Issue4 Ares第二次作业

gamblerboUID: 2212217

4 "No field of study can advance significantly unless outsiders bring their knowledge and experience to that field of study." [05/35; 06/6]

“全面反对型”
一，        全面回应：任何领域要取得重大进展，主要是依靠领域自身的不断完善，不一定需要外领域者的知识和经验。
二，        正面论证（原因1）：只有领域内部本身才了解自身的缺陷、发展方向，也才能取得重大的进展。（理论论证）了解自身的不足，同时坚持不懈的向一个正确的方法发展，才有可能取得重大的进展。－>（实例论证＋排比）瓦特＋蒸汽机的改良
三，        正面论证（原因2）：科学是日积月累的事情。只有一直身在领域内部的人才拥有坚实的基础，才有可能取得重大的进展。（理论论证＋反证）没有坚实的基础，不可能在任何领域取得进展。（实例论证＋叙述）自身学习:高中大学硕士博士。
四，        反面论证（辩证）： 诚然，任何领域要取得重大进展，主要是依靠领域自身的不断完善；但是，外领域者的知识和经验对本领域的发展有帮助。
五，        呼应总结：

(578字)
When it comes to the advancement in a field of study, different people would have different ideas on base of their various positions, interests and knowledge. Some people maintain that the knowledge inside a field mainly lead to the important advancement of itself while others argue that the no field of study can advance significantly without the knowledge and experience from other fields. In my opinion, I strongly support the former because of several reasons which will be beneath addressed.

Only the researchers who are knowledgeable in their field master the most important information to advance a field, such as the defect of the systematized knowledge and the direction to develop the field. To begin with, to advance a field significantly must find and correct the defect in the field. While the outsiders have not a base understanding of the attribute and characteristic of these defects, not to speak of solving them, the specialists who spent most of their lives in their defect are most likely to patch the bug and make a significant contribution to the development of the field. Take Watt, a famous British engineer and inventor, as an example. If he didn’t know about the defect of the steam engine or even the principle of it, could he make fundamental improvements in the steam engine, resulting in the modern, high-pressure steam engine? It is sure that he could not!

What’s more, the direction plays a vital role in advancing a field. As we were sailing in the sea, it would be more and more far away from our goal if we were going in the wrong direction. After we put about and retraced our path as soon as we realized it, it was lagged behind far from the specialists who had gone in the right direction from then on. Even we went in the right way at the beginning, but what could ensure that we would keep our boat sailing in the course that we wanted to take? Do not forget the fact that we were without the specialists as sailing without a compass used for determining geographic direction.

Admittedly, the knowledge and experience from the outside field of study is beneficial to the development of the field. Firstly, the outsiders from other field can bring new method and technology. For example, if we want to study the similarity of DNA sequences, we can turn to BLAST, a software to help biologists to analyze the DNA string. If we want to investigate the specific economic laws in a supermarket, we may get a help from a mathematic model, such as Poisson process, Markov process. Secondly, and more important, the outsiders can bring new thoughts. When our research was at a dead end and couldn’t go forward, a new thought was like a beautiful fire which can light up our way forward in the dark. The new thoughts provide us a number of choices and possibilities. Seeing the bird flying in the sky, we invent the airplane; seeing the fish swimming in the sea, we invent the submarine. Therefore, the outsiders’ knowledge and experience can help the advancement of the field of study.

Through what have been discussed above, we could draw a conclusion safely that the specialists in a field would make a significant advancement in the field taking advantages of the deep understanding and the solid foundation of their own field although the outsiders have some advantages such as more methods and new thoughts.

Tomas007UID: 2107663

When it comes to the advancement in a field of study, different people would have different ideas on base of their various positions, interests and knowledge. Some people maintain that the knowledge inside a field mainly lead to the important advancement of itself while others argue that the no field of study can advance significantly without the knowledge and experience from other fields. In my opinion, I strongly support the former because of several reasons which will be beneath addressed.

Only the researchers who are knowledgeable in their field master the most important information to advance a field, such as the defect of the systematized knowledge and the direction to develop the field. To begin with, to advance a field significantly must find and correct the defect in the field. (主语似乎不应该是不定式) While the outsiders have not a base understanding of the attribute and characteristic of these defects, not to speak of solving them, the specialists who spent most of their lives in（spend on/ devote to） their defect are most likely to patch the bug and make a significant contribution to the development of the field. Take Watt, a famous British engineer and inventor, as an example. If he didn’t know about the defect of the steam engine or even the principle of it, could he make fundamental improvements in the steam engine, resulting in the modern, high-pressure steam engine? It is sure that he could not!

What’s more,(最好不用缩写，因为不够正式) the direction plays a vital role in advancing a field. As we were sailing in the sea, it would be more and more far away from our goal if we were going in the wrong direction. After we put about and retraced our path as soon as we realized it, it was lagged behind far from the specialists who had gone in the right direction from then on. Even we went in the right way at the beginning, but what could ensure that we would keep our boat sailing in the course that we wanted to take? Do not forget the fact that we were without the specialists as sailing without a compass used for determining geographic direction. (Studying in a field without a specialist are just like sailing without a compass used for determining geographic direction)

Admittedly, the knowledge and experience from the outside field of study is beneficial to the development of the field. Firstly, the outsiders from other field can bring new method and technology. For example, if we want to study the similarity of DNA sequences, we can turn to BLAST, a software to help biologists to analyze the DNA string. If we want to investigate the specific economic laws in a supermarket, we may get a help from a mathematic model, such as Poisson process, Markov process. Secondly, and more important, the outsiders can bring new thoughts. When our research was at a dead end and couldn’t go forward, a new thought was like a beautiful fire which can light up our way forward in the dark. The new thoughts provide us a number of choices and possibilities. Seeing the bird flying in the sky, we invent the airplane; seeing the fish swimming in the sea, we invent the submarine.(二者联系不大，放在这儿做例证不太恰当) Therefore, the outsiders’ knowledge and experience can help the advancement of the field of study.

Through what have been discussed above, we could draw a conclusion safely that the specialists in a field would make a significant advancement in the field taking advantages of the deep understanding and the solid foundation of their own field although the outsiders have some advantages such as more methods and new thoughts.

全文结构清晰，逻辑分明，全盘分析，思路上完全成型。
但是，行文上，有些例证和论证似乎还不够充分和透彻，通病是点到为止，没有抓住一点，深入分析。

Tomas007UID: 2107663

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