issue 184 求拍，有拍必回，谢谢

manfred_huiUID: 2689901

TOPIC: ISSUE184 - "It is a grave mistake to theorize before one has data."
WORDS: 511
TIME: 00:45:00
DATE: 2009-8-29 23:14:53

自己改过一点

OUTLINE

• 给data下一个定义：除了一般意义上的数据之外，由数据得来的基本理论也应该被视为另一种形式的理论。
• 实验对科学理论发展的重要性（以天文学为例）。
• 但我们也不能陷入另一个极端，不得到所有数据就不进行总结，而只是盲目做实验

Our physical world is composed by substance. And all natural laws and regulations are based on the substance. No one can establish a building without the base, so does the theorization. Thus, I strongly agree with the speaker that it is a grave mistake to theorize before one has data.

First of all, it is important to make clear about the meaning of the word, data, here. Some people may argue that many mathematicians propose their theory just by deduction and conjecture based on some axioms and other theory However, how can we get the axioms which usually are regarded as granted. They are originated from our life. Our ancestor built up the concept of number when counting the games they hunted. We find that the shortest path between two points is the straight line by our life experience. As a result, in my point of view, we can not separate the concept of data and theory. Theory itself should also be regarded as a special kind of data since any theory can't be true without those most basic axioms which are based on our common sense, certainly another kind of data.

Unlike mathematics, importance of data is more obvious in the field of physics which is a kind of science mainly based on experiment. The development of astrology, a part of physics, is an appealing example. Before we recognized the importance of experiment and observation, much hypocrisy rules our world for hundreds of years though they can not be self-evident. The geocentric theory about the universe is bloomed due to our humans’ self-centered emotion and is utilized by religious despotism in the dark medieval. Until Galileo improve the telescope and followed by Copernicus and Bruno, great amount of astrological observation material were published. Heliocentric theory free people from the fetters of the religion and build up the experimental sprit of modern science. Thus, though the heliocentric theory was either proved to be not correct by modern technology, it opens the curtain of a new data-based development era of science.

However, we should be careful not to get into the other extreme aspect of the statement that one should propose a theory only when he gets enough data. Admittedly, data is the base of theory. However, the problem lies in that how much data is enough. If one only pursuit the completeness of a theory, he may want to collect all the data while neglect the importance to summarize and check the new data with the assumed conclusion. We can only asset that one theory is temporally correct instead of complete just as history informs us. Newton’s great theory about gravity and force, ruling our physical world for several centuries, was replaced by Einstein's relativism. And maybe one day some phenomena may prove that Einstein's theory also needs to be modified. As a result, we should first draw some assumption according to the limited data and then use further experiment to prove or modify our assumption which will turn into theory after a larger number of tests.

In conclusion, data is the base of theory. All laws and regulation can not be separate from data which is of great importance to propel the advancement of science and technology. Meanwhile, we should summarize timely from the data that we already get to guide our further experiment and avoid being bogged in the pell-mell of data.

夏の末UID: 2603892

1#
manfred_hui

Our physical world is composed by substance. And all natural laws and regulations are based on the substance. No one can establish a building without the base, so does the theorization. Thus, I strongly agree with the speaker that it is a grave mistake to theorize before one has data.

First of all, it is important to make clear about the meaning of the word, data, here. Some people may argue that many mathematicians propose their theory just by deduction and conjecture based on some axioms and other theory However, how can we get the axioms which usually are regarded as granted. They are originated from our life. Our ancestor built up the concept of number when counting the games they hunted. We find that the shortest path between two points is the straight line by our life experience. As a result, in my point of view, we can not separate the concept of data and theory. Theory itself should also be regarded as a special kind of data since any theory can't be true without those most basic axioms which are based on our common sense, certainly another kind of data.(你的TS是make clear about the "data" ,但后面一直在说data 和theory不能分开,我大概可以明白你想表达的意思,可是你这样写的话,会有点模糊,你再思考一下)

Unlike mathematics, (the)importance of data is more obvious in the field of physics which is a kind of science mainly based on experiment. The development of astrology, a part of physics, is an appealing example.(不太明白啊,astrology是占星学么?那跟physics怎么联系到一起的呢?) Before we recognized the importance of experiment and observation, much hypocrisy rules our world for hundreds of years though they can not (cannot)be self-evident. The geocentric theory about the universe is bloomed due to our humans’ self-centered emotion and is utilized by religious despotism in the dark medieval. Until Galileo improve the telescope and followed by Copernicus and Bruno, great amount of astrological observation material were published. Heliocentric theory free people from the fetters of the religion and build up the experimental sprit of modern science. Thus, though the heliocentric theory was either proved to be not correct by modern technology, it opens the curtain of a new data-based development era of science.

However, we should be careful not to get into the other extreme aspect of the statement that one should propose a theory only when he gets enough data. Admittedly, data is the base of theory. However, the problem lies in that how much data is enough. If one only pursuit the completeness of a theory, he may want to collect all the data while neglect the importance to summarize and check the new data with the assumed conclusion. We can only asset that one theory is temporally(temporarily) correct instead of complete just as history informs us. ( 一个理论只可能是暂时正确,不能保证完全正确,这跟主题还是没多大关系呀,你不能说因为无法保证理论绝对正确就不许要很多数据去支持任何一个理论)Newton’s great theory about gravity and force, ruling our physical world for several centuries, was replaced by Einstein's relativism. And maybe one day some phenomena may prove that Einstein's theory also needs to be modified. As a result, we should first draw some assumption according to the limited data and then use further experiment to prove or modify our assumption which will turn into theory after a larger number of tests.(我还是感觉不到Newton,Einstein的例子跟data,theorize有什么关系T-T)

In conclusion, data is the base of theory(这个句子出现好多次了... ...我觉得用foundation好一些). All laws and regulation can not be separate from data which is of great importance to propel the advancement of science and technology. Meanwhile, we should summarize timely from the data that we already get to guide our further experiment and avoid being bogged in the pell-mell of data.

我感觉有一点点跑题诶~LZ再自己读读看,很多例子比较牵强.尤其是第三个body,我的小小建议是,可以写现实中有些数据很难获得,因为条件不允许,只能有大概的数据(比如牛顿第一定律,在完全光滑的前提下... ...),而且很多学科,比如社会学，心理学,可能会比较难获得直接的数据,这就需要推测和猜想.(LZ可以想一些由猜想得出并且正确的结论) 另外,还可以讲,有时候搜集数据和得出理论是可以同时进行的,得出的理论可以作为动力和方向去搜集更多跟好的数据,这就驳斥了原题的before,
LZ的想法和思路不错,但是例子举的不太贴切,另外,有些地方我总觉得不对劲,却不知道如何改,有些句子好象是很直白地从中文翻译过来的,不太地道哦~当然我也不一定说得对,仅供参考
Good luck~

manfred_huiUID: 2689901

2# 夏の末

谢谢你啊，终于有人该我的文章了，呵呵。如果需要互改的话可以给我留链接。

你觉得这篇有跑题吗？是指每一段的TS和内容不符，还是和整个issue的题目
不符呢？

另外我按照你的意见把一些地方说的更明白了一点，不过我自己也感觉自己没
有按照比较正式的模板来写，不是每段都有TS开头，有结尾句，不知道这样是
不是很不好啊。

总之谢谢你的意见。

------------------
Our physical world is composed by substance. And all natural laws and regulations are based on the substance. No one can establish a building without the base, so does the theorization. Thus, I strongly agree with the speaker that it is a grave mistake to theorize before one has data.

First of all, I’d like to give a definition of the world data here. Some people may argue that many mathematicians propose their theory just by deduction and conjecture based on some axioms and other theory. However, how can we get the axioms which usually are taken as granted? They originate from our life. Our ancestor built up the concept of number when counting the games they hunted. We find that the shortest path between two points is the straight line by our life experience. As a result, in my point of view, we can not separate the concept of data and theory. Theory itself should also be regarded as a special kind of data since any theory can't be true without those most basic axioms which are based on our common sense, certainly another kind of data. Thus data here not only contains experiment results and scientific tests but also the well-known axiom and theory.

Unlike mathematics, importance of data is more obvious in the field of physics which is a kind of science mainly based on experiment. The development of astronomy, a part of physics, is an appealing example. Before we recognized the importance of experiment and observation, much hypocrisy rules our world for hundreds of years though they can not be self-evident. The geocentric theory about the universe is prevailed due to our humans’ self-centered emotion and is utilized by religious despotism in the dark medieval Until Galileo improve the telescope and followed by Copernicus and Bruno, great amount of astronomical observation material were published. Heliocentric theory freed people from the fetters of the religion and build up the experimental sprit of modern science. Thus, though the heliocentric theory was proved to be not correct by modern technology, it opens the curtain of a new data-based development era of science.

However, we should be careful not to get into the other extreme aspect of the statement that one should propose a theory only when he gets all the data. Admittedly, data is the foundation of theory. However, the problem lies in that how much data is enough. If one only pursuit the completeness of a theory, he may want to collect all the data while neglect the importance to summarize and check the new data with the assumed conclusion. We can only asset that one theory is temporally correct instead of complete just as history informs us. Newton’s great theory about gravity and force, ruling our physical world for several centuries, was replaced by Einstein's relativism. And maybe one day some phenomena may prove that Einstein's theory also needs to be modified. Then what our world would be if Newton and Einstein did not establish their theories on which our modern world is based for the worry of incompleteness. As a result, we should first draw some assumption according to the limited data and then use further experiment to prove or modify our assumption which will turn into theory after a larger number of tests.

In conclusion, data is the foundation of theory. All laws and regulation can not be separate from data which is of great importance to propel the advancement of science and technology. Meanwhile, we should summarize timely from the data that we already get to guide our further experiment and avoid being bogged in the pell-mell of data.