[优秀习作] issue57 书本知识与直接经验，请大家批判！ [复制链接]

happyman2000
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发表于 2003-8-12 13:21:25 |显示全部楼层

Issue 57 "The depth of knowledge to be gained from books is much richer and broader than what can be learned from direct experience."
书本中学的到的知识远比实际经验中学到的知识多。

Admitted it is true that book learning is very crucial to one’s academic or professional success, but one shouldn't go too far to downplay the role of direct experience. As a matter of fact, what people can learn from direct experience is much richer and broader than the depth of book learning, completely contrary to the assertion above.

For one thing, only through direct experience can new knowledge be created. What books tell us is simple the past knowledge. However, many natural and social phenomena still remain unresolved by the current knowledge. No matter how much one learns from books, he/she couldn’t be expected to attain a full appreciation about these phenomena. On this occasion, what scientists and researchers should resort to is not book learning, but direct experience. That is why Galileo experimented thousands of times to generalize his famous law of libel falls, why Edison failed numerous times before his success in inventing bulb light, and why almost all tutors in college and university today exhort their students to turn more to experiments rather than to books for knowledge. All these illustrating examples indicate that human advances not as a result of learning from books, but from direct experience. Therefore, in the respect of creating and accumulating new knowledge, it is entirely wrong by arguing that book knowledge is much richer and broader than what can be learned from direct experience.

Secondly, one couldn't make sure that all book learning is absolutely right. It is not rare that knowledge that had ever been deemed as truth in history later has been proved to be distorted or even completely false. Even in this era when science and technology has developed to a very high level, one shouldn't shape a modern superstition about book learning like our ancestors. This point is especially true in the areas of social science, where knowledge or “truth” changes very rapidly. For example, in the 1960s, most economists told people that Keynesianism was the final “truth” that could resolve all the economic problems in reality. However, in the 1970s and 1980s when serious problems such as inflation emerged as a result of Keynesian policies, economists quickly changed their mainstream views about Keynesianism and almost entirely denied the role of Keynesian policies. Till to today, economists throughout the world begin to attain a somewhat reasonable consensus about Keynesianism that Keynesian policies take positive effect only in the short term and long-term Keyneisan policies merely lead to inflation. However, this consensus shouldn't be regard as new or creative knowledge because many brilliant government officers have long shaped it from their direct experience. This example indicates that people shouldn't unduly believe in book learning and in some times direct experience is more reliable.

Thirdly, only when book learning is combined with direct experience, people can fully appreciate the book learning and thus make a full use of that knowledge. Book learning is always concerned with abstract theories and principles. Though one can attain a certain extent of appreciation about these theories or principles by reading books alone and solitary meditation, one couldn't make sure whether the theories can applied to the practicality and how the theories can be put into effect. Only through direct experience of applying these theories or principles can that person ultimately answer his/her internal confusions and fully appreciate the book learning. All students who have learned how oxygen and hydrogen form into water: it is primarily experiments rather than book learning that convince them of the theory of water’s formation. Therefore, in many cases it is more of the direct experiment that gives people a deep and rich impression than book learning does.

To sum up, direct experience is of the paramount importance forever, which is especially true in the era when book learning has been placed too much emphasis. (636 words)

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feier521
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发表于 2003-8-12 14:02:11 |显示全部楼层

没有什么好改的，但是注意你的shouldn't 等简写，要改成should not
What books tell us is simple(simply) the past knowledge.
his famous law of libel (？？) falls 什么law

Thirdly, only when book learning is combined with direct experience, people can（can people） fully appreciate the book learning and thus make a full use of that knowledge. Book learning is always（？） concerned with abstract theories and principles. Though one can attain a certain extent of appreciation about these theories or principles by reading books alone and solitary （？independent）meditation, one couldn't make sure whether the theories can applied to the practicality and how the theories can be put into effect.

语言很好了，例子也不错。象那个keynesianism ，偶都没有听说过。恕我孤陋寡闻！：）

Never,never,never,never give up !!

双非DIY美硕申请总结

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