只要托福，不需gre，美国物理博士 temple university physics department

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美国物理博士 temple university physics department

只要求托福，不要求gre。

        Radioactive Materials and the Surrounding Atmosphere

   

   

        Atmosphere     Mass-Spectra Study the Interaction between Gamma Ray and Atmosphere

   

        Geant4     Simulation the Interaction between Gamma Ray and Atmosphere

   

    Ultra     Sensitive Radiation Material Detector       

   

   

        Energy     Saving:       

   

   

        Small Angle     Neutron Scattering Study Nano Scale Electro-Rheological     Structure Changing (NIST & Temple)

   

        Electric     Field or Magnetic Field Treatment Reduce the Viscosity of Crude oil, Heavy     Crude oil, Diesel  and Bio-Diesel. (Temple & Tohoku University)   

   

想申请的请联系。动作快的，春季还有希望。

epdu@temple.edu
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more information

Rongjia Tao                                         

Professor & Department Chair Ph.D., Columbia University                     APS Fellow
Office:	BA212
Phone:	215-204-7651
Fax:	215-204-5652
Email:	rtao@temple.edu
Research Interests:                                     (1) Energy Science.                       Presently, among all energy sources, liquid fuels,  including crude oil, biodiesel, ethane, etc, are the leading source. The  viscosity of liquid fuels plays an important role in energy production and  energy conservation. For example, reducing viscosity of crude oil can speed up its  transportation via pipelines and is the key to extract oil from oil sands and  oil shale. Currently, the dominant method to reduce viscosity of complex fluid is  to raise its temperature. This does not only require a large amount of energy, but also  raises concerns of the green house effect in case of crude oil production and  transportation.               Recently, based on the  basic physics of viscosity, we developed a new technology, which utilizes an electric  or magnetic field to change the rheology of complex fluid to reduce its  viscosity, while keeping the temperature unchanged. The method is universal and applicable to all  complex fluids with suspended particles in nano-meters, sub-micrometers, or micrometers.  This technology is energy-efficient since it only requires small amount of  energy to aggregate the suspended particles.             When this method was applied to  crude oil, the exciting results led the American Chemical Society to make a press  release on August 23, 2006.  Recently we applied this technology to refinery fuels for an efficient fuel  injection. The exciting results led the American Chemical Society to make  another press release on Sept. 25, 2008.             Currently we are working on projects  related to oil recovery from oil sands, off-shore oil  transportation, heavy crude oil transportation, biodiesel production, and  efficient fuel injection to improve the efficiency of internal combustion  engines.                                           (2) Formation of high temperature superconducting balls                     Self-aggregation into a ball is very rare in nature.  Application of electric field further destroys space's isotropy. However, we  have found that an electric field could drive high Tc superconducting (HTSC)  particles into a ball. The experiment uses micrometer-size HTSC powders in  liquid nitrogen. When a strong dc field is applied, the dispersed particles  quickly form big balls, bouncing between the electrodes. If the temperature is  above Tc, the balls disappear. Our current understanding relates this phenomenon  to a new positive surface energy induced by surface charges on the HTSC  particles. After an electric field is applied, HTSC particles pick up charges  from the electrodes. These charges stay at the particles' surface, forming a  thin charged layer. When the electric field within the layer is strong enough,  it depletes Cooper pairs within the layer. This loss of superconducting  condensation energy becomes a positive surface energy. Its minimization leads  to the ball formation. As reported by Physics Today (p.9, Feb. 2000), Science  News (VI 57, p2 1, Jan.8, 2000), and Physics News Update (Item  464, 1999), this discovery has received great attention. Our research explores  the basic science and possible applications of this new property of  superconductivity.                                              (3) Smart Fluids, electrorheological (ER) and  magnetorheological (MR) fluids                       In research on smart  fluids, we have focused on the physical mechanisms, phase transitions,  materials, microstructures, and dynamic process. As reported by Nature (V358, 373 (1992)), Scientific American (October, 58 (1993)), (German) Rheology journal (V.3, 284-285, Oct.-Dec. 1993), and New York  Times (9/24/1996), our research in this area has received great attention  and wide interest. On this project, we have extensive cooperation with  industries, such as Ford Motor, Lord Corporation, Nippon Shokubai Co. Ltd. (Japan), Asahi Chemical (Japan), and  Bridgestone/Firestone. Based on our understanding about the microstructure of  MR and ER fluids, we recently invented a novel approach to change the  microstructure of these fluids and produced super-strong MR and ER fluids.  These fluids are about 10 times stronger than conventional MR and ER fluids.  Their impact will be significant.                                              (4) Three-dimensional photonic crystals and  communication                       This research project is focused on 3-D photonic crystals  and their application in communication. We have used irreversible ER and MR  effect to produce 3-D photonic crystals, which have particles in micrometer  size arranged in dielectrics periodically. The metallo-dielectric photonic  crystals produced by this method have robust photonic band gaps. The analogy  between the propagation of electromagnetic waves in photonic crystals and  electron waves in atomic crystals has stimulated the excited research. We  expect 3-D photonic crystals will have important applications in lasers,  optical communications, quantum computers, etc.                                             (5) Nonlinear Optics                       The goal of this project is to convert laser beams into  coherent vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) or soft x-ray radiation by second-harmonic  generation (SHG) of nonlinear optical crystals. Up to date, nonlinear optical  crystals failed to produce SHG in VUV and x-ray region. The main cause is that  these crystals are strongly absorptive in this region. To clarify the issue, we  have developed a theory: absorptive nonlinear crystals can produce strong SHG  signals under a double resonance condition; however, the conventional  configuration does not work; we must use a new configuration, especially use a  crystal film instead of bulk crystals. The preliminary experiment seems to  support the theory. I am confident that a small VUV and X-ray laser suitable  for conventional laboratories will become reality.
Selected Publications:                    "Three-dimensional  Structure of Induced Electrorheological Solid," R. Tao and J. M. Sun, Phys. Rev. Lett. V67, 398-401 (1991).                        "Laser  Diffraction Determination of the Crystalline Structure of an Electrorheological  Fluid," T. J. Chen, R. N. Zitter, and R.  Tao,  Phys. Rev. Lett. V68, 2555-2558  (1992).                        "Simulation  of Structure Formation in an Electrorheological Fluid," R. Tao and Q. Jiang, Phys. Rev. Lett.  V73, 205-208 (1994).                         "Second  Harmonic Generation of Nonlinear Optical Crystals  in Vacuum Ultraviolet and X-Ray Region," T. J. Chen, R. N. Zitter, and R. Tao, Phys. Rev. A V51 706-711  (1995).                        "Formation  of High Temperature Superconducting Balls," R. Tao, X. Zhang, X. Tang, and P. W. Anderson, Phys. Rev. Lett. V.  83, 5575-78 (1999).                        "Path-integral approach to the  statistical physics of random systems", R. Tao,J. of  Statistical Physics, V103, N3/4, 575-588 (2001).                        "Super-strong  Magnetorheological Fluids", R. Tao, Journal of  Physics:Condensed Matter Physics, V13, R979-R999 (2001).   "Three-dimensional dielectric  photonic crystals of body-centered tetragonallattice structure", R.  Tao, D. Xiao, Appl. Phys. Lett. 80, 4702-4704 (2002).                       .   "Electric field induced  formation of low temperature superconducting balls", R. Tao,X.  Xu, Y.C. Lan, and Y. Shiroyanagi, Physica C, 377/ 3, 357-361 (2002).                        "Structure and dynamics of  dipole fluids under strong shear," R. Tao, Int. J. of  Modern Physics B, V17, N16, 3057-3063 (2003).                        "High temperature  superconducting ball formation in low frequency ac fields," R. Tao,  X. Xu, and E. Amr, Phys. Rev. B. V68, 144505-144511 (2003).                         “High temperature superconducting ball  formation in low frequency ac fields,” R.  Tao, X. Xu, and E. Amr, Phys. Rev. B. V68, 144505-144511 (2003).                         “MgB2 superconducting particles in  a strong electric field,” R. Tao, X.  Xu and E. Amr, Physica C, V398, N3-4, 78—84 (2003).                         “Interactions  between a rotating polarized sphere and a stationary one in an electric field,” R. Tao and Y. C. Lan, Physical  Review E 72 (4), 041508-1 to -7, (2005).                      “Structure and Dynamics of Dipolar Fluids  under Strong Shear,” R. Tao,  Chemical Engineering Science, V.  61/7, 2186-2190 (2006).                         “Electrostatic  separation of superconducting particles from a mixture”, R. Tao, X. Xu, D. Khilnaney-Chhabria,  Applied Physics  Letter, 88, 082503-1 to 082502-3  (2006).                        “Reducing  the viscosity of crude oil by pulsed electric or magnetic field,” R. Tao and X. Xu, Energy & Fuels, 20, 2046-2051  (2006).                         “The Physical Mechanism to Reduce Viscosity of  Liquid Suspensions,” R. Tao,  International J. of Modern Physics B, V. 21, N28&29, pp4767-4773 (2007).                        “Structure  of Polydisperse Inverse Ferrofluids: Theory and Computer Simulation,” Y. C.  Jian, Y. Gao, J. P. Huang, and R. Tao,  J. of Physical Chemistry B, 112, pp 715-721 (2008).                         “Electrorheology leads to efficient  combustion,” R. Tao, K. Hunag, H.  Tang, and D. Bell,  Energy & Fuels (to appear on Nov. 19, 2008).

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