年底大贴——TPO阅读疑难问题汇总解答

lought1234UID：2746121

149# benja


我對tpo12 chinese pottery 的 第12題 也有樣的疑惑

Trade between the West and the settled and prosperous Chinese dynastiesintroduced new forms and differenttechnologies. One of the most far-reaching examples is the impact of the fineninth-century AD. Chinese porcelainwares imported into the Arab world. So admired were these pieces that theyencouraged the development of earthenware made in imitation of porcelain and instigatedresearch into the method of their manufacture.

these pirces指的應該是這些chinese porcelain
最接近的答案應該是(4) pots才對啊 怎麼會是(2) discriptions呢？
如果答案真是(2) 那 [descriptions]是指什麼啊？ （還用到複數 表示不只一種description)

還請版上高手幫忙解惑

wyacUID：2633619

149# benja


我對tpo12 chinese pottery 的 第12題 也有樣的疑惑

Trade between the West and the settled and prosperous Chinese dynastiesintroduced new forms and differenttechnologies. One of the  ...
lought1234 发表于 2010-2-12 11:29

LS用的应该是5.0版的文勇阅读吧！这道题对应的不是第四段而应该是第六段：
Paragraph 6：From early times pots were used in both religious and secular contexts. The imperial court commissioned work and in the Yuan dynasty (A.D. 1279-1368) an imperial ceramic factory was established at Jingdezhen. Pots played an important part in some religious ceremonies. Long and often lyrical descriptions of the different types of ware exist that assist in classifying pots, although these sometimes confuse an already large and complicated picture.，
这里是5.0版本的一个瑕疵！5.5版的已经改正过来啦！这里去下载：https://bbs.gter.net/bbs/thread-1058172-1-1.html

lought1234UID：2746121

182# wyac

wyac真是太感謝你了

winterflyfeiUID：2689736

Powering the Industrial Revolution(TPO6)       
13.The Industrial Revolution would not have been possible without a new source of power that was efficient, movable，and continuously available．
    ●       
    ●
    ●
    Answer Choices
1.        In the early eighteenth century, Savery and Newcomen discovered that expanding steam could be used to raise a piston in a cylinder.
2.  Watt’s steam engine played a leading role in greatly increasing industrial production of all kinds.
3.  Until the 1830s，Britain was the world’s major producer of steam engines.
4.  In the mid-1700s James Watt transformed an inefficient steam pump into a fast，flexible，fuel-efficient engine.
5.  In the 1 790s William Murdoch developed a new way of lighting houses and streets using coal gas.  
6.  The availability of steam engines was a major factor in the development of railroads，which solved a major transportation problem .
答案是 246 我选124

Mason.PDUID：2592013

求翻译
TPO12  Which Hand Did They Use?
第一段后半句
Even though the paint was often sprayed on by mouth, one can assume that the dominant hand assisted in the operation. One also has to make the assumption that hands were stenciled palm downward—a left hand stenciled palm upward might of course look as if it were a right hand. Of 158 stencils in the French cave of Gargas, 136 have been identified as left, and only 22 as right; right-handedness was therefore heavily predominant.
难词+长句 折腾死我了

chara200901UID：2766076

TPO14 maya water problems
The likely explanation is the an area of underground freshwater underlies the Yucatan Peninsula, but surface elevation increases from north to south, so that as one moves south the land surface lies increasingly higher above the water table. In the northern peninsula the elevation is sufficiently low that the ancient Maya were able to reach the water table at deep sinkholes, the Maya would have been able to get down to the water table by digging wells up to 75 feet (22 meters) deep. But much of the south lies too high above the water table for cenotes or well to karst, a porous sponge-like limestone terrain where rain straight into the ground and where little or no surface water remains available.
6.Which of the following statements about the availability of water in the Mayan homeland is supported by paragraph 3?

A.The construction of wells was an uncommon practice in both the north and the south because it was too difficult to dig through the karst.

B.In most areas in the north and the south, rainwater was absorbed directly into the porous karst.

C.The water table was an important resource for agriculture in both the north and the south of the Yucatan Peninsula.

D.The lack of surface water in both the north and the south was probably due to the fact that most of it was quickly used up for agricultural purposes.
答案选B，但是我一开始选C,我想请教一下各位，原文黑体部分的意思，我的理解是：南部地势太高以至于不能形成喀斯特地貌，也就是不能存储地下水，而存在地表水？
而B的选项说南部有KARST?原文最后一句说南部不能形成KARST?

yangtianchengUID：2731530

支持

lought1234UID：2746121

求翻译
TPO12  Which Hand Did They Use?
第一段后半句
Even though the paint was often sprayed on by mouth, one can assume that the dominant hand assisted in the operation. One also has to make the as ...
Mason.PD 发表于 2010-2-15 00:16

我剛好也做到這題 對這題大概有個譜

Even though the paint was often sprayed on by mouth
雖然壁畫通常都是靠嘴巴噴灑 （以前的tpo閱讀裡有提到 原始人利用鳥獸的骨頭當吹管 將顏料噴灑於壁上）

one can assume that the dominant hand assisted in the operation.
我們可以假設常用的那隻手在作畫的過程中會提供協助 （也就是說沒用到的那支手就會靠在牆上以保持平衡 進而留下手印 stencils)

One also has to make the assumption that hands were stenciled palm downward
而我們也必須假設這些手印都是用掌心壓印出來的 （我沒把downward翻出來 因為翻成朝下 會曲解文章的意思  ）

—a left hand stenciled palm upward might of course look as if it were a right hand.
如果是用左手手背壓出掌印，那就會被誤認為是用右手壓出掌印

Of 158 stencils in the French cave of Gargas, 136 have been identified as left, and only 22 as right; right-handedness was therefore heavily predominant.
158個French cave of Gargas掌印中，有136個被鑑定為左手掌印，只有22個是右手掌印，因此右癟子可說是佔了相當多數。

翻的不好 請多包含

lought1234UID：2746121

188# lought1234

tpo12 Which Hand Did They Use?


文章
Paragraph 1：We all know that many more people today are right-handedthan left-handed. Can one trace this same patternfar back in prehistory? Much of the evidence about right-hand versus left-handdominance comes from stencils andprints found in rock shelters in Australia and elsewhere, and in many Ice Age cavesin France, Spain, and Tasmania. When a left hand has been stenciled, thisimplies that the artist was right-handed, andvice versa. Even though the paint was often sprayed on by mouth, one can assume that the dominant hand assisted in the operation.One also has to make the assumption that hands were stenciled palm downward—a left hand stenciled palm upwardmight of course look as if it were aright hand. Of 158 stencils in the French cave of Gargas, 136 have beenidentified as left, and only 22 as right; right-handedness was thereforeheavily predominant.

Paragraph 2：Cave art furnishes other types ofevidence of this phenomenon. Most engravings, for example, are best lit fromthe left, as befits the work of right-handed artists, who generally prefer tohave the light source on
the left so that the shadow of their hand doesnot fall on the tip of the engraving tool or brush. In the few cases where an Ice Age figure is depicted holdingsomething, it is mostly, though not always, in the right hand.


題目
5. All of the following are mentioned in paragraphs 1 and 2 as evidence ofright-handedness in art and artists EXCEPT
○ the ideal source oflighting for most engravings
○ the fact that a left handstenciled palm upward might look like a right hand
○ the prevalence of outlinesof left hands
○ figures in prehistoricart holding objects with the right hand

我選C  但是答案是B

我的想法是 文中提到a left hand stenciled palm upward might of course look as if it were a right hand. 不就是提到了B這個選項嗎？
而 Ｃ選項説左手比較盛行，但是文章提到right-handedness was therefore heavily predominant. 所以C跟文章內容相反
所以應該選C才對啊 怎麼會是B勒？

adrianobeanUID：2677980

TPO11 Begging by Nestlings

Paragraph 2：Further evidence for the costs of begging comes from a study of differences in the begging calls of warbler species that nest on the ground versus those that nest in the relative safety of trees. The young of ground-nesting warblers produce begging cheeps of higher frequencies than do their tree-nesting relatives. These higher-frequency sounds do not travel as far, and so may better conceal the individuals producing them, who are especially vulnerable to predators in their ground nests. David Haskell created artificial nests with clay eggs and placed them on the ground beside a tape recorder that played the begging calls of either tree-nesting or of ground-nesting warblers. The eggs “advertised” by the tree-nesters' begging calls were found bitten significantly more often than the eggs associated with the ground-nesters' calls.

4. Paragraph 2 indicates that the begging calls of tree nesting warblers
○ put them at more risk than ground-nesting warblers experience
○ can be heard from a greater distance than those of ground-nesting warblers
○ are more likely to conceal the signaler than those of ground-nesting warblers
○ have higher frequencies than those of ground nesting warblers

答案是B。为什么不能选A呢？文中不是说它更容易受到伤害吗？

adrianobeanUID：2677980

TPO11 Orientation and Navigation

Paragraph 5：In experimenting with artificial suns, Kramer made another interesting discovery. If the artificial Sun remained stationary, the birds would shift their direction with respect to it at a rate of about 15 degrees per hour, the Sun's rate of movement across the sky. Apparently, the birds were assuming that the "Sun" they saw was moving at that rate. When the real Sun was visible, however, the birds maintained a constant direction as it moved across the sky. In other words, they were able to compensate for the Sun's movement. This meant that some sort of biological clock was operating-and a very precise clock at that.

8. According to paragraph 5, how did the birds fly when the real Sun was visible?
○ They kept the direction of their flight constant.
○ They changed the direction of their flight at a rate of 15 degrees per hour.
○ They kept flying toward the Sun.
○ They flew in the same direction as the birds that were seeing the artificial Sun

答案是A。为什么D不对呢？文中说maintained a constant direction 就是维持方向不变，也就是说看到真太阳和假太阳鸟保持方向不变啊

chara200901UID：2766076

回复adrianobean的帖子
“TPO11 Begging by Nestlings; b1 G" o! s+ @) r
7 d+ O) ?! u5 y7 X4 I" R* K% e
Paragraph 2：Further evidence for the costs of begging comes from a study of differences in the begging calls of warbler species that nest on the ground versus those that nest in the relative safety of trees. The young of ground-nesting warblers produce begging cheeps of higher frequencies than do their tree-nesting relatives. These higher-frequency sounds do not travel as far, and so may better conceal the individuals producing them, who are especially vulnerable to predators in their ground nests. David Haskell created artificial nests with clay eggs and placed them on the ground beside a tape recorder that played the begging calls of either tree-nesting or of ground-nesting warblers. The eggs “advertised” by the tree-nesters' begging calls were found bitten significantly more often than the eggs associated with the ground-nesters' calls.. e* Z4 o1 q, l" }9 P; q
Paragraph 2 indicates that the begging calls of tree nesting warblers
A.put them at more risk than ground-nesting warblers experience
B.can be heard from a greater distance than those of ground-nesting warblers8 z7 \8 u4 T/ Y0 F( W( ^
C.are more likely to conceal the signaler than those of ground-nesting warblers
D.have higher frequencies than those of ground nesting warblers6 j4 j& C" F' e+ i4 T8 q
" Z7 [# c, b6 o6 B% L; r* d+ N$ R* O8 v
答案是B。为什么不能选A呢？文中不是说它更容易受到伤害吗？”

注意：不能选A，因为A说是BEGGING CALLS使TREE WARBLERS更危险，BEGGING CALLS是两者共同点，不同点应是FREQUENCEY。
选B，是推断的，原文说these higher frequency doesn't travel as far,which infers that tree warblers got lower frequency that travels a greater distance.

wilsonsunUID：2768262

dingdingding

rainbowligUID：2780374

ETS官方模考题& F( h9 s6 e( c( [

Meteorite Impact and Dinosaur Extinction
Paragraph 7: Earth is a target in a cosmic shooting gallery, subject to random violent events that were unsuspected a few decades ago. In 1991 the United States Congress asked NASA to investigate the
hazard posed today by large impacts on Earth. The group conducting the study concluded from a detailed
analysis that impacts from meteorites can indeed be hazardous. Although there is always some risk that a
large impact could occur, careful study shows that this risk is quite small.
11. Which of the sentences below best expresses the essential information in the highlighted sentence in
the passage? Incorrect choices change the meaning in important ways or leave out essential information.
􀂅 Until recently, nobody realized that Earth is exposed to unpredictable violent impacts from space.
􀂅 In the last few decades, the risk of a random violent impact from space has increased.
􀂅 Since most violent events on Earth occur randomly, nobody can predict when or where they will
happen.
􀂅 A few decades ago, Earth became the target of random violent events originating in outer space.
为什么选1阿，这句话什么意思啊，其中也没有人们认识到的意思啊？谢谢赐教，谢谢！！