"风雨与共" 第六天 issue提纲 by 【9】

咖啡盐UID: 2973669

180"Many problems of modern society cannot be solved by lawsand the legal system because moral behavior cannot be legislated."


翻译：现代社会的许多问题是法律和司法体系不能解决的因为道德行为无法用法律去约束。


破题：

1. 律已经解决了很多社会问题。如：商业犯罪，破坏民主、夺人私有财产等。人们都照法律来行事是社会和谐、稳定的前提。但是有些事情是法律触及不到的，如家庭暴力，子女抚养权等。


2. 还有些地区的风俗习惯或约定俗称的传统观念一样不受法律的约束。如：在一些土著地区依旧可以一夫多妻制，有身份的人杀了人可以用钱来买命等。还有些法律虽然认可了，但道德风俗上却不认可：同性婚姻。


3. 我们是否需要将法律细化融入道德行为的方方面面？答案是不行的，这样使得法律条文更加死板，让人觉得会受到太多拘束，反而不适于法律规范的普及。应该法律规范与道德行为相辅相成。


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119"When research priorities are being set for science,education, or any other area, the most important question to consider is: Howmany people's lives will be improved if the results are successful?"


翻译：当研究的优先权被给予科学、教育或其他领域时，最需要被考虑的问题是：如果科研成功了，多少人会从中受益？


破题：

1. Admittedly, 一些立即见效的研究that能够解决现在最urgent 社会问题的学科应该鼓励, such as 通信，medicine，economy，法律 education, politics.The fact also proves that these realms are the most developed and attract many elites.


2. 有一些短期内看起来没什么用的领域，长期看会很有用。哲学、文学、历史、数学、物理都是可以影响人一生的，同时，融入进了一些速效的领域。


3. 如果都只去看certain areas，许多的资源和许多的才能会被浪费掉。交叉学科
新兴学科，other causes should beconsidered also, how long, how much,risk and so on. and also it will drive allresearcher to the same direction, which will influence the development of otherfields or other less necessary directions.



4. 不能直接从收益的标准来衡量一个领域或学科的价值。让其平衡发展。按照经济学的观点，那些已经兴旺发达的学科，政府不需给予太多关注，否则几年后供大于求；而那些现在默默无闻的边缘学科interdisciplinary今后可能是很有用的学科，需要给予扶持


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85"Government funding of the arts threatens the integrity ofthe arts."


翻译：政府对艺术的资助威胁着艺术的完整性。


破题：


1. Art, as a kind of cultural intermediary, hassignificant impact on human’s social civilization and plays an irreplaceablerole on improving the development of culture.


2. Government’s financial supportis necessary or, to some extent, essential for the reason that most artisticendeavors do not receive profits, especially those young artists. In addition,many artists are unwilling to sell their works as they do not want their worksto be treated as mere commodities.


3. Some kinds of art are immaterial, such as language, custom, whichcan not be kept by a group or an individual. Authority should come to the stageand protect these things from extinction.



4. The government’sinterference is inevitable if it gets involved in art. Through art works we can not only observe the politicalvalues of a people, but also psychological conditions and emotions. Informationabout the daily activities of that time can be provided vividly by art. So,art’s subjectivity reflecting emotions and opinions serves as a supplement.



5. Certainly,government should support arts, but in order to maintain the integrity of thearts, artists should first have the right to create works freely. Art is not a instrumentor method for government to preserve their domination.