雅思/托福写作名师钟钰老师--精品段写作A类

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写图表 tips
1. Tense
2. Basic structure
3. Different emphases of different charts
4. Variety: vocabulary, grammar

Basic structure
n
1. Introduction
n
2. General statement (which varies with charts)
n
3. Details
n
4. Conclusion

General statement 单图题
1. Curve chart: rising, falling, first rising and then falling, etc.
2. Pie chart: biggest and smallest
3. Bar chart: similar to curve or pie
4. Table: 多图题
5. Flow chart: no general statement

Curve chart
绿皮书 P 5
Curve chart details: 注重分段，分段依据在哪？

Curve chart 常用词：
上升、下降、波动、保持不变、到达顶点、到达底部
上升 vi.
rise, increase, go up, ascend, climb
急剧地
rapidly, quickly, sharply, greatly, dramatically, drastically, substantially, exponentially

急升 vi.
rocket, soar, shoot up

下降 vi.
fall, drop, decrease, go down, descend

温和地
gently, mildly, moderately, slightly, slowly

急跌 vi.
Plunge, plummet, dive

波动 vi.
fluctuate
n. fluctuation
Example: 股市在波动中上升。
The stock market fluctuates with a rising trend.
The stock market rises with some fluctuations.

到达顶点
Reach the top/ highest/ summit / peak.
peak vi.
Example: 中国人口今年到达13亿的最高峰。
China’s population peaks at 1.3 billion this year.

达到底部
reach the lowest/ bottom/
hit rock bottom

反弹 vi.
Rebound, bottom out
Example:
没有迹象表明萧条已经到了极点。
There is no sign that the recession has bottomed out yet.

保持不变 vi.
keep stable
remain steady
stay the same
level off
stabilize

达到稳定水平
plateau n./vi.
价格下跌，然后达到稳定水平
The price declined and then plateaued / reached a plateau.

范文
绿皮书 P 7
Introduction 写法
改写: (绿皮书 P 22)
1. 改词
2. 改语法结构
3. 加图表中的details

General statement 常用词
Generally speaking,
In general,
As can be seen,
It can be seen clearly that …
Basically,

多图题
1. 图表之间没有可比性
绿皮书 P 1
如同对待两个单图

2.图表之间有可比性
绿皮书 P 65
General statement 注重：general trend after comparison
Details: 描写细节的同时，随时注重comparison

范文：绿皮书 P 17
中间两段：绿皮书 P 39

Curve chart 引入数据的方法：利用介词
绿皮书 P 14

Pie chart 常用词
被分为：
be divided into / be categorized into


份额：
proportion, percentage, ratio

占：
occupy, take up, represent, make up, account for, constitute, consume

Pie chart 注重写：

1. 各个部分所占份额
2. 各个部分的比较。
需要掌握的句型：
…be X% more than…
…be X times as 形容词原级 as …

范文
The graph, presented in a pie chart, illustrates the proportion of the meat sold in a supermarket. The total meat sold in the supermarket is divided into six types as follows: chicken, pork, beef, lamb, fish and others.

Basically, chicken takes the lion’s share of the total meat sold, which accounts for 40%, while other kinds of meat has the smallest percentage, 2%.

According to the pie chart, chicken is the most popular among meat consumers, then next is pork with 20%, followed by beef, making up 18%, and finally come lamb, fish and other kinds of meat at 15%, 5% and 2% respectively. It should be noted that the sale of pork is half as much as that of chicken. It is also interesting to mention that the sale of chicken is 20 times as much as that of others.

It can be concluded that chicken is the most commonly bought meat while other kinds of meat is the least frequently bought.

多图题
绿皮书 P 65
Comparison 的前提：grouping
数据变多
范文
绿皮书 P 18
多图题注重：trends and comparison rather than data description

值得一提的数据
5大原则
1. Grouping: comparison (three purposes: a. general statement, biggest difference, smallest difference)
2．Biggest and smallest in the whole graph
3. Biggest and smallest in groups
4. Special data
5. Total (esp. for tables)

课后作业

绿皮书 P 62

范文
Introduction
The big pie chart shows the proportions of different household tasks. The rest/five small pie charts indicate how much men and women/ males and females take among five kinds of housework.

General statement
In general, cooking and cleaning take up 84% of the total household work, becoming the largest part, while other kinds of housework occupy the smallest part, only 3%. Males undertake the heavy-labor work more than the light one and the reverse is true for females.

Details
In the big pie chart, cooking, which consumes 44%, is the largest part, and then is cleaning at 40%, followed by shopping, making up 7% and finally come gardening, repair and other kinds of work with 4%, 3% and 2%.
In the small pie charts, maintenance and repairs are the most work taken by men, who represent 92%. In contrast, women undertake the most of cleaning with 86%. It is interesting to find that males and females take similar shares of shopping, comprising 45% and 55% respectively.

Conclusion
From all the pie charts, we can see that women do most of cleaning and cooking when the two tasks happen to make up the most of the housework. As a result, it is easy to conclude that women shoulder most of the household work while men take most of the work which needs strength.

Table
<绿皮书>
P24
P26

Flow chart
Object
The diagram/ flow chart describes sth. which is used/designed to do sth. It is divided into …. parts, namely, …, …, … and …

Process
The diagram/ flow chart illustrates / depicts the process how …. (an electric heater works). (the lifecycle of a silkworm carries on). It is divided / categorized into …steps/ stages/ periods, namely, …., …, …, and …

Map
The diagram(s) compare(s) (the two sites which are used for a supermarket.)

Details
In the first stage, ….
Next,
Also,
At the same time,…
Then,
In the following stage,
At last,
In the final stage,
In contrast,
On the contrary,
However,
Similarly,
After the final stage, the lifecycle begins again.

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