【TRANSFORMER】_ISSUE153_0804

灵感女孩UID: 2224424

153"Students should bring a certain skepticism to whatever they study. They should question what they are taught instead of accepting it passively."

今天的题目 大家加油~

bluyskyUID: 2657245

怎么发到同主题版来了啊?
昨晚后来qq掉线了

灵感女孩UID: 2224424

啊 可能是一着急点错了 改了~

sherry_cherishUID: 2613601

TOPIC: ISSUE153 - "Students should bring a certain skepticism to whatever they study. They should question what they are taught instead of accepting it passively."

“Question mark is the key to all science”, as Barzrak claims, the spirit of skepticism is the motive power upon which all the developments of human society depend. Never could a society make any progress without skepticism, which we can see clearly from both the modern world and from the great history of science.

The eastern style of education has long been criticized as a methodology lack of thinking independently and qusetionning. The students merely take in what the teachers indoctrinate mechanically, as how a recorder functions, and hardly have ever doubted the possibility that the teachers, or even the great authorities too could be wrong. Chinese students are victims of this sort of educational system: They can gain brilliant success in International Olympiad competitions of Mathematics, Chemistry, Biology, among others. Yet, there are few world-wide Chinese authorities in these realms of science, as a result of the way how they acquire acknowledge--the deficiency of skepticism. The traditional educational methodology seriously undermines the students' creativity and curiosity, and halts them in the academic world.

The attitude of doubt is the beacon showing the path to the exploration of the new and unknown knowledge. Science is a process of question-provoking and question--solving. Without skepticism, science would be held back. Galileo contradicted Aristotle's theoretical canon, overturn a 1900-year old error to the world. Copermicus, who toppled over the traditional and in-powered theory of geocentric, proved himself to the world with Heliocentrism. From the process of the whole history of human society,

However, doubting does not amount to questioning everything from the root. In order to get the essence of skepticism, we should equip ourselves with enough fundamental knowledge in the first place.
"If I have been able to see further, it was only because I stand in the shoulders of giant."--By Newton.
A solitary person is no more than a granule in this vast cosmos. We can keep researching for further because we have so many great sages who have come before us to whom we can turn for basic knowledge. In no way one can contributes to a breakthrough without the prior scientists or scholar's theories. Undue skepticism and refusals to all the former theories are counterproductive and silly. It is only because of the ones who stand on the shoulders of the giants and look forward continuously for something new that our wheel of society can keep rolling and never cease. Copermicus, , bring out the law of falling bodies, resting on Newtion’s law of gravity.
Only when we inherit the legacy of brilliant knowledge of the prior sages, based on which we look for an alternative answer or further can we find the "New world" of ours for the first time. The knowledge you mastered determines the height of your own giants. The higher the giants are, the further you can reach for the unknown sky. Relying on him/herself, probably one would never see a corner of the sky for the entire life.

To sum up, students should learn the theories of the formers and meanwhile cultivate a spirit of skepticism, so as to reach further in the infinite world of science. We should learn to stand on the shoulders of the giants and use the question mark to open the gate to a vast world.

灵感女孩UID: 2224424

TOPIC: ISSUE153 - "Students should bring a certain skepticism to whatever they study. They should question what they are taught instead of accepting it passively."
WORDS: 634          TIME: 1:02:43         DATE: 8/4/2009

In the history of human beings, each improvement is generated by either furthering ideas by our precedents, or more significantly, generating innovative new ones. Broaching different and skeptical opinions helped people to terminate old and incorrect ideas, as well as promoting creativity that contributes to the development of the society. I generally agree with the author's assertion that students should bring a certain skepticism to whatever they study and question what they are taught instead of accepting it passively. However, we should also avoid the air of self-righteousness.

Skepticism refers to a philosophic position that the possibility of knowledge is either impeded by the limitations of the mind or the inaccessibility of its object. In a broader sense, it denotes any questioning attitude. Without doubt and contrasting ideas, people are easily satisfied with the superficial knowledge thus unable to seek for the truth. Before Galileo experimented on the tower of Pisa, which demonstrated that objects fall at the same speed regardless of their own weight, if given the same starting velocity, people have long believed famous Greek philosopher Aristotle's claim that heavier objects fall faster than lighter ones. Skepticism enabled Galileo to discover the truth and overturned the wrong theory. Just as Clarence Darrow once said, "As long as the world shall last there will be wrongs, and if no man rebelled, those wrongs would last forever."

Skepticism can also keep our minds open to new ideas, render us different opinions, reveal the deep creative characteristics of human beings and contribute to the development of technology and even the whole society. New disciplines are sometimes founded when people doubt about old ones. Watson and Click challenged the theory that protein is the central genetic material and proposed DNA Double Helix Model which heralded the birth of molecular biology. Molecular biology today is considered one of the fastest developing and useful subjects scientists are interested in, because it is the basis of modern medical development, which helps the human kind to defeat various diseases. Therefore, skepticism contributes to the development of our society.

When it comes to educating students, the spirit of skepticism enables them to think critically and learn things more effectively and deeply. When a student doubts about what he is taught, he will gather data and information to investigate in this matter and acquire a more comprehensive and deeper understanding of the subject matter. Once I was taught a phrase in my Japanese class that differed from what I usually hear from my Japanese friends, I delved into an authoritative Japanese grammar book and found out these two phrases are both correct and are used to address to different people according to their relevant superiority. If I were to assume either one is the only correct form, I would not gain a thorough understanding of these expressions, or even the importance of status in the Japanese society.

Nevertheless, in addition to the importance of skepticism, education should also pay attention to avoiding creating an air of self-righteousness because rational skepticism is based on thorough investigation and deliberate research. We should educate student not to over doubt, rather in a reasonable, healthy way. In fact, education itself should ensure that students acquire moral education, which enables them to respect each other, trust each other, and cooperate with one another. These moral standards are to avoid over skepticism.

In sum, skepticism is a valuable characteristic a student should possess. It helps them to overturn wrong and old ideas and create new and correct ones, which propels the development of the whole society. Skepticism also helps students to acquire a deeper and more thorough understanding of what they are learning. However, one aspect we cannot ignore is to avoid over skepticism that makes student self-righteous which is not one of the goals of education.

yesrushUID: 2443769

TOPIC: ISSUE153 - "Students should bring a certain skepticism to whatever they study. They should question what they are taught instead of accepting it passively."
WORDS: 647          TIME: 00:43:47          DATE: 2009-8-4 17:43:12

The relationship between the students and study likes the relationship between tourists and an unknown city. Students do learning to gain knowledge as well as tourists are told about the interests and history of the city. Those argue that students should bring a certain skepticism to what they study. As for me, the skepticism spirit is helpful for students when studying currently and doing researching in future, however, we can not question everything under any conditions.

To begin with, the skepticism spirit should be encouraged for students in order to provocate the initiative. In modern education, students should be taken as oysters rather than sausages, since we should help them open and absorb the rich, not stuff the knowledge for them and seal them up. If a student, especially someone who is interested in the study, is allowed to question the knowledge they learned, and one find something which may be wrong while learning. The outcome is that he will look up books in library to get information in a certain area, design the relevant experiment to test the theory, and use one's own mind and resource to find the truth. The result of skepticism can be categorized into two groups: The first group is students who finally find that the theory they questioned is wrong. Not only does one correct the knowledge, but also the self-confidence and sense of accomplishment gained in this experience will stimulate them to further study. The second group is the students finding out that the theory is right. It doesn’t mean that the process of skepticism is needless, considering that they can fully understand this theory because they take much effort to test its correct. However, if the students are forbidden to make a skepticism, the only thing they can do is receive the knowledge passively, consequently totally lost their activity and initiative in learning. What’s worse, their interest in learning may dramatically drops. In sum, to increase the initiative of students, skepticism spirit is necessary.

In addition, skepticism gives the students the courage to test the authority, which is important for those who will select the research career in future. If they do not have the courage to test the authority, they can not make progress by challenging the old and previous theory. The development of science is a process of test the authority. Einstein created the special and general of relative theory by challenging the Newton's classical mechanics and making the revolution of the long-standing understanding of space and time. John Nash stands the Nash equilibrium, which has brought massive benefits to economics field nowadays, through challenging the competition theory produced by Adam Smith. If the students can learn the importance of testing the authority using skepticism spirit, they are more likely to break through the science as they are doing scientific research when they grow up.

However, emphasizing the importance of skepticism too much will bring potential threat to students' learning. Firstly, some knowledge, such as the history events, exists objectively no matter whether one believe it or not. Questioning these existing history events is meaningless, we had better accept them and therefore find the generalization and relationship of these events. Secondly, before we question a theory, we should fully understand what does the theory say, and process relevant information and have the ability to point out what is wrong or why it is wrong. Hardly can be questioning judged as meaningful without the sufficient evidence and information.

To sum up, since skepticism can provide students the initiative of learning, which impulses students to pursuit the course of study to the best of their ability, as well as the courage of challenging the authority, which plays a vital role in exploring the new knowledge while doing researching, students should process the skepticism spirit, and after they owns enough information, question the knowledge which is needed to be questioned.

shevavaUID: 2574709

The method of studying, in our modern society, is in the centre of controversy. As the ability to study is regarded as one of the measurements of the individual's personal ability, more and more attention are attracted to relevant topics, from the accepting knowledge passively to learning by curiosity, from the evaluation only by grade to cultivating the ability as the main purpose. Recently, skepticism is granted as a necessity for students to make progress and formula his own thinking, for critical thinking weighs much more nowadays.

Skepticism is the motivation for and wells of the individual progress. During the process of studying, when you question what you are taught, questions will turn out continuously, and if all these questions are understood, your accumulation of knowledge will have you apply them in your practical life more smoothly. On the other hand, if some of the questions are open to doubt, you should deal with them through referring to books or learning from others or looking for the answers in the nature and what the process brings to you will be a great contribution. The book and knowledge taught by teachers are the inspirations. After a student has raised a question, he will search for data to support his or her point of view, and it is where the thorough investigation from which real understanding comes is based.

Critical thinking can be cultivated by the spirit of skepticism. Without skepticism of what you are taught, you are conditioned by the conventions of the old frames, and in the era of innovation, you will lag behind definitely. And on the other hand, by the time when you face a problem which has no definite and correct answer, students won't freeze regarding what to be done. After stepping into the society, there may be some results from other people's research, but the results are usually not complete and accurate enough. If one takes these results for granted, he or she will never achieve anything original.

Additionally, skepticism can also promote the progress of humanity. A lot of new discoveries and truths of nature are found by people who are open to doubt. Galileo is a case in that point that when he learned that the falling speed of objects had correlation with its mass, curiosity arose in his mind. Therefore, he climbed the Leaning Tower of Pisa, and dropped various weights from the top; and lately, he rolled balls down from the inclined planes. With all these experiments, Galileo generalized all the results into the famous law of free fall. Without the skepticism of Galileo, nobody will know when this important law of nature would be presented.

In conclusion, critical thinking is an indispensable part of our education. The students should be ready to doubt and challenge what they learn, and this experience makes a deeper impression in their minds. The atmosphere of skepticism is needed to be created by the educational system.

bluyskyUID: 2657245

第一篇issue，难产，中英文夹杂，修改的盟友，麻烦帮忙看看思维了。感谢。

153 "Students should bring a certain skepticism to whatever they study. They should question what they are taught instead of accepting it passively."

观点：同意怀疑精神，但不同意怀疑一切，毫无目的的怀疑。
Outline:
a.
怀疑精神对社会和科学都是非常重要的，每个学生都应该有这种怀疑精神。
b.
However, the undue skepticism is not appropriate and deleterious. Firstly, the students in the primary education period are not encourage to question everything they are taught.
c.
Secondly, some basically theory and knowledge should not be questioned by the student.
d.
许多时候，在这个知识爆炸的年代，怀疑精神是不必要的。
英文:

Should the students be skeptical in whatever they study and question whatever they are taught? In my view, although skepticism to the student, especially the graduate student, is as necessary as food for the body, I can't agree with the speaker. Skepticism is right, but the students' non-selective suspicion is not appropriate.

Admittedly, skepticism play a so important role in natural and social science that all student, especially those in the graduate school, should have skepticism. So many examples have proved that. In the sciences, 每一次的科学进步都离不开这种怀疑的精神。没有A的怀疑精神，至今我们还认为天是圆的地是方；没有B的怀疑精神，至今我们还以为地球就是宇宙的中心 . In the society, 每一点的社会进步跟怀疑精神息息相关。因为怀疑精神我们从奴隶社会走到封建社会，再到今天民主社会 . In short, if we were blindly accept all that we are taught, our society and science would never progress or evolve.

However, the undue skepticism is not appropriate and deleterious. Firstly, the students in the primary education period are not encourage to question everything they are taught. In this period, 这些年轻人还没有建立起判别是非的体系，还不具备怀疑的能力。这时鼓励他们怀疑所教授给他们的一切，只会带给他们烦恼，浪费他们的时间。比如在语文课上，一个小孩，总是质问苹果为什么叫apple，而不是pear,or appl?那么一学期语文课他可能只学会了几个单词。而且一些老师也会被问烦的。重要的是，许多宝贵的时间浪费，他本可以轻松愉快的学习更多的单词。

Secondly, some basically theory and knowledge should not be questioned by the student. 比如几何课上，你总是质问三角形的内角和为什么是180度，没人能回答你这个问题。不论是自然科学还是人文科学，都有一些非常基础的概念或原理，也有一些新发现或建立的事实或理论。作为一个学生，我们的精力都是有限的，我认为合理的学习方式是，快速的接受并掌握那些非常成熟的概念，然后如果从事科研行业的话，再去怀疑并论证那些新的理论。举一个简单的例子，作为一个地学专业的学生，你应该怀疑的是板块构造理论而不是地震波的反射折射理论。

Thirdly, in this knowledge-explosion era,许多时候你不需要知道为什么，而只需要知道是什么，因为你也没有那么多时间去问为什么。除非你是一个科学家，即使是一个科学家，他的怀疑也仅局限于他的研究领域，如果他从小学开始的时候就怀疑所有科目的基本理论，那他很难成为一个领域的专家。

In sum, I concede that every student should bring a certain skepticism, especially those graduate should be skeptical in those new theory which are established by their advisor or expert, and only by this our science and society would make more great progress. 但是我也坚决反对所有的学生对所有的基础理论和知识体系都怀疑，那样的怀疑只会是浪费你的时间。

shallwetalk1990UID: 2507431

题目：ISSUE153 - "Students should bring a certain skepticism to whatever they study. They should question what they are taught instead of accepting it passively."
字数：577          用时：3:47:50          日期：2009-8-4

Skepticism, defined as a tool to broaden scientific view by reasonable question. Students are skeptical about what they are taught, this phenomenon should be appreciated. Science needs skepticism, human-being need skepticism. In the history of human's development, skepticism plays an indispensable role. Without skepticism, people had lost lots of chance to find new substances, new theories, and new places, etc. However, the key word in this definition of skepticism is reasonable, which lead us in the correct direction.

Students keep on skepticism during the process of accepting knowledge, which will contribute to pretensions of what they are taught. What teachers teach can't be always right, everybody does make mistake. If we take what we learn in the school without thinking again, what we remember is not knowledge but all word and meaningless word. Reasonable skepticism is scientific motivator for progress, assistant of students' absorb knowledge, tool of teachers' instruction. Some teachers dampen students' initiative on skepticism, they are afraid that their authority will lose. On the contrast, teachers should encourage students to raise a query, this action also can help them to improve their view and accept different options. Skepticism often can help us something new, this fresh discovery guide human in the bright road. For instance, Aristotle brought forward geocentric theory, but it is under suspicion by Copernicus, who founded the new theory called Heliocentric Theory. If the history of exploring university is over like that, the world today wouldn't developed as now. Bruno returned us the real world, he found that cosmos is unlimited. However, this theory wasn't accepted by teachings. Bruno dedicate his life to truth, he restitute this world.

The rationality of skepticism should be considered, not all questions are reasonable. Only can this query be accepted which is based on scientific ratiocination. Unfounded query only waste a mass of human and material resources, and cause confusion of our life. Over skepticism make itself lose its scientificity, people suspect each other. Nobody believe others, nothing can be credence. Knowledge become to meaningless words, no sentence in book is accepted by people. World is a hell, no rules, the most fun of life is to questioning others. Students learn nothing from teachers, because they no longer trust what teacher said. It is necessary that the query is based on history and fact, also reasonable inference. Students can question what they are taught, however, they can put forward their own views with scientific theory.

Society require skepticism, society couldn't progress without skepticism. With the useful query, people get instrumental information from it. The query itself may be not so important; the process that people discuss the correctness of this query can also help people. Always, new discovery was during the process of doubt. For example, the find of America, which was cause by the query of Columbus. Columbus are suspected with the old idea that the Earth was square and Heaven was round, he want to prove that the Earth was round, so he begin sailing to find the truth. In the time of his sailing, he not only proves his thought and also found America. Thanks to skepticism, our human-being grow with a high speed.

Overall, students bring skepticism to what they study, which is well influence both teachers and students. The issue that whatever they study should be doubt seems white-and-black, and it brings us so much harm. Skepticism is neseccary in this society, and also will assist our development in most of fields.

bluyskyUID: 2657245

6# yesrush

The method of studying, in our modern society, is in the centre of controversy. As the ability to study is regarded as one of the measurements of the individual's personal ability, more and more attention are attracted to relevant topics, from the accepting knowledge passively to learning by curiosity, from the evaluation only by grade to cultivating the ability as the main purpose. Recently, skepticism is granted as a necessity for students to make progress and formula his own thinking, for critical thinking weighs much more nowadays.（第一段表明观点，语气弱了点。）

Skepticism is the motivation for and wells of the individual progress. During the process of studying, when you question what you are taught, questions will turn out continuously, and if all these questions are understood, your accumulation of knowledge will have you apply them in your practical life more smoothly. On the other hand, if some of the questions are open to doubt, you should deal with them through referring to books or learning from others or looking for the answers in the nature and what the process brings to you will be a great contribution. The book and knowledge taught by teachers are the inspirations. After a student has raised a question, he will search for data to support his or her point of view, and it is where the thorough investigation from which real understanding comes is based.（这段论述的精彩，正，反面都有逻辑论证。）（建议最好举几个名人的例子，能更有说服力。）

Critical thinking can be cultivated by the spirit of skepticism. Without skepticism of what you are taught, you are conditioned by the conventions of the old frames, and in the era of innovation, you will lag behind definitely. And on the other hand, by the time when you face a problem which has no definite and correct answer, students won't freeze regarding what to be done. After stepping into the society, there may be some results from other people's research, but the results are usually not complete and accurate enough. If one takes these results for granted, he or she will never achieve anything original.（段首的主旨句，讲，怀疑精神能培养批判性的思考。后面的论述，对这个支持的力度不够。）

Additionally, skepticism can also promote the progress of humanity. A lot of new discoveries and truths of nature are found by people who are open to doubt. Galileo is a case in that point that when he learned that the falling speed of objects had correlation with its mass, curiosity arose in his mind. Therefore, he climbed the Leaning Tower of Pisa, and dropped various weights from the top; and lately, he rolled balls down from the inclined planes. With all these experiments, Galileo generalized all the results into the famous law of free fall. Without the skepticism of Galileo, nobody will know when this important law of nature would be presented.（galileo的例子，阐述的很详细，建议再补充一个社会方面的例子，显的更完整些，因为，段首句关键词，说的是humanity，galileo,只能代表科学方面的。）

In conclusion, critical thinking is an indispensable part of our education. The students should be ready to doubt and challenge what they learn, and this experience makes a deeper impression in their minds. The atmosphere of skepticism is needed to be created by the educational system.（最后一段读起来，感觉，表达语气的观点不够强，显的很平淡，建议加点强调语气的关键词。就像一个人说一个问题一样，说到最后感觉没劲了。）

总体，建议，文章的段落构思应该更明确一点，你的观点是什么，你有那几个论点，有哪些论据，得出的结论是什么。大胆的勇敢的表现出来。

bluyskyUID: 2657245

7# shevava

作文一改在下面了

sherry_cherishUID: 2613601

我改shallwetalk的 先占楼 稍后补上
因为昨天网络问题 迟了对不住了

shallwetalk1990UID: 2507431

153 "Students should bring a certain skepticism to whatever they study. They should question what they are taught instead of accepting it passively."

观点：同意怀疑精神，但不同意怀疑一切，毫无目的的怀疑。
Outline:
a.
怀疑精神对社会和科学都是非常重要的，每个学生都应该有这种怀疑精神。
b.
However, the undue skepticism is not appropriate and deleterious. Firstly, the students in the primary education period are not encourage to question everything they are taught.
c.
Secondly, some basically theory and knowledge should not be questioned by the student.
d.
许多时候，在这个知识爆炸的年代，怀疑精神是不必要的。 有点不解
英文:

Should the students be skeptical in whatever they study and question whatever they are taught? In my view, although skepticism to the student, especially the graduate student, is as necessary as food for the body, I can't agree with the speaker. Skepticism is right, but the students' non-selective suspicion is not appropriate.

Admittedly, skepticism play a so important role in natural and social science that all student, especially those in the graduate school, should have skepticism. So many examples have proved that. In the sciences, 每一次的科学进步都离不开这种怀疑的精神。没有A的怀疑精神，至今我们还认为天是圆的地是方；没有B的怀疑精神，至今我们还以为地球就是宇宙的中心 . In the society, 每一点的社会进步跟怀疑精神息息相关。因为怀疑精神我们从奴隶社会走到封建社会，再到今天民主社会 . In short, if we were blindly accept all that we are taught, our society and science would never progress or evolve. 例子不错 是哥伦布证明了天不是园的地不是方的 是哥白尼证明了日心说 布鲁诺又证明了宇宙是无限的

However, the undue skepticism is not appropriate and deleterious. Firstly, the students in the primary education period are not encourage to question everything they are taught. In this period, 这些年轻人还没有建立起判别是非的体系，还不具备怀疑的能力。这时鼓励他们怀疑所教授给他们的一切，只会带给他们烦恼，浪费他们的时间。比如在语文课上，一个小孩，总是质问苹果为什么叫apple，而不是pear,or appl?那么一学期语文课他可能只学会了几个单词。而且一些老师也会被问烦的。重要的是，许多宝贵的时间浪费，他本可以轻松愉快的学习更多的单词。 不错的例子

Secondly, some basically theory and knowledge should not be questioned by the student. 比如几何课上，你总是质问三角形的内角和为什么是180度，没人能回答你这个问题。不论是自然科学还是人文科学，都有一些非常基础的概念或原理，也有一些新发现或建立的事实或理论。作为一个学生，我们的精力都是有限的，我认为合理的学习方式是，快速的接受并掌握那些非常成熟的概念，然后如果从事科研行业的话，再去怀疑并论证那些新的理论。举一个简单的例子，作为一个地学专业的学生，你应该怀疑的是板块构造理论而不是地震波的反射折射理论。 累赘 应该和上一段并在一起 都是一样的意思

Thirdly, in this knowledge-explosion era,许多时候你不需要知道为什么，而只需要知道是什么，因为你也没有那么多时间去问为什么。除非你是一个科学家，即使是一个科学家，他的怀疑也仅局限于他的研究领域，如果他从小学开始的时候就怀疑所有科目的基本理论，那他很难成为一个领域的专家。 可不可以说 这样的怀疑便是有科学道理的 有根据的 有推理的怀疑

In sum, I concede that every student should bring a certain skepticism, especially those graduate should be skeptical in those new theory which are established by their advisor or expert, and only by this our science and society would make more great progress. 但是我也坚决反对所有的学生对所有的基础理论和知识体系都怀疑，那样的怀疑只会是浪费你的时间。

条理较清晰 希望可以写成文章 那两段可以并列在一起

8# bluysky