【反衬】TPO阅读疑难解答贴--索引版(欢迎各位同学提问)

hycqyUID: 2819662

32# 反衬 那我把这个帖子置顶啦！

反衬UID: 2328867

32# 反衬 那我把这个帖子置顶啦！
hycqy 发表于 2011-2-13 18:59

谢谢，谢谢。Happy Valentine's Day

野豌豆UID: 2738317

好贴终于出炉 ！！！支持！不过为何不弄到19呢？呵呵

反衬UID: 2328867

好贴终于出炉 ！！！支持！不过为何不弄到19呢？呵呵
野豌豆 发表于 2011-2-15 16:26

发帖比较早，那时候只出到17。18 和19我会随后更新

hycqyUID: 2819662

出处TPO13
问题：which can be inferred from paragraph 2?
原文：
◆ People are bound within relationships by two types of bonds: expressive ties and instrumental ties. Expressive ties are social links formed when we emotionally invest ourselves in and commit ourselves to other people. Through association with people who are meaningful to us, we achieve a sense of security, love, acceptance, companionship, and personal worth. Instrumental ties are social links formed when we cooperate with other people to achieve some goal. Occasionally, this may mean working with instead of against competitors. More often, we simply cooperate with others to reach some end without endowing the relationship with any larger significance.
答案：1)Instrumental ties can develop even in situations in which people would normally not cooperate.
        2)Instrumental ties require as much emotional investments as expressive ties.
        3)Instrumental ties involve security, love and acceptance
        4)Instrumental ties should be expected to be significant
我选的是4），可答案是1），一直不明白为什么，求解答，谢谢

反衬UID: 2328867

出处TPO13
问题：which can be inferred from paragraph 2?
原文：
◆ People are bound within relationships by two types of bonds: expressive ties and instrumental ties. Expressive ties are social link ...
hycqy 发表于 2011-2-17 12:33

回答了， 详情请看16楼

Go2011GoUID: 3006241

Glaciers are open systems, with snow as the system’s input and meltwater as the system' s main output. The glacial system is governed by two basic climatic variables: precipitation and temperature. For a glacier to grow or maintain its mass, there must be sufficient snowfall to match or exceed the annual loss through melting, evaporation, and calving, which occurs when the glacier loses solid chunks as icebergs to the sea or to large lakes. If summer temperatures are high for too long, then all the snowfall from the previous winter will melt. Surplus snowfall is essential for a glacier to develop. A surplus allows snow to accumulate and for the pressure of snow accumulated over the years to transform buried snow into glacial ice with a depth great enough for the ice to flow. Glaciers are sometimes classified by temperature as faster-flowing temperate glaciers or as slower-flowing polar glaciers.

Paragrapht 2 (the above) implies that which of the following condition produces the fastest moving glaciers?
1. the climate characteristic of the polar region
2. a thick layer of ice in the temperate climate
3. long warm summer
4. snow, firn and ice that have been buried for many years.

答案是2.怎么看出来的呢，难道是“ Glaciers are sometimes classified by temperature as faster-flowing temperate glaciers or as slower-flowing polar glaciers. ”

vivianhoUID: 2523273

可不可以请反衬老师帮忙解答一下5楼的一些问题呢?

TPO3第一篇
Paragraph 6: Much of the world’s great architecture has been constructed of stone because of its beauty, permanence, and availability. In the past, whole cities grew from the arduous task of cutting and piling stone upon. Some of the world’s finest stone architecture can be seen in the ruins of the ancient Inca city of Machu Picchu high in the eastern Andes Mountains of Peru. The doorways and windows are made possible by placing over the open spaces thick stone beams that support the weight from above. A structural invention had to be made before the physical limitations of stone could be overcome and new architectural forms could be created. That invention was the arch, a curved structure originally made of separate stone or brick segments. The arch was used by the early cultures of the Mediterranean area chiefly for underground drains, but it was the Romans who first developed and used the arch extensively in aboveground structures. Roman builders perfected the semicircular arch made of separate blocks of stone. As a method of spanning space, the arch can support greater weight than a horizontal beam. It works in compression to divert the weight above it out to the sides, where the weight is borne by the vertical elements on either side of the arch. The arch is among the many important structural breakthroughs that have characterized architecture throughout the centuries.


11．According to paragraph6, which of the following statements is true of the arch?
○The Romans were the first people to use the stone arch.
○The invention of the arch allowed new architectural forms to be developed.
○The arch worked by distributing the structural of a building toward the center of the arch.
○The Romans followed earlier practices in their use of arches.
怎么排除A选项？是因为有stone么？


第三篇
14
○The changes that occur in an ecosystem from the pioneer to the climax community can be seen in one human generation.
○A high degree of species diversity does not always result in a stable ecosystem.
○The level of resilience in a plant community contributes to its long-term stability.
○Ecologists agree that climax communities are the most stable types of ecosystems.
○Disagreements over the meaning of the term “stability” make it difficult to identify the most stable ecosystems.
○The resilience of climax communities makes them resistant to destruction caused by humans.
不明白5为什么对，6为什么错，求解答。

还有第二篇
Paragraph 4：Even development in architecture has been the result of major technological changes. Materials and methods of construction are integral

parts of the design of architecture structures. In earlier times it was necessary to design structural systems suitable for the materials that were available, such as wood, stone, brick. Today technology has progressed to the point where it is possible to invent new building materials to suit the type of structure desired. Enormous changes in materials and techniques of construction within the last few generations have made it possible to enclose space with much greater ease and speed and with a minimum of material. Progress in this area can be measured by the difference in weight between buildings built now and those of comparable size built one hundred ago.

7. In paragraph 4, what does the author imply about modern buildings?
○They occupy much less space than buildings constructed one hundred years ago.
○They are not very different from the building of a few generations ago.
○They weigh less in relation to their size than buildings constructed one hundred years ago.
○They take a long time to build as a result of their complex construction methods.
不明白为神马选3,总觉得定位画底线那句跟3讲的是两回事


谢谢!!!

反衬UID: 2328867

Glaciers are open systems, with snow as the system’s input and meltwater as the system' s main output. The glacial system is governed by two basic climatic variables: precipitation and temperature. F ...
Go2011Go 发表于 2011-2-19 11:07

请看第18楼

whf901026UID: 3001668

题目出处：tpo15
部分原文：
Paragraph 3: What could cause such high rates of extinction? There are several hypotheses, including warming or cooling of Earth, changes in seasonal fluctuations or ocean currents, and changing positions of the continents. Biological hypotheses include ecological changes brought about by the evolution of cooperation between insects and flowering plants or of bottom-feeding predators in the oceans. Some of the proposed mechanisms required a very brief period during which all extinctions suddenly took place; other mechanisms would be more likely to have taken place more gradually, over an extended period, or at different times on different continents. Some hypotheses fad to account for simultaneous extinctions on land and in the seas. Each mass extinction may have had a different cause. Evidence points to hunting by humans and habitat destruction as the likely causes for the current mass extinction.
问题：
1.
According to paragraph 3, each of the following has been proposed as a possible cause of mass extinctions EXCEPT
○habitat destruction
○continental movement
○fierce interspecies competition
○changes in Earth's tem perature
答案：3
我的疑问：文中怎么看出第一个选项的根据？

反衬UID: 2328867

题目出处：tpo15
部分原文：
Paragraph 3: What could cause such high rates of extinction? There are several hypotheses, including warming or cooling of Earth, changes in seasonal fluctuations or ocean ...
whf901026 发表于 2011-3-1 10:45

最后一句
Evidence points to hunting by humans and habitat destruction as the likely causes for the current mass extinction.

黑体字

周越峰UID: 3008658

tpo6的第二篇十九题
答案选择B
C/D选项明显是错误 B选项我觉得不对啊 文中没有提及hear told啊 A选项也不知道是哪里错了 希望可以给我解释一下 谢谢
原文◆ Three other explanations seem more promising. One involves physiological changes relevant to memory. Maturation of the frontal lobes of the brain continues throughout early childhood, and this part of the brain may be critical for remembering particular episodes in ways that can be retrieved later. Demonstrations of infants’ and toddlers’ long-term memory have involved their repeating motor activities that they had seen or done earlier, such as reaching in the dark for objects, putting a bottle in a doll's mouth, or pulling apart two pieces of a toy. The brain's level of physiological maturation may support these types of memories, but not ones requiring explicit verbal descriptions.
题目
What does paragraph 3 suggest about long-term memory in children?
A Maturation of the frontal lobes of the brain is important for the long-term memory of motor activities but not verbal descriptions
B young children may form long-term memories of actions they see earlier than of things they hear or are told

反衬UID: 2328867

tpo6的第二篇十九题
答案选择B
C/D选项明显是错误 B选项我觉得不对啊 文中没有提及hear told啊 A选项也不知道是哪里错了 希望可以给我解释一下 谢谢
原文◆ Three other explanations seem more promising. One i ...
周越峰 发表于 2011-3-5 00:42

请看第一页第7楼

isaxUID: 2765201

题目出处： TPO17 第一篇第8题
题目原文：
Paragraph 3: The principal seagoing ship used throughout the Middle Ages was the galley, along, low ship fitted with sails but driven primarily by oars. The largest galleys had as many as 50 oarsmen. Since they had relatively shallow hulls, they were unstable when driven by sail or when on rough water: hence they were unsuitable for the voyage to the East. Even if they hugged the African coastline, they had little chance of surviving a crossing of the Indian Ocean Shortly after 1400. 【Shipbuilders began developing a new type of vessel properly designed to operate in rough, open water: the caravel. It had a wider and deeper hull than the galley and hence could carry more cargo: increased stability made it possible to add multiple masts and sails. In the largest caravels, two main masts held large square sails that provided the bulk of the thrust driving the ship forward, while a smaller forward mast held a triangular-shaped sail, called a lateen sail, which could be moved into a variety of positions to maneuver the ship. 】

题目选项：
8. According to paragraph 3, what did the lateen sail contribute to the caravel as a sailing ship?
○It provided stability far the front part of the ship.
○It made it possible for the hull to be wider and deeper.
○It added considerably to the speed of the wind-driven ship.
○It improved the capacity of the ship to be guided.
答案：4
疑问所在：
我在【】中找答案，一开始选的是1，
不知道1哪里错了，也不理解哪里得到了lateen sail(斜挂大三角帆) 对增加船的容量有贡献，
上面不是说called a lateen sail, which could be moved into a variety of positions to maneuver the ship. 没提增加容量啊

还有问一下这句话的意思，
It had a wider and deeper hull than the galley and hence could carry more cargo: increased stability made it possible to add multiple masts and sails.
冒号：的作用是什么？

谢谢！

vivitangsonUID: 2985261

题目出处：TPO18第三篇 Lightening 闪电)  FLightening8 K3 F+ ]6 A$ k5 @: y8 X
" L$ `1 i. d9 c+ K! T
题目原文：
Most lightning takes place within a cloud when the charge separation within the cloud collapses. However, as the storm cloud develops, the ground beneath the cloud becomes positively charged and lightning can take place in the form of an electrical discharge between the negative charge of the cloud and the positively charged ground. 【Lightning that strikes the ground is the most likely to be destructive】, so even though it represents only 20 percent of all lightning, it has received a lot of scientific attention.
题目选项：
The author remarks that "Lightning that strikes the ground is the most likely to be destructive" in order to explain why
A.This form of lightening has been investigated so much
C.Scientific understanding of this form of lightening is important. 8 N! f2 g( `; b# a7 {
题目答案：A
疑问所在：为嘛Ｃ不对～　感觉ＴＰＯ越来越接近ＣＥＴ了。。。。。