Issue87 beginner和expert

PsychocandyUID: 171159

87 "In any field of inquiry, the beginner is more likely than the expert to make important discoveries."

提纲:
①新手的优势是不受规则的限制，更不容易被限制想象力和创造力。Einstein相对论的时候是个公务员，Amateur。
②专家的优势是熟练和经验。专家有准备。机遇偏向有准备的头脑。Chadwick发现中子。

It is really hard to say which group of researchers, beginners or experts are more likely to make important discoveries, because both of them have made many important discoveries. Beginners and experts have different strengths.

Beginners have certain advantages over experts because a beginner’s imagination and creativity are less likely to be limited. To approach a subject in a field of inquiry, experts tend to use the mindset which they have formed and used for a long time and have become a common practice in their research. By using the mindset, they can make their research easier but meanwhile they may lose sight of the new seemingly unimaginable possibilities. On the contrary, beginners are less likely to be affected by an old mindset. They seldom fail to consider the possibilities, and so their imagination and creativity can hardly be restricted. Albert Einstein said imagination is more important that knowledge. What he really meant was not that knowledge is not important; it was that one should not be restricted to the mindset and should not fail to imagine what seems unimaginable. When Albert Einstein discovered and formulated the theory of relativity, he was a government officer. At that time he was a beginner at theoretical physics and an amateur, not even a professional. In a word, beginners are more likely to have greater imagination and creativity because they are less likely to be restricted by the old mindset.

On the other hand, experts have their strengths too. Their strengths are proficiency and experience. Experts have accumulated more knowledge and experience than beginners do. They can anticipate the new phenomena and development in the inquiry. So in this sense, experts are more prepared for discoveries. Chadwick’s discovery of neutron serves as a good example. In 1930, physicist Bothe detected a penetrative ray in his experiment, and Mr. and Mrs. Curie detected a similar phenomenon. These scientists all attributed this phenomenon to photon. However, Chadwick realized that this could probably be the neutral particle that he had been trying to find. So he carried out a series of experiments which substantiated his hypothesis that there is the existence of neutrons. In this case, the other scientists all fail to realize a new possibility, which Chadwick had been doing a lot research on and had somewhat anticipated. Chadwick was more of an expert in his research area than the other scientists; he had more experience and knowledge which eventually helped him to make this important scientific breakthrough.

Beginners and experts have different strengths and it is hard to say which qualities are better for doing inquiry, because all these qualities are important and can be very helpful. To conclude, the best way to do inquiry is to combine both the knowledge and experience of the experts and the imagination and creativity of the beginners.

leonnieUID: 2216142

Issue87 beginner和expert

87 "In any field of inquiry, the beginner is more likely than the expert to make important discoveries."

提纲:
①新手的优势是不受规则的限制，更不容易被限制想象力和创造力。Einstein相对论的时候是个公务员，Amateur。
②专家的优势是熟练和经验。专家有准备。机遇偏向有准备的头脑。Chadwick发现中子。

It is really hard to say which group of researchers, beginners or experts are more likely to make important discoveries, because both of them have made many important discoveries. [Beginners and experts have different strengths].[Each of them has advantages irrespectively.]

Beginners have certain advantages over experts because a beginner’s imagination and creativity are less likely to be limited. To approach a subject in a field of inquiry, experts tend to use the [mindset][没有查到] which [they have formed][是指什么formed？] and used for a long time and have become a common practice in their research. By using the mindset, they can make their research easier but meanwhile they may lose sight of the new seemingly unimaginable possibilities. On the contrary, beginners are less likely to be affected by an old mindset. They seldom fail to consider the possibilities, and so their imagination and creativity can hardly be restricted. [Albert Einstein said imagination is more important that knowledge. What he really meant was not that knowledge is not important; [it was ][but]that one should not be restricted to the mindset and should not fail to imagine what seems unimaginable.][good!] When Albert Einstein discovered and formulated the theory of relativity, he was a government officer. At that time he was a beginner at theoretical physics and an amateur, not even a professional.[可以再找点话说，比如：相对论就是这么一个业余的发现的而那些专家确没有] In a word, beginners are more likely to have greater imagination and creativity because they are less likely to be restricted by the old mindset.

On the other hand, experts have their strengths too. Their strengths are proficiency and experience. Experts have accumulated more knowledge and experience than beginners [do][have]. They can anticipate the new phenomena and development in the inquiry. So in this sense, experts are more prepared for discoveries. Chadwick’s discovery of neutron serves as a good example. In 1930, physicist Bothe detected a penetrative ray in his experiment, and Mr. and Mrs. Curie detected a similar phenomenon. These scientists all attributed this phenomenon to photon. However, Chadwick realized that this could probably be the neutral particle that he had been trying to find. So he carried out a series of experiments which substantiated his hypothesis that there is the existence of neutrons. In this case, the other scientists all fail to realize a new possibility, which Chadwick had been doing a lot research on and had somewhat anticipated. Chadwick was more of an expert in his research area than the other scientists; he had more experience and knowledge which eventually helped him to make this important scientific breakthrough.

Beginners and experts have different strengths and it is hard to say which qualities are better for doing inquiry, because all these qualities are important and can be very helpful. [To conclude, the best way to do inquiry is to combine both the knowledge and experience of the experts and the imagination and creativity of the beginners.][结论改一改：可以说在研究领域新手和专家都应改发挥自己的长处，他们都有可能取得研究突破。]

感觉你的文章进步很大，读起来比较顺畅了^_^

pewcg8UID: 2143213

占.

pewcg8UID: 2143213

不好意思,久等了,晚上估计改不完了,最晚明天上午.

pewcg8UID: 2143213

机遇偏向有准备的头脑这个想法很好了.
我现在眼都花了,所以明天再给楼主好好改.

pewcg8UID: 2143213

87 "In any field of inquiry, the beginner is more likely than the expert to make important discoveries."

提纲:
①新手的优势是不受规则的限制，更不容易被限制想象力和创造力。Einstein相对论的时候是个公务员，Amateur。
②专家的优势是熟练和经验。专家有准备。机遇偏向有准备的头脑。Chadwick发现中子。

It is really hard to say （觉得有点口语化）which group of researchers, beginners or experts are more likely to make important discoveries, because both of them have made many important discoveries. Beginners and experts have different strengths. （这个开头简练，直入正题，就是注意我给你红色标出来的部分，试着避免重复比较好，其实仔细一想，替换的说法就出来了．．．．．．）

Beginners have certain advantages over experts because （我觉得直接用in that比较好，可以和你前面的advantages结合起来，用because显得这里有断开的感觉）a beginner’s imagination and creativity are less likely to be limited.（是否用一个更精彩点的表达比较好．想象力无边．．．．．．我暂时也想不起来什么好的，但是觉得还可以找个更好的说．用个boundless是不是好点？？－个人的意见） To approach （好词！）a subject in a field of inquiry, experts tend to use the mindset which they have formed and used for a long time and have become a common practice in their research. （习惯对experts造成潜移默化的影响，这点说的好！）By using the mindset, they can make their research easier but meanwhile they may lose sight of the new seemingly unimaginable possibilities. On the contrary, beginners are less likely to be affected by an old mindset. They seldom fail to consider the possibilities, and （可删去此词）so their imagination and creativity can hardly be restricted. Albert Einstein said imagination is more important that knowledge. （这个最好不要用said换个＂认为＂＂重视＂比较好）What he really meant was not that knowledge is not important; it was that one should not be restricted to the mindset and should not fail to imagine what seems unimaginable. When Albert Einstein discovered and formulated the theory of relativity, he was a government officer. At that time he was a beginner at theoretical physics and an amateur, not even a professional. In a word, beginners are more likely to have greater imagination and creativity because they are less likely to be restricted by the old mindset. （这个才叫好的举例，希望新手好好看看，不要举例一堆，然后和主题没任何联系！）

On the other hand, （没找见你的on one hand啊？）experts have their strengths too. Their strengths are proficiency and experience. Experts have accumulated more knowledge and experience than beginners do. They can anticipate （建议改成预测，预见比较好）the new phenomena and development in the inquiry. So in this sense,（这个地方换个Therefore或者Consepuently比较舒服的说） experts are more prepared for discoveries. Chadwick’s discovery of neutron serves as a good example. In 1930, physicist Bothe detected a penetrative ray in his experiment, and Mr. and Mrs. Curie detected a similar phenomenon. These scientists all attributed this phenomenon to photon. However, Chadwick realized that this could probably be the neutral particle that he had been trying to find. So he carried out a series of experiments which substantiated his hypothesis that there is the existence of neutrons. In this case, the other scientists all fail to realize a new possibility, which Chadwick had been doing a lot research on and had somewhat anticipated. Chadwick was more of an expert in his research area than the other scientists; he had more experience and knowledge which eventually helped him to make this important scientific breakthrough.（对Chadwick是expert这点证据不够有力！）

Beginners and experts have different strengths and it is hard to say which qualities are better for doing inquiry, because all these qualities are important and can be very helpful. To conclude, the best way to do inquiry is to combine both the knowledge and experience of the experts and the imagination and creativity of the beginners. （结尾段前面过度一下吧）

总结：
１．流畅，没有过多语言上的矫柔造作，简练不失精辟！
２．语法错误少于三个，很好，这是５分作文的基本，一篇文章错上十几个语法错误是不可能上４分的！
３．语言的重复有点，要注意替换．
４．觉得两点论述是否可以再加一点？那就更好了！

PsychocandyUID: 171159

谢谢你建议和修改.

我用词的重复很多人都指出过了.
我再练习练习.这点挺麻烦.
我想到考试时能什么样就什么样吧,不是一两天能练出来的.
而且刻意而明显的替换词感觉也太不好.