Adeline1006G备考日志~不迁怒，不贰过

AdelineShenUID：2630498

我怀念每天早上七点被zzz或者宝宝或者gaofei的电话铃声叫醒
我怀念每天晚上准时上线跟你们一起讨论类反讨论填空
我怀念每天打开草草做的花花绿绿的Exel任务表
我怀念每天的单词互查贴
我怀念第一份做到崩溃的阅读精析
我怀念困倦的时候我们互爆PP
我怀念失落的时候我们互相打气

我感动 为那些花花绿绿的Exel表和草草不断地T人警告 激励着我每一分每一秒
我感动 为草草牺牲自己的时间跟我们讲解 帮我们把握方向 替我们答疑解惑 给我们绝密资料
我感动 为每天的备考日志里你们的那一句句“加油” 简单而执着

回首那段在精英组的痛并坚定着的日子，那段因为你们的陪伴而让杀G的道路不再寂寞的日子，那段因为你们的激励而让我不那么迷茫、不那么堕落的日子~
我很感恩，感谢寄托，感谢有你们，我最最亲爱的战友们~
追梦路漫漫，我们，且行且珍惜~

AW的惨败让我痛心，只觉得与精英组相见恨晚。今日再开日志，我要继续跟随草草的脚步，无论是否二战，作文水平的提高是一个必要而长久的过程，那么，让我继续跟你们，一起奋斗！~

AdelineShenUID：2630498

1. What does X mean? (Definition)

2. What are the various features of X? (Description)
1
3. What are the component parts of X? (Simple Analysis)
1
4. How is X made or done? (Process Analysis)
1
5. How should X be made or done? (Directional Analysis)
1
6. What is the essential function of X? (Functional Analysis)
1
7. What are the causes of X? (Causal Analysis) BE EACW
1
8. What are the consequences of X? (Causal Analysis)
1
9. What are the types of X? (Classification)
1
10. How is X like or unlike Y? (Comparison)
1
11. What is the present status of X? (Comparison)
1
12. What is the significance of X? (Interpretation)
1
13. What are the facts about X? (Reportage)
1
14. How did X happen? (Narration)
1
15. What kind of person is X? (Characterization/Profile)
1
16. What is my personal response to X? (Reflection)
1
17. What is my memory of X? (Reminiscence)
1
18. What is the value of X? (Evaluation)
1
19. What are the essential major points or features of X? (Summary)
1
20. What case can be made for or against X? (Persuasion)

AdelineShenUID：2630498

some important tips:

1. Write down all the primary ideas you'd like to express and then fill in each with the smaller ideas that make up each primary idea. This can easily be converted into an outline
记得那个时候在太傻上有个帖子叫西西啥的，讲作文的展开，那时觉得讲得挺好的，后来作文的展开提纲基本就按那个来的，链接前两天刚被我删了...

2.Change the AudiencePretend that you're writing to a child, to a close friend, to a parent, to a person who sharply disagrees with you, or to someone who's new to the subject and needs to have you explain your paper's topic slowly and clearly. Changing the audience can clarify your purpose and can also make you feel more comfortable and help you write more easily.
嗯，转换角色貌似是个不错的论点展开方式，不过这个能用到AW中吗？

AdelineShenUID：2630498

嗯，这个比20问简洁多了，可行性更大一些。
其实归根到底就是讲两个问题，一个是brainstorm出outline中的主要观点，二就是用各种方法去支撑证明这些观点。
那个时候那个西西啥的帖子之所以让我觉得很赞，就是因为她给了一种很简单的展开论点的方法，就是把一个大论点分成几个小论点，而小论点的展开可以利用自己总结的分层法来进行，比如历史的现在的和未来的，比如表面的和内在的，比如在某某层面上怎么看一个问题在另一个层面上怎么看一个问题，这些层面的展开其实各个topic之间是有很多相通的地方的，而且是可以提前准备模板的~到考场上直接拿来用可以。但是前提是要不断训练，把这些东西内化，真正成为你自己的东西，否则考试时时绝对想不起来的。

Ask yourself what your purpose is for writing about the subject.
There are many "correct" things to write about for any subject, but you need to narrow down your choices. For example, your topic might be "dorm food." At this point, you and your potential reader are asking the same question, "So what?" Why should you write about this, and why should anyone read it?
Do you want the reader to pity you because of the intolerable food you have to eat there?
Do you want to analyze large-scale institutional cooking?
Do you want to compare Purdue's dorm food to that served at Indiana University?

Ask yourself how you are going to achieve this purpose.
How, for example, would you achieve your purpose if you wanted to describe some movie as the best you've ever seen? Would you define for yourself a specific means of doing so? Would your comments on the movie go beyond merely telling the reader that you really liked it?

Start the ideas flowing
Brainstorm. Gather as many good and bad ideas, suggestions, examples, sentences, false starts, etc. as you can. Perhaps some friends can join in. Jot down everything that comes to mind, including material you are sure you will throw out. Be ready to keep adding to the list at odd moments as ideas continue to come to mind.

Talk to your audience, or pretend that you are being interviewed by someone -- or by several people, if possible (to give yourself the opportunity of considering a subject from several different points of view). What questions would the other person ask? You might also try to teach the subject to a group or class.

See if you can find a fresh analogy that opens up a new set of ideas. Build your analogy by using the word like. For example, if you are writing about violence on television, is that violence like clowns fighting in a carnival act (that is, we know that no one is really getting hurt)?

Take a rest and let it all percolate.

Nutshell your whole idea.
Tell it to someone in three or four sentences.

Diagram your major points somehow.
Make a tree, outline, or whatever helps you to see a schematic representation of what you have. You may discover the need for more material in some places.

Write a first draft.

AdelineShenUID：2630498

Thesis statement 那个怎么打不开。。。

AdelineShenUID：2630498

这个建议不错，不过考试的时候估计没时间做这个事情吧~
planning visually
Use a drawing or painting program to do some visual planning. To do some clustering, put a topic word or phrase in a circle in the middle of the page and then surround that circle with clusters of related ideas (also in circles). Use lines to connect these ideas to the main idea or to other sub-ideas. To try branching, another visual planning strategy, put the main idea at the top of the page and then list sub-ideas underneath the main idea with related points for each sub-idea branching off.

这招我也用过的~
mixing up the order of paragraphs or sentences
Make a new copy of your file. Then, in the new file, use the cut-and-paste feature to move paragraphs. You may see a better organizing principle than the principle you had been using. Do the same with sentences within paragraphs

AdelineShenUID：2630498

这个建议不错，不过考试的时候估计没时间做这个事情吧~
planning visually
Use a drawing or painting program to do some visual planning. To do some clustering, put a topic word or phrase in a circle in the middle of the page and then surround that circle with clusters of related ideas (also in circles). Use lines to connect these ideas to the main idea or to other sub-ideas. To try branching, another visual planning strategy, put the main idea at the top of the page and then list sub-ideas underneath the main idea with related points for each sub-idea branching off.

这招我也用过的~
mixing up the order of paragraphs or sentences
Make a new copy of your file. Then, in the new file, use the cut-and-paste feature to move paragraphs. You may see a better organizing principle than the principle you had been using. Do the same with sentences within paragraphs

AdelineShenUID：2630498

The thesis statement is typically located at the end of your opening paragraph. (The opening paragraph serves to set the context for the thesis.) 注意，这里明确的指出了，主题句（thesis statement）必须出现在开头段（opening paragraph）的最后！
主题句一般出现在开头的最后一两句．这个规定我搜索了不下２０个网站，都是这样要求的，可见，这个规定大家最后遵守，我想，阅卷人一定会在你的Introduction里边的最后一两句找你的Thesis，你就是要确保他在这里找到！
Remember, your reader will be looking for your thesis. Make it clear, strong, and easy to find.使主题句清晰！

额。。。原来主题句的位置竟然是有潜规则的。。。

StefanaUID：2143510

大赞Adeline!!!!!
今天竟然么分加了..下次加 嗯 我也在跟着再来 嘻嘻

AdelineShenUID：2630498

An argumentative thesis statement will tell your audience:
•        your claim or assertion
•        the reasons/evidence that support this claim
•        the order in which you will be presenting your reasons and evidence

Questions to ask yourself when writing an argumentative thesis statement:
•        What is my claim or assertion?
•        What are the reasons I have to support my claim or assertion?
•        In what order should I present my reasons?

•        It avoids vague language (like "it seems").
•        It avoids the first person. ("I believe," "In my opinion") （强烈注意，不要使用第一人称！！！！）

主题句的dos and don’tsDos:
表明立场，具体，并且中心明确，表明自己的观点和结论，出现在开头段的末尾，同时提示读者作者的行文思路．
Don’ts:
不要说废话，说空话，说大话，不要出现第一人称，不要含糊不清．

公式：
Specific topic + Attitude/Angle/Argument = Thesis
What you plan to argue + How you plan to argue it = Thesis

AdelineShenUID：2630498

•        Does the thesis  avoid general phrasing and/or sweeping words such as "all" or "none" or "every"? 避免绝对的论调

AdelineShenUID：2630498

常见逻辑顺序：
Climactic Order (Order of Importance)
In this pattern, items are arranged from least important to most important. Typical transitions would include more important, most difficult, still harder, by far the most expensive, even more damaging, worse yet, and so on.

Still other principles of organization based on emphasis include
general-to-specific order,
specific-to general order,
most-familiar-to-least-familiar,
simplest-to-most-complex,
order of frequency,
order of familiarity, and so on.
对应连接词：
more importantly; best of all; still worse; a more effective approach; even more expensive; even more painful than passing a kidney stone; the least wasteful; occasionally, frequently, regularly

AdelineShenUID：2630498

嗯，最重要的在后头~

In an analysis of issues related to a topic, you can follow an ascending or climactic order, looking at smaller factors or arguments first, then moving up to the more crucial factors. Your last section could begin, "The most serious difficulty with…, however, is…" Ascending or climactic order adds power to a paper by leading the reader into increasing tension, much like an action movie builds to a climax. Resist giving away the most exciting parts of your paper early on – if you use up the good stuff early, you’ll have little left to keep the reader interested in the rest of what you have to say.

AdelineShenUID：2630498

一、        段落的组成结构：
１．        The topic sentence:
有两个作用：首先它实际上是你本段话题的Thesis,起到和全文的Thesis一样的作用。其次，它是全文的Thesis的进一步的推广和具体化；一般来说，TS总是在文章的开头的第一或者第二句话，很少可以见到在文章的最后出现，并且最好不要这样使用！
２．        Supporting evidence/analysis:
由论据和论证组成，为了合理的论证观点TS.必须在论据和论证之间找到一个平衡！
３．        The conclusion(observation):
结论句总是在文章的最后一句或者倒数第二句！结论句除了总结上文的论述，还要在此总结上做好向下一个分论点的过度。

AdelineShenUID：2630498

you need to give your readers signposts that tell them where they are and where you're going to lead them, not just at the beginning of your paper, but frequently along the way.