请教三道类比和一道阅读题！！！！！！！！！

yui_631UID: 2712302

1、DIVERGE：APART

答案：traverse:across

为什么involve:among不对了呢？


2、REPROVE：REPRIMAND

答案：BLAME：CENSURE

为什么persuade:convince不对呢？也是程度类比吧？


3、MERCENARY：MONEY

答案：vindictive:revenge

为什么belligerent:invasion不对呢？好战的人热衷侵略啊。。



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阅读NO6-3

The use of heat pumps has been held back largely by skepticism about advertisers’ claims that heat pumps can provide as many as two units of thermal energy for each unit of electrical energy used, thus apparently contradicting the principle of energy conservation (energy conservation: 能源节约； 能量守恒［不灭］). Heat pumps circulate a fluid refrigerant that cycles alternatively from its liquid phase to its vapor phase in a closed loop (closed loop: [电]闭环). The refrigerant, starting as a low-temperature, low-pressure vapor, enters a compressor driven by an electric motor. The refrigerant leaves the compressor as a hot, dense vapor and flows through a heat exchanger called the condenser, which transfers heat from the refrigerant to a body of air. Now the refrigerant, as a high-pressure, cooled liquid, confronts a flow restriction which causes the pressure to drop. As the pressure falls, the refrigerant expands and partially vaporizes, becoming chilled. It then passes through a second heat exchanger, the evaporator, which transfers heat from the air to the refrigerant, reducing the temperature of this second body of air. Of the two heat exchangers, one is located inside, and the other one outside the house, so each is in contact with a different body of air: room air and outside air, respectively.
The flow direction of refrigerant through a heat pump is controlled by valves. When the refrigerant flow is reversed, the heat exchangers switch function. This flow-reversal capability allows heat pumps either to heat or cool room air. Now, if under certain conditions a heat pump puts out more thermal energy than it consumes in electrical energy, has the law of energy conservation been challenged? No, not even remotely: the additional input of thermal energy into the circulating refrigerant via the evaporator accounts for the difference in the energy equation.
Unfortunately, there is one real problem. The heating capacity of a heat pump decreases as the outdoor temperature falls. The drop in capacity is caused by the lessening amount of refrigerant mass moved through the compressor at one time. The heating capacity is proportional to this mass flow rate: the less the mass of refrigerant being compressed, the less the thermal load it can transfer through the heat-pump cycle. The volume flow rate of refrigerant vapor through the single-speed rotary compressor used in heat pumps is approximately constant. But cold refrigerant vapor entering a compressor is at lower pressure than warmer vapor. Therefore, the mass of cold refrigerant—and thus the thermal energy it carries—is less than if the refrigerant vapor were warmer before compression.
Here, then, lies a genuine drawback of heat pumps: in extremely cold climates—where the most heat is needed—heat pumps are least able to supply enough heat.

21.
The passage suggests that heat pumps would be used more widely if
(A) they could also be used as air conditioners
(B) they could be moved around to supply heat where it is most needed（我选的B。最后一段说在寒冷的地方（最需要热能的地方），heat pumps很难提供热能；如果能提供，heat pumps能被更广泛应用吧？）
(C) their heat output could be thermostatically controlled
(D) models with truly superior cooling capacity were advertised more effectively（E）
(E) people appreciated the role of the evaporator in the energy equation（答案）

duoxunkingUID: 2754021

1. DIVERGE: to move or extend in different directions from a common point
    TRAVERSE: to go or travel across or over
题干暗示的逻辑关系是：分离：离开，traverse:across指“横穿：穿过”，前后互为同义关系，因此这两组词是对应的。
INVOLVE:to engage as a participant
AMONG: in or through the midst of
INVOLVE牵连、参与的意思比较多，强调的是动作，而AMONG强调的是“在……中”的状态，所以不适合互为反义。

2. PERSUADE: to move by argument, entreaty, or expostulation to a belief, position, or course of action
CONVINCE:to overcome by argument
看到这两个词的解释应该就明白不是程度类比了，程度类比的前提是两个词互为同义词，只是在程度上不一样。而此处，PERSUADE强调的动作是MOVE, CONVINCE强调的动作是OVERCOME，所以不能构成同义，因此不能入选。

3. 我只能说BELLIGERENT和INVASION的必然联系性没有VINDICTIVE和REVENGE来的强。
BELLIGERENT: waging war;  specifically   : belonging to or recognized as a state at war and protected by and subject to the laws of war. LZ可以注意一下specifically后面的部分说明，INVASION不符合条件“protected by and subject to the laws of war”。

不知道解释清楚了没有。阅读无力，求其他大神解答。

George$UID: 2867441

第三题我觉得是 BELLIGERENT对应的是 waging war，而invasion 和 waging war 意思差异比较大，我把invade理解成侵略（侵略可能并不意味着有WAR发生），wage理解成发动战争，

鄙人愚见。