争议。
CS:历史学家确实能够帮助人们了解历史人物，但是由于偏见或者利益驱使，抑或是历史想象无法用现代思想去解释，人就有许多历史现象值得怀疑。

Can history study eliminate the sense of differences among people in different periods of time? To some extent the historians' works take the efforts for this case. But at the most time, the speaker overrates the efforts of history study.

I agree with the statement that history study help modern people to break down the barrier of understanding the ancient people. The most efficient way to learn about the important ancient people and the things they did and thinking they thought is by the study of the historians. Let us take a look at a specific example about the Trojan War. We could not know more about the whole scene of the war from the anthropologists and archaeologists than from the Homer's Iliad and Odyssey. It is true that some are derived from the myth and the legend, and if no Homer’s works we could know little about the whole war. Even now many discoveries about the Trojan War have been veiled under the help of the Homer's enduring poet.

However, as many of the ancient historians are biased and working for particular political group, their study of history is not objective and unbelievable. Every period of time and every dynasty, the lord would like historians to write down the greatness of the new empire and shadow of the old empire. From those studies we could not know the truth. For instance, at the period of WWII, Hitler who is the header of the NAZI Germany ordered his historians to show the superiorities of the Aryan bloodline and the inferior qualities of other races especially the Jew, and then he persuaded the German people participating into the war.

Furthermore, one cannot assume the similarities of the environment of people living in different epochs. Historian faced many challenges in the processing of pursuing the truth about the real thoughts and the behaviors of the ancient people for the reasons that they must take economical, technological and social differences into consideration. As the result that there are plenty of unsolved history mysteries and different views about the particular history affairs.

In sum, historians contribute to the developments of human society, but at the particular period they could not objectively describe the history characters or they could not precisely explain the truth by the modern thoughts. So we still have many bewilderments about the true history and the people in the history.

九微火UID: 2343684

按楼主说的，主要改了下语言，由于我本人语言非常弱，很多问题搞不清楚，说是修改，其实是向楼主请教。因此自己不确定的地方都写下来了。肯定谬误多多，不要见笑。
我用WORD 的修订改的，改之后颜色变为黑色的了，看起来不醒目，也只好这样了。红色的是我自己容易拼写错的词汇，我也标出来了，好像颜色也变回黑色了。。。
楼主指教。(*^__^*) ~~~
Appril小组ISSUE221（这篇文章自己觉得跑题，请只检查语言方面的错误，谢谢）
ISSUE221 "The chief benefit of history is to break down the illusion that people in one period of time are significantly different from people who lived at any other time in history."

TS:历史研究能够消除不同时代人差别感，这个论断本身就是富有争议的，在某种程度上确实起到了这样的作用，但在大多数情况下，作者高估了历史研究的作用。
    1)历史研究消除了我们对于古代人认识障碍。
         我们对于历史上重要人物和人物在特定历史时期的思想和行动的认识主要来源于历史学家的研究。举例来说：我们没有办法从人类学家或者考古学家获得完整的特洛伊战争的盛况以及当时人物的特性，但是荷马史诗能够为我们呈现这一切，虽然有很多来源于神化和口头传说，但是没有他的整理和加工，没有办法把零碎地事务整理成为如此活灵活现的场景。甚至当今的历史学家和考古学家也能从中获得很多考古证据。
    2)但是由于历史学家本身是带有偏见或者被政治驱使的，他们的研究结果不能客观反映现实状况。在过去，每个时期的历史学家也担负着为政治集团服务的作用，很多结论都是经过加工和改动的，所以我们没有办法从中得到真相。举例来说，臭名昭著的纳粹头子希特勒就利用历史学家编造雅丽安人的优越血统和贬低犹太人为劣等民族，蛊惑德国民众，并以此依据发动了战争。
    3)不同历史时期的环境有很大不同，我们无法真正了解当时人物的思想。
     不同历史时期，由于政治经济文化技术等都不同，历史学家在推断和揭示历史人物思想过程中会有很大挑战，我们无法用现代人的思想来推断当时人的思想。因此今天仍旧有大量的历史谜团无法解开，对于许多历史现象存有争议。
CS:历史学家确实能够帮助人们了解历史人物，但是由于偏见或者利益驱使，抑或是历史想象无法用现代思想去解释，人就有许多历史现象值得怀疑。

Can history study eliminate the sense of differences among people in different periods（periods用复数还有周期的意思） of time? To some extent the historians' works take the efforts for this case. But at the most time,（似乎应作times, 参见http://love.iciba.com/?module=reply&do=lists&id=2196137） the speaker overrates the efforts of history study.

I agree with the statement that history study help modern people to break down the barrier of understanding the ancient people. The most efficient way to learn about the （important ancient people/ 若我则用 history figures） and （the things they did and thinking they thought/冗余，若我用their behaviors and thoughts） is by the study(建议用researches) of the historians. Let us take a look at a specific example about the Trojan War. We could not know more about the whole scene of the war from the anthropologists and archaeologists than from the Homer's Iliad and Odyssey. （例子鲜明）It is true that some are derived from the myth and the legend,（不知道用单数好还是复数好，这个问题我搞不清楚，向楼主请教，呵呵） and if no Homer’s works we could know little about the whole war. Even now many discoveries about the Trojan War have been veiled under the help of the Homer's enduring（不朽的，感觉这个词用得好！） poet（建议用epic，好像还有一个词意思是“壮丽的诗篇，诗章”，查了一下没查到……）.

However, as many of the ancient historians are biased and working for particular political group, their study of history is not objective and unbelievable. Every period of time and every dynasty, the lord would like historians to write down the greatness of the new empire and shadow（近blemishes，同样，单复数用哪个好的问题不清楚） of the old empire（近regime政权）. From those studies we could not know the truth. （感觉这句有些含糊，无力。不如说：这些歪曲了历史事实，用个 distort 之类，云云）For instance, at the period of WWII, Hitler who is the header of the NAZI Germany ordered his historians to show the superiorities of the Aryan bloodline and the inferior qualities of other races especially the Jew, and then he persuaded the German people participating into the war.

Furthermore, one cannot assume the similarities of the environment of people living in different epochs（感觉这个词不够精确，有点大而无当）. Historian faced many challenges in the processing（process是过程，-ing是处理） of pursuing the truth about the real thoughts and the behaviors of the ancient people for the reasons that they must take economical, technological and social differences into consideration. As the result that there are plenty of unsolved history mysteries and different views about the particular history affairs（近incidents）.

In sum, historians contribute to the developments of human society, but at the particular （楼主很喜欢用Particular这个词o(∩_∩)o…）period they could not objectively（不知道这个副词是否放宾语后面比较好？） describe the history characters or they could not precisely （副词同上，这个问题我搞不清楚，很基本的问题，汗……参见http://hi.baidu.com/356074510/bl ... 41b6178a82a1b7.html
首行：“副词通常位于被修饰的动词后面;修饰及物动词时,一般放在受词的后面。”）explain the truth by the modern thoughts. So we still have many bewilderments（近enigmas） about the true (近real：参见http://zhidao.baidu.com/question/28484269.html?si=1
Real 真实的，true 正确的) history and the people in the history.

[ 本帖最后由 九微火 于 2008-3-29 01:06 编辑 ]