Issue88 临考，期待互拍~~

@amy@UID：209096

题目
Issue88 "Technologies not only influence but actually determine social customs and ethics."

翻译：
技术不仅仅影响而且实际上是决定了社会传统和道德规范。

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提纲
（1）技术可以影响社会传统。比如：工业革命是女性的地位提高了，可以走出家门工作；电脑、网络、手机的普及彻底改变了人们的生活方式和相处方式；先进的交通工具可以使人们不再需要必须住在城市。
（2）技术可以影响道德规范。遗传学的研究使人们认识到近亲结婚的坏处，而不是“亲上加亲”。
（3）但是技术却不能决定社会传统和道德规范，因为技术是为人类服务的，而社会传统和道德规范正是人的一种体现。相反，技术要受到社会传统和道德规范的影响。比如克隆人的研究一直被大多数国家禁止。

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字数：432 words
时间：55分钟
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正文
I agree with the speaker that with the appearance of technologies, they have great influence on social customs and ethics, but I do not agree that they can also determine social customs and ethics as I discuss in the following.

First of all, our social customs and people's activities are dramatically changed by technologies. We cannot image the lives without technologies, maybe people are still using grasses or leaves to cover their bodies, or still eating raw meats, or women are still the appendants of men, or people still have to spend several months to travel to another place, or it is possible that humans have been extinct. But, just depending on the technologies, all the things are different. We can dress colorful clothes, women can go out to work and be equal position as men, people can communicate with each other using modern technologies, such as telephone, computer, Internet, and the like. The benefits and changes technologies bring to us are countless, from which we can find the influence technologies play on us.

Secondly, we can also find the effects of technologies from ethics' transformations. Along with the development of technologies, people begin to learn the nature and the world more and more clearly, and then alter some opinions and thinking of them, some of which relate to ethics. For example, in the past, people are like to marry their son or girl to their relatives' girl or son and they think such activities can make their relations nearer, but modern medicine and genetics find that intermarriages are very likely to result the offspring have some genetic diseases or shortages. Then, many governments add rule in their law to forbid intermarriage and people also change their minds eventually.

However, although technologies can have so great functions, social customs and ethics still cannot be determined by them. Technologies are the results of human's efforts and designed to serve for humans' lives, in other words, they are only the tools of humans. Moreover, customs and ethics are formed during the interaction of people, and refer to many facets which have little relation to technologies. For instance, no matter how advanced technologies are, love between parents and children will never be changed because it is the human nature. For another instance, although technologies have been so developed to make it possible to clone human, but many governments still forbid such studies and researches since it contravenes with people’s ethical principles.  

To sum up, technologies do influence social customs and ethics, but social customs and ethics are always determined by humans themselves rather than technologies.

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参考资料
https://bbs.gter.net/forum.php?mo ... p;highlight=issue88
https://bbs.gter.net/forum.php?mo ... p;highlight=issue88
https://bbs.gter.net/forum.php?mo ... p;highlight=issue88
https://bbs.gter.net/forum.php?mo ... p;highlight=issue88

果小冻UID：208370

占位先.恩

果小冻UID：208370

I agree with the speaker that with the appearance of technologies, they have great influence on social customs and ethics, but I do not agree that they can also determine social customs and ethics as I discuss in the following.[开头简明扼要，恩从增添字数上考虑，嘿嘿是否在开头加点背景的阐述呢？]

First of all, our social customs and people's activities are dramatically changed by technologies. [明确的中心句是必要滴]We cannot image the lives without technologies, maybe people are still using grasses or leaves to cover their bodies, or still eating raw meats, or women are still the appendants of men, or people still have to spend several months to travel to another place, or it is possible that humans have been extinct.[这个句子有力的，恩，呵呵] But,[这里转折不太明白的说] just depending on the technologies, all the things are different. We can dress colorful clothes, women can go out to work and be equal position as men, people can communicate with each other using modern technologies, such as telephone, computer, Internet, and the like. [这里的描述没有突出科技的作用，把侧重点转换一下呢？]The benefits and changes technologies bring to us are countless, from which we can find the influence technologies play on us.[段落层次好，很清楚]

Secondly, we can also find the effects of technologies from ethics' transformations. Along with the development of technologies, people begin to learn the nature and the world more and more clearly, and then alter some opinions and thinking of them, some of which relate to ethics.[这里对于道德伦理的分析还要多些吧，科技怎么对它们造成影响捏？恩] For example, in the past, people are like to marry their son or girl to their relatives' girl or son and they think such activities can make their relations nearer, but modern medicine and genetics find that intermarriages are very likely to result the offspring have some genetic diseases or shortages.[这里和上面一段类似，只是给了一个现象，但是没有突出科技的作用] Then, many governments add rule in their law to forbid intermarriage and people also change their minds eventually.

However, although technologies can have so great functions, social customs and ethics still cannot be determined by them. Technologies are the results of human's efforts and designed to serve for humans' lives, in other words, they are only the tools of humans. Moreover, customs and ethics are formed during the interaction of people, and refer to many facets which have little relation to technologies. For instance, no matter how advanced technologies are, love between parents and children will never be changed because it is the human nature. For another instance, although technologies have been so developed to make it possible to clone human, but many governments still forbid such studies and researches since it contravenes with people’s ethical principles.  [这里的观点和我是差不多滴，恩，我感觉还可以说的细一些吧，西西，再展开些捏]

To sum up, technologies do influence social customs and ethics, but social customs and ethics are always determined by humans themselves rather than technologies.
[结尾是不是太单薄了撒，阿是因为时间滴问题捏？恩，呵呵加油哈，挺好的，再注意点题吧，恩。]

@amy@UID：209096

还是要谢谢小小~~~ 嘿嘿，我28号考~~~

;P反正我肯定不是哥哥或弟弟，嘿嘿，那就不是姐姐就是妹妹了，嘻嘻~~

你看我的资料就知道了，知道了告诉我一声哈，我也八卦~~  :$

果小冻UID：208370

姐姐..嘿嘿.

@amy@UID：209096

嘻嘻，那你就是小小妹妹了~~~:hug:

果小冻UID：208370

原帖由 @amy@ 于 2006-2-21 17:55 发表
嘻嘻，那你就是小小妹妹了~~~:hug:

:hug:姐姐,你加油,恩,呵呵.剩下时间再好好把握一下.:)

@amy@UID：209096

嗯，嗯~~  继续努力~~~   ^_^