Adeline1006G备考日志~不迁怒，不贰过

AdelineShenUID: 2630498

1.18

comment:

Religion and education are to some extent incompatible. In this case, the problem of whether education should include religion is debated heatedly. In my opinion, religion should be included in education, but in some right ways.

In education, religion should not be regarded as religion itself. Professors are not churchmen, their task is not to encourage the students to believe in one certain religion. What the professors should do is to provide the students with the knowledge of religions, with the influence of religions on the human society, with the interaction of religions with the development of the economy and the government.

As religion plays a more and more important role in human society, the education about religion is necessary. The aim is to help the students know more about the society.

AdelineShenUID: 2630498

1.19
Comment:

In this article the author expresses his/her disappointment about the NEA. Although NEA did do something helpful in the past, say helping the artistests create freely and independently. However, something has changed since the development of economy. Nowadays NEA is focusing too much on traditional arts and the freedom of creation of artists is fading away. ASrtisits have to twist their true thought in order to cater to NEA. What a pity! So much inspiration of the artists are lost in this way.

Art is the soecial spiritual resource which can bring about economic growth. However, economic growth should not be the result that the works of art truly seek for. The aim of art is to arouse the inner compassion of people, using all kinds of forms like panting, photographing and music. Through the works of art, people might think deeply about their heart and the life of others, which will cast light and peace on the world.

Art is a pure form of expression, not a way of get higher economic growth. NEA should think more about the true meaning of art and let the artists fly their thoughts and inspiration freely!~

AdelineShenUID: 2630498

comment:

In this article the author introduced a method of gaining control over specific classes of neurons while leaving the others more or less unaltered. This kind of technology might bring great breakthrough in the field of brain research. In this way, scientists can know more deeply and specifically about how the brain works and then give some useful ways to solve some problem about the brain or even improve human being's brain.

People are always curious about the nature and the function of our own body. As the brain of human beings is such a complex system, scientists might still need to walk a long way before the method is truly come into use with out any serious side effects. But scientists are always tring and never give up probing the unknown world.

So be confident that more and more mystry of the brain will be revealed!

AdelineShenUID: 2630498

sigh~这两天考试，都是拼速度，写得灰常烂，大家多包含。。。
快点考完，我要好好跟大家一起玩丫~~

AdelineShenUID: 2630498

comment:

Comformity and individuality are two seemingly inconsistant notion in today's world. Nowadays, comformity plays a more and more important role in people's relationship. People are living in a society, which is formed by different people with contradictory ideas. Only by cooperation and conformity can help people achieve a gole in efficiency. As almost no job can be finished with some single person, cooperation and working together will make things easier.

However, individuality is also important. Everybody is different and has the different status and importance in one work. What's more, to be yourself is the principle of many people in modern times.

All in all, conformity and individuality are both important and we should deal with them effectively.

zhengchangdianUID: 2563082

刚刚回头看见你睡前的脸，有点惨白啊，辛苦啦！帮你踩踩，要加油！
和我一起说：站直了，别趴下！

AdelineShenUID: 2630498

啊。。。。我来了！！！我要补作业！！！

AdelineShenUID: 2630498

今天早上整理完文化班的课堂录音发了篇comment，传说美国思想史上的巨著，结果发现那意识流般的文章我也看不懂，囧o(╯□╰)o

帮小组的一个孩子改了一篇socialization的文章，找点issue的感觉，从今天开始要好好准备了。今天怎么也要列个计划出来了！

找66大叔请教了一下argument的备考方法，放到下面~

AdelineShenUID: 2630498

实际上是这样
1.你的论述必须有合理的分析
所谓说理性文字
让读者知道你们做出这个结论的心理过程
他们才能follow你，才能信服你
而不是直接下定义
2.你们找的反驳性例子，必须足够合理
应该说，ARGUMENT的断定性语言不能用反例来打败
你必须说清楚的是：1.反例出现以后对命题的关键性影响 2.反例是普遍性的
比如有一篇在沼泽地建立机场的argument
很多人反对建立机场的原因是天气可能不会很好
这显然是一个极其小概率事件
即使有1，2天天气不好
也影响不到argument本身
你需要找更加普遍的反例
比如建立机场会破坏当地的生态环境
这才是critical strike
关于如何让反例合理
这里有一篇文章，可以看看https://bbs.gter.net/viewthread.php?tid=927873&highlight=
我希望你们能在刚开始接触A的时候就有这么个认识
不要向我这样，写了一个月，才发现自己就是在瞎扯
以前人走过的弯路，你们最好能避开
我的ISSUE就犯了如此错误，这就是我至今仍然更多专注于A题目而非模板的原因呐~~
3就是restate
这是一个非常重要的技巧
关于这个，你们可以看看这个https://bbs.gter.net/thread-976493-1-1.html
对比1，2，13，14楼
第二段
明显经过收尾restate，辩驳有力了许多
最后就是
少说废话
尤其是很多人喜欢开头重复一下作者原来的话然后才开始辩驳
这个是根本完全没必要的
关于这个你们看这里
第三段主题句我的改写
开头直接拿出的应当是你们的目的,而不是作者的原话，或者原话的改写
只需要明确的说出原文的问题就行了
比如说这是我以前改过的一个人的ts
Another point which undermines the argument is that recent global warming trends that have caused the sea ice to melt don't necessarily mean the decrease of sea ice in Canada's arctic region
完全就是改写文章里面的原话
然后你们对比一下我改写的
In addition, global trend could hardly indicate precise situation of particular region
不要去重复文章
很少有文章有2个偷换概念
如果实在觉得读者会误解
就在后面解释
TS句绝对不能restate
是绝对！
https://bbs.gter.net/viewthread.php?tid=939802&highlight=

zhengchangdianUID: 2563082

104# AdelineShen

你帮谁改的文章啊？

家家☆yoonjaeUID: 2646910

ade 怀挺~ 哦吼吼

AdelineShenUID: 2630498

Ensue

part of speech: vi
English: Issue or terminate (in a specified way, state, etc.); end; "result in tragedy".
Chinese: 接着发生，接踵而来

context(This word is utilized to describe):
Eventuality
Posteriority
Sequence

Example:

1.If too many endothelial cells are destroyed, corneal edema and blindness ensue, with corneal transplantation the only available therapy.

2.Testing is of benefit only if there is access to the necessary comprehensive health services and resources that ensue from case/carrier detection.

3.Sales of mining equipment and machinery will ensue thereafter, especially for the exploration and on-site processing of mining deposits.

4.Once the formalities and pleasantries are dispensed with, substantive discussion can ensue.


Inculcate

part of speech: vt
English: Teach and impress by frequent repetitions or admonitions.
Chinese: 竭力主张，极力灌输

context(This word is utilized to describe):
Teaching


Example:

1.Let us extricate our country from the dangers which surround it and learn wisdom from the lessons they inculcate.

2.Even in primary schools, children are inculcated with the admiration of scientific bias.

Ample

part of speech: adj
English:
1. More than enough in size or scope or capacity; "had ample food for the party"; "an ample supply".
2. Affording an abundant supply; "had ample food for the party"; "copious provisions"; "food is plentiful"; "a plenteous grape harvest"; "a rich supply".
3. Fairly large; "a sizable fortune"; "an ample waistline"; "of ample proportions".
Chinese: 充足的，丰富的，丰满的，硕大的 （注意这个词比enough还要enough,如果用来形容breasts,那么就真是波霸了）

Context(This word is utilized to describe):
Sufficiency
Space
Size
Greatness
Breadth
Thickness

Example:

1.We have ample opportunities in this court for learning what women mean, or what they mean they mean if in these days they mean anything at all.

2.I never knew her breasts were so ample.

3.Yes, but see, the clock stops ringing once I throw it against the wall giving me ample time to fall back to sleep.

4.These trees grow quickly and produce ample shade in two years.

5.Streets of the FSA (Farm Security Administration) defense workers village are broad and well paved, ample for the traffic of this rapidly expanding housing project.

Imperative

part of speech: adj
English: Requiring attention or action.(urgent)
Chinese: 紧迫的，紧急的，专制的(政府，人)

Context(This word is utilized to describe):
Duty
Requirement
Severity

Example:

1.In the future, it will be imperative that markedly improved techniques be applied in each clinical study.

2.Gen. Sheikh Mohammed feels that the e-government initiative is imperative for Dubai to continue to thrive economically.

3.The economic crisis made continued private financing imperative but problematic.

4.In such a case it is imperative to enter into a legal contract and receive RBI approval.

Sanguine
part of speech: adj
English: Confidently optimistic and cheerful
Chinese: 乐观的，充满希望的

Context(This word is utilized to describe):
Expectation
Imagination
Hope
Belief

Example:

1.I shall never be able to realise the too sanguine hopes of my friends, for at twenty-eight I am a thoroughly old man - mentally and bodily

2.I cannot be so sanguine as Mr. Weston

3.The condition and prospects of the revenue are more favorable than our most sanguine expectations had anticipated

4.Our population advances with a celerity which, exceeding the most sanguine calculations, proportionally augments our strength and resources, and guarantees our future security.

AdelineShenUID: 2630498

[抛砖引玉 每日一例]--J.D.Salinger & The Cathcher in the Rye[2010-02-01]

KEY WORD: 1、作家 author 2、《麦田里的守望者》 The Cathcher in the Rye 3、美国当代文学 contemporary American literature 4、反英雄形象 antihero 5、美国战后 postwar America 6、垮掉的一代 the Beat Generation 7、隐居 seclusion 8、社会现实 social reality 有关题目（ISSUE）： 139"Every new generation needs to redefine 'right' and 'wrong' in its own terms and according to the conditions of its own time." 3"It is more important to allocate money for immediate, existing social problems than to spend it on long-term research that might help future generations." 86"Young people should be encouraged to pursue long-term, realistic goals rather than seek immediate fame and recognition." 6"The most effective way to understand contemporary culture is to analyze the trends of its youth." 63"To truly understand your own culture—no matter how you define it—requires personal knowledge of at least one other culture, one that is distinctly different from your own." 104"It is primarily through formal education that a culture tries to perpetuate the ideas it favors and discredit the ideas it fears." 208"The way people look, dress, and act reveals their attitudes and interests. You can tell much about a society's ideas and values by observing the appearance and behavior of its people." 203"The best way to understand the character of a society is to examine the character of the men and women that the society chooses as its heroes or its heroines." 131"The arts (painting, music, literature, etc.) reveal the otherwise hidden ideas and impulses of a society." 144"It is the artist, not the critic,* who gives society something of lasting value." *a person who evaluates works of art, such as novels, films, music, paintings, etc. 143"Artists should pay little attention to their critics.* Criticism tends to undermine and constrain the artist's creativity."   *those who evaluate works of art, such as novels, films, music, paintings, etc. 76"Truly profound thinkers and highly creative artists are always out of step with their time and their society." 57"The depth of knowledge to be gained from books is much richer and broader than what can be learned from direct experience." 155"Contemporary society offers so many ways of learning that reading books is no longer very important."        传奇“遁世”作家、《麦田里的守望者》作者塞林格美国当地时间二十七日在位于新罕布什尔州的家中逝世，享年九十一岁。        美国媒体二十八日的报道称，塞林格的儿子在一份声明中宣布了上述消息，并称父亲是自然死亡。杰罗姆·大卫·塞林格一九一九年一月一日出生于美国纽约一个犹太富商家庭，一九四二年塞林格从军，一九四四年前往欧洲战场从事反间谍工作。一九四六年塞林格退伍，回到纽约开始专心创作。他的第一本长篇小说《麦田里的守望者》一九五一年出版，获得了很大的成功，使其一举成名。全书以出身美国中产阶级家庭的十六岁中学生霍尔顿·考尔德的口吻叙述，塑造了美国当代文学中最早的反英雄形象之一。该书一经问世便风靡全球，在青少年中引起强烈共鸣，主人公霍尔顿也成为美国战后“垮掉的一代”的代表人物。        据称，该书在全球以各种版本发行了六千万册。《麦田里的守望者》获得成功之后，塞林格变得更孤僻。他在新罕布什尔州乡间的河边小山附近买下了九十多英亩的土地，在山顶上建了一座小屋，过起了隐居的生活。他虽然从未放弃写作，但他在一九五一年之后，就很少公开出版自己的作品。2009年六月，塞林格的律师向纽约曼哈顿联邦法院提交了诉讼文件，要求强制回收即将于秋季在美国问世、一瑞典作家为其续写的小说《六十年之后：穿越麦田》，最后美国法官勒令该续集不准在美国出版。 《麦田里的守望者》内容简介：        主人公霍尔顿是出身于富裕中产阶级的十六岁少年，在第四次被开除出学校之后，不敢贸然回家，只身在美国最繁华的纽约城游荡了一天两夜，住小客店，逛夜总会，滥交女友，酗酒……他看到了资本主义社会的种种丑恶，接触了各式各样的人物，其中大部分是“假模假式的”伪君子。        霍尔顿几乎看不惯周围发生的一切，他甚至想逃离这个现实世界，到穷乡僻壤去假装一个又聋又哑的人，但要真正这样做，又是不可能的，结果他只能生活在矛盾之中：他这一辈子最痛恨电影，但百无聊赖中又不得不在电影院里消磨时间；他厌恶没有爱情的性关系，却又糊里糊涂地叫来了妓女；他讨厌虚荣庸俗的女友萨丽，却又迷恋她的美色。        因此，他尽管看不惯世道，却只好苦闷、彷惶，用种种不切实际的幻想安慰自己，自欺欺人，最后仍不免对现实社会妥协，成不了真正的叛逆，这可以说是作者塞林格和他笔下人物霍尔顿的悲剧所在。 塞林格其人：        杰罗姆·大卫·塞林格（JeromeDavidSalinger，1919年1月1日出生）父亲是做于酪和火腿进口生意的犹太商人，家境相当富裕。塞林格十五岁的时候，被父母送到宾夕法尼亚州一个军事学校里住读，据说《麦田里的守望者》中关于寄宿学校的描写，很大部分是以那所学校为背景的。一九三六年，塞林格在军事学校毕业，取得了他毕生唯一的一张文凭。从一九四○年在《小说》杂志上发表他的头一个短篇小说起，到一九五一年出版他的长篇小说《麦田里的守望者》止，在十余年中他共发表了二十多个短篇，有些短篇还在《老爷》、《纽约人》等著名刊物上发表。他的《麦田里的守望者》被认为是二十世纪美国文学的经典作品之一。终其一生，塞林格结集出版的只有短篇小说集《九故事》，其中主角都是一些不合时宜的男女青年。塞林格成名后一直隐居的生活。 from:http://world.people.com.cn/GB/10871665.html

AdelineShenUID: 2630498

[抛砖引玉 每日一例]-- e-mail? grey mail... [2010-02-02]

KEY WORD: 1、电子邮件e-mail 2、即时信息Instant Message(IM) 3、社交网站Social Network Site(SNS) 4、交流communication 5、效率efficiency 6、科技technology 有关题目（ISSUE）： 151"High-speed electronic communications media, such as electronic mail and television, tend to prevent meaningful and thoughtful communication." 74"The most effective way to communicate an idea or value to large groups of people is through the use of images, not language." 215"The bombardment of visual images in contemporary society has the effect of making people less able to focus clearly and extensively on a single issue over a long period of time." 219"Now that computer technology has made possible the rapid accessing of large amounts of factual information, people are less likely than ever to think deeply or originally. They feel unable to compete with—much less contribute to—the quantity of information that is now available electronically." 155"Contemporary society offers so many ways of learning that reading books is no longer very important." 38"In the age of television, reading books is not as important as it once was. People can learn as much by watching television as they can by reading books." 233"Although innovations such as video, computers, and the Internet seem to offer schools improved methods for instructing students, these technologies all too often distract from real learning." 237"Computers and video technology can make facsimiles of original works such as paintings and historical documents available to everyone. The great advantage of this new technology is that it will enable anyone—not just scholars—to conduct in-depth research without having access to the original works." 66"As people rely more and more on technology to solve problems, the ability of humans to think for themselves will surely deteriorate." 30"The primary goal of technological advancement should be to increase people's efficiency so that everyone has more leisure time." 107"Instant communication systems encourage people to form hasty opinions and give quick replies rather than take the time to develop thoughtful, well-reasoned points of view." 206"People are too quick to take action; instead they should stop to think of the possible consequences of what they might do." 124"Instant foods, instant communication, faster transportation-all of these recent developments are designed to save time. Ironically, though, instead of making more leisure time available, these developments have contributed to a pace of human affairs that is more rushed and more frantic than ever before." 58"The increasingly rapid pace of life today causes more problems than it solves." 159"The human mind will always be superior to machines because machines are only tools of human minds." 166"Over the past century, the most significant contribution of technology has been to make people's lives more comfortable." 196"Technology creates more problems than it solves, and may threaten or damage the quality of life." 129"Technology is a necessary but not always a positive force in modern life." 31"Money spent on research is almost always a good investment, even when the results of that research are controversial." 69"Government should place few, if any, restrictions on scientific research and development" 88"Technologies not only influence but actually determine social customs and ethics." 114"Humanity has made little real progress over the past century or so. Technological innovations have taken place, but the overall condition of humanity is no better. War, violence, and poverty are still with us. Technology cannot change the condition of humanity." 77"People today are too individualistic. Instead of pursuing self-centered, separate goals, people need to understand that satisfaction comes from working for the greater good of the family, the community, or society as a whole." 116"With the growth of global networks in such areas as economics and communication, there is no doubt that every aspect of society—including education, politics, the arts, and the sciences—will benefit greatly from international influences." Email花了20年才形成风气，但可能花不到一半的时间就会完全消失 　　汤姆·汉克斯和梅格·瑞安主演的《电子情书》，使Email在10年前成为了最时尚的通讯方式。中国人还给电子邮件起了个好听的名字“伊妹儿”。可如今，“伊妹儿”渐渐老去，已经逐渐演变成了“灰妹儿”(grey mail)。 　　伊妹儿变灰妹儿 　　英国肯特大学社会人类学的一项调查表明，电子邮件已经失去了以往的魅力，上百万的青少年已经不再把电子邮件作为主要的交流工具。为了交流更加迅速，越来越多的青少年开始转向使用即时信息(IM)和社交网站，而非电子邮件。 　　尽管目前全世界的Email信箱还是满满的，但是专家相信，它们正在衰亡。原因是它们速度过慢、不方便联系。主持这项研究的大卫·泽特林教授称，网民更愿意选择使用Facebook和Twitter，因为可以通过这类网站及时向所有朋友发布信息，节省了发送邮件和书写文本的时间。英国的著名宽带提供商 TalkTalk也做过一次调查，发现只有50%的英国青少年认为Email是交流的首选。但是，老一辈人还是很依赖Email的，98%年龄在65岁以上的人还在使用Email。也许这就是“伊妹儿”如今被叫做“灰妹儿”的原因吧。 　　20年成名，10年消失 　　Email不再受宠还有一个重要的原因是：太不流行了。肯特大学的戴维·萨汀教授说：“Email花了20年才形成风气。但可能花不到一半的时间就会完全消失。”专家推测，现在时髦的人喜欢“一次完成”的通讯方式。例如，在Twitter上的一则短讯，同时可以发给所有的好友看。 　　 “电子邮件最大的缺点就是又慢又不时尚，如果给朋友发送些相片要等上好久，如果是歌曲或视频那就更惨。可是在社交网站上就可以直接进入我的主页，随便浏览了。还有，电子邮件中那些垃圾邮件也很恼人。”伦敦大学学生约翰·邵普说。MSN、QQ、Twitter、Facebook……层出不穷的通讯软件既有电子邮件的通信功能，同时还有即时性，此外，各种视频、游戏、播放功能给使用者带来了很多娱乐效果。与它们相比，Email更像是步入不惑的中年人，和时尚流行渐渐脱节。 　　效率让Email说拜拜 　　“我最喜欢IM的原因是，你可以邀请第三方加入对话，就好像电话的多方通话功能一样，比起这些，Email显得好无聊、好沉闷。”在中国传媒大学大一学生张诗如看来，网络就像一个族群，发一条讯息，几分钟之内，感兴趣的人马上就会答复你，大大节省了复制、转发的时间。“这周要开圣诞舞会，我就把信息放在了MSN签名、开心网动态区、 Facebook留言板上，如今已经有70多人回复了。” 　　在现代科技的帮助下，时尚、快捷、简易才是现代人所追求的。“在过去的20 年中，Email成为人们在互联网上交流的主要模式，但这并不代表Email不会被代替。”TalkTalk的传媒总监马克·史密德告诉本报记者，在这个信息高速发展的社会，效率显得尤为重要。现在越来越多的人更倾向于一种快速简短的沟通方式。根据这一趋势，Email的未来并不乐观，很有可能在10年之后就会渐渐退出历史舞台。“比如，我只有在上班的时候才会去查邮件，那么你的采访就要耽误2天的时间，可在Facebook上，2分钟就解决了。”马克说。 http://world.people.com.cn/GB/10629377.html