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本帖最后由 kantong 于 2013-1-12 00:46 编辑
Vocabulary Review with advanced details.
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vigorous
viv vit vig=life,表示”生命”
vivacious a 活泼的,有生气的(viv+acious=多….的=多生命的=活泼的)
vigor n 精力
vigorous a 精力旺盛的
convivial a 欢乐的,欢宴的(con共同+viv+ial=共同活跃=欢乐)
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splash
to make sb/sth wet by making a liquid fall on them/it
◇ He splashed cold water on his face.
◇ My clothes were splashed with mud.
◇ Stop splashing me!
Oxford Learner’s Thesaurus © Oxford University Press, 2008.
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behalf
- INSTEAD :2 instead of another person
instead [ adverb ]
▪ Jo couldn’t go to the meeting, so I said I’d go instead.
instead of
▪ Gillespie will play in midfield instead of Cochrane.
▪ I can’t understand why they chose him instead of you -- you’re much better qualified for the job.
in somebody’s place/in place of somebody [ adverb ]
if you do something or go somewhere in someone’s place , you do it or go there instead of them because they are not able to go :
▪ Mr Lloyd resigned and asked Mr Graham to serve in his place.
▪ I’m not playing in next week’s game and I’m not sure who will be playing in my place.
in place of somebody
▪ A new manager was appointed in place of Hoddle.
for [ preposition ]
if you do something for someone, you do it instead of them, especially in order to help them :
▪ The old man downstairs was ill, so Linda said she’d go shopping for him.
▪ You shouldn’t be carrying those heavy cases -- let me do it for you.
on behalf of somebody/on somebody’s behalf [ adverb ]
if you do something on behalf of someone, such as give a speech or making an official decision, you do it instead of them because they have asked you to represent them :
▪ On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to wish you a long and happy retirement.
▪ Richardson’s lawyer agreed to speak to journalists on his behalf.
- REPRESENT : 1 to represent a person or group
represent [ transitive verb ]
if you represent a person or group at a meeting or in a law court or parliament, you give their opinions and make decisions for them; if you represent a country, school etc in a competition, you have been chosen to compete for that country or school :
▪ Each class will elect two students to represent them on the School Council.
▪ Trade Unions representing ambulance workers yesterday agreed to accept a 5% pay increase.
▪ The new law has been criticized by groups representing disabled people.
▪ The athletes will represent China in this year’s Olympic Games.
▪ Wilson was represented in court by a top criminal lawyer.
on behalf of somebody/on somebody’s behalf [ preposition ]
if you speak to people on behalf of someone, you express their ideas, opinions, or feelings for them :
▪ On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to wish Ted a long and happy retirement.
▪ I would like to thank you all on my mother’s behalf for all your cards and good wishes.
act on behalf of somebody
▪ The lawyer acting on behalf of Mrs Anderson said he would continue the fight to clear her name.
speak for [ transitive phrasal verb ]
to represent a group of people by expressing their feelings, thoughts, or beliefs :
▪ David Blunkett, speaking for the Labour Party, said more money should be spent on higher education.
▪ I can only speak for my own family, not for the other families involved in this case.
act for [ transitive phrasal verb not in passive ]
to represent someone by making decisions for them, especially legal or financial decisions :
▪ It’s a good idea to have an estate agent to act for you when you are selling a house.
▪ Lawyers acting for the defendant asked for her case to be adjourned while they examined new evidence.
play/run/swim etc for [ transitive phrasal verb not in passive ]
if you play, run, swim etc for a school, club, or country, you represent it in a sports competition against other schools, clubs, or countries :
▪ Playing rugby for England had always been one of his dreams.
▪ I used to swim for my school.
▪ Simon Short, running for Scotland, is in the lead as they come round the final bend.
Longman Language Activator © Longman, PEARSON EDUCATION LIMITED 2009
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discrepancy
- DIFFERENT : 12 when one statement, idea etc makes a different one seem untrue
contradict [ transitive verb ]
if one statement or fact contradicts another one, it is so different that it makes the other one seem untrue or impossible :
▪ The two newspaper reports totally contradict each other.
▪ Recent experiments seem to contradict earlier results.
▪ O'Brien’s later statement contradicted what he had told Somerville police on the night of the murder.
contradictory [ adjective ] ideas, statements, results etc that are contradictory are different from each other, especially when you would expect them to be the same :
▪ The two boys gave contradictory accounts of the accident.
▪ A lot of the information we receive from historical sources is contradictory, inaccurate, or incomplete.
conflicting [ adjective only before noun ]
very different from each other - use this especially when two things should be the same :
▪ At first we received conflicting information about the number of children who were seriously hurt.
▪ Researchers tend to offer conflicting advice on which vitamin and mineral supplements might keep us healthy.
be inconsistent with [ verb phrase ]
if a statement, story, fact etc is inconsistent with what you expect or already know of the situation, it is completely different from it :
▪ IBM said that the £37 million payment had been made in a way that was inconsistent with company policy.
▪ Wolff, an economics professor at New York University, said that the results were inconsistent with all the other data they had.
discrepancy [ countable noun ]
a small fact or detail that is different from what you expected, especially one that makes you think that something is wrong :
▪ Whenever he works out his accounts there are always discrepancies.
discrepancy between
▪ Apparently there were discrepancies between police reports taken from the same witnesses at different times.
discrepancy in
▪ She always refused to discuss the discrepancies in her biography.
go against [ verb phrase ]
if something goes against what you think or what someone has told you, it is different from the opinions, attitudes etc that you have learnt :
▪ What the teacher was saying went against everything his parents had taught him.
▪ She couldn’t explain what had made her go against her upbringing and character and behave so recklessly.
be at odds with [ verb phrase ]
if a statement, story, fact etc is at odds with another, the two things are so completely different that one of them must be untrue :
▪ John Nelson has been re-examining the evidence, and his conclusions are greatly at odds with the story so far.
▪ The government decision to raise taxes was at odds with their policies on inflation.
Longman Language Activator © Longman, PEARSON EDUCATION LIMITED 2009
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