Issue184=美丽G程小组=小组第一次作业 by Melody

claire530UID: 2363559

"It is a grave mistake to theorize before one has data."提纲：
第一段： 综述data is important.
第二段：在自然科学理论建立方面data不可或缺。例子：Woodward’s theory.
在社会学理论的建立方面data也占据了一席之地。例子：Middle-range theory
第三段：没有数据的支持理论不被认可。例子：oasis theory
第四段：总结

Data is one of the most important constituents of a theory.
It is a real consequence of the experiment founded on the reality. With its authenticity and correctness, public will be easier to understand and admit the theory which makes the data more convincible. Its correctness, authenticity and persuasiveness lay the indispensability in the composition of the theory. Without the support of data, Hypothesis is never going to be a theory.

Data turns a hypothesis into a theory. It is a way to prove the reality of the hypothesis and shows the phenomenon and real conclusion. As data based on quantities of researches and surveys, it is a mirror to the fact. For this reason, data is used as a as a supplementary support for the argumentation of the hypothesis thus collecting data is widely used in the scientific research. For instance, Robert Burns Woodward, as one of the most famous chemistry scientist, collected together a large amount of empirical data, and then devised a series of rules later called the Woodward's rules. He was awarded the Nobel Prize in 1965. It is not hard to imagine that without the data support his assumption. the theory has difficulty to be accepted by the public since there is no more convenient and convincible way for the public to learn about the theory directly. In fact, not only the scientific theories, but also the sociological theories need the data to be approbated by the public. The sociological theory as the middle-range theory, raised by Robert K. Merton, is founded upon limited ranges of empirical data. These theories must be constructed with observed data in order to create theoretical problems and to be incorporated in proposals that allow empirical testing.

Furthermore, data plays a role of consequence in the establishment of the theory. The lack of the support of the data would lead to disapproval of the theory because evidence is not enough. For example, the oasis theory, which is proposed by Raphael Pumpelly in 1908, cites that as the climate got drier, communities contracted to oasis where they were forced into close association with animals which were then domesticated together with planting of seeds. The theory got little support from the academicians for the reason that the climate data for the time does not support the theory. Obviously, data occupies a decisive position in the foundation of the theory. If data is false to prove, the theory is not to be authorized by the public

In sum, data plays an extremely significant role in the foundation of the theories. It transcend the sheer description of phenomenon, work as the most persuasive evidence to support the demonstration and help the argument of the assumption achieves acknowledge of the public. It essentiality and fundamentality cannot be ignored. It is a huge mistake in the construction of a theory before owing sufficient data.

jessicamarineUID: 2595044

"It is a grave mistake to theorize before one has data."提纲：
第一段： 综述data is important.
第二段：在自然科学理论建立方面data不可或缺。例子：Woodward’s theory.
在社会学理论的建立方面data也占据了一席之地。例子：Middle-range theory
第三段：没有数据的支持理论不被认可。例子：oasis theory
第四段：总结

文章采取完全同意观点，具体论证在于二三两端，建议将二段中的自然科学与社会科学论证再添些骨肉，分成两端来写。猜测作者思路是2段正说，3段反证，这样就要在正说当中大捧特捧大量数据是多么令人信服，3段反证的还不错
Data is one of the most important constituents of a theory.
It （data更好些，反映了半天，呵呵）is a real consequence of the experiment founded on the reality. With its authenticity and correctness, public will be easier to understand and admit the theory which makes the data more convincible. Its correctness, authenticity and persuasiveness lay the indispensability in the composition of the theory. Without the support of data, Hypothesis is never going to be a theory.
总说不错，是不是我粘贴的有问题，第一句和后面的应该是一段的吧，如果不是，有点突兀

Data turns （是turn吗，我觉的帮助证明更合适）a hypothesis into a theory. It is a way to prove the reality of the hypothesis and shows the phenomenon and real conclusion. As data based（s） on quantities of researches and surveys, it is a mirror to the fact. For this reason, data is used as a as a supplementary support for the argumentation of the hypothesis thus collecting data is widely used in the scientific research. For instance, Robert Burns Woodward, as one of the most famous chemistry scientist, collected together a large amount of empirical data, and then devised a series of rules later called the Woodward's rules. He was awarded the Nobel Prize in 1965（如果此处说成他的数据是多么具有震撼力说服力，从而帮助他的定理大获全胜，而此人又因此而得了诺贝尔……侃嘛，为了说服，再侃都不过分）. It is not hard to imagine（个人觉得hard to imagine 后面一般说成反问句更有说服力，而作者后面却又说的那样凿凿肯定，建议就把hard to imagine 改成说‘可以肯定的说’之类的话) that without the data support his assumption. the theory has difficulty to be accepted by the public since there is no more convenient and convincible way for the public to learn about the theory directly. In fact, not only the scientific theories, but also the sociological theories need the data to be approbated by the public. The sociological theory as the middle-range theory, raised by Robert K. Merton, is founded upon limited ranges of empirical data. These theories must be constructed with observed data in order to create theoretical problems and to be incorporated in proposals that allow empirical testing.

Furthermore,(加个as更好些，把这句句号变逗号，和下句连起来作为本段主题句） data plays a role of consequence in the establishment of the theory. The lack of the support of the data would lead to disapproval of the theory because evidence is not enough. For example, the oasis theory, which is（删） proposed by Raphael Pumpelly in 1908, cites that as the climate got drier, communities contracted to oasis where they were forced into close association with animals which were then domesticated together with planting of seeds. The theory got little support from the academicians for the reason that the climate data for the time does not support the theory. Obviously, data occupies a decisive position in the foundation of the theory. If data is false to prove（proved false), the theory is not to be authorized by the public

In sum, data plays an extremely significant role in the foundation of the theories. It transcend the sheer description of phenomenon, work as the most persuasive evidence to support the demonstration and help the argument of the assumption achieves acknowledge of the public. It essentiality and fundamentality cannot be ignored. It is a huge mistake in the construction of a theory before owing sufficient data


总评：全同意的文章很难写，采用反证是个好办法。
结构上的建议前面说了，语言上看到很多很牛的词汇哦，不认识，呵呵。
修正过后的M写文章不像我们模板化这么严重了，在段首句可以看出来。
语言衔接上再下些功夫，肯能时间长没有些了，觉得不够润滑
例子不错