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得4分的作文,新东方托福讲义上摘下来的4分范文,但是由于没有写Rating Annotation,所以不知道为什么得四分。。。我觉得除了第二段短了一点其他还不错啊。。。
According to the lecture, the group work was found to have several disadvantage.
First. in a team, those who do not lively participate in the projects could enjoy free time yet gain the benefit from the team's success as the real contributors do. Even though the success is much obliged to the real contributors, they are not be praised but it is the group as a whole that enjoy the success. It is not rewarding as the reading predicts.
Second, in contrast to the reading's claim that a group can work quickly, the study showed that it's the opposite. That is because it takes extra times to reach consensus and build agreement among members.
In addition, the influencer in the group can ruin the projects. The ideas rejected by the influencer are simply droppped even though other people think it is quite good. The opposite is the same story. If the influencer thinks certain idea is good, then even though other people warn that it might not work, the idea will be the winner.
The results are even worse. It the projects led by the influencer fails, it's all the members who are blamed.
=========================下面是题目
Passage:In many organizations, perhaps the best way to approachcertain new projects is to assemble a group of people into a team. Having ateam of people attack a project offers several advantages. First of all, agroup of people has a wider range of knowledge, expertise, and skills than anysingle individual is likely to possess. Also, because of the numbers of peopleinvolved and the greater resources they possess, a group can work more quicklyin response to the task assigned to it and can come up with highly creativesolutions to problems and issues. Sometimes these creative solutions come aboutbecause a group is more likely to make risky decisions that an individual mightnot undertake. This is because the group spreads responsibility for a decisionto all the members and thus no single individual can be held accountable if thedecision turns out to be wrong.
Taking part in a group process can be very rewarding for members of the team.Team members who have a voice in making a decision will no doubt feel betterabout carrying out the work that is entailed by that decision than they mightdoing work that is imposed on them by others. Also, the individual team memberhas a much better chance to "shine," to get his or her contributionsand ideas not only recognized but recognized as highly significant, because ateam's overall results can be more far-reaching and have greater impact thanwhat might have otherwise been possible for the person to accomplish orcontribute working alone.
================================
Lecture:
Then you willhear.
Narrator
Now listen to part of a lecture on the topic you just read about.
Professor
Now I want to tell you about what one company found when it decided that itwould turn over some of its new projects to teams of people, and make the teamresponsible for planning the projects and getting the work done. After aboutsix months, the company took a look at how well the teams performed.
On virtually every team, some members got almost a “free ride”.., they didn'tcontribute much at all, but if their team did a good job, they neverthelessbenefited from the recognition the team got. And what about group members whoworked especially well and who provided a lot of insight on problems andissues? Well... the recognition for a job well clone went to the group as awhole, no names were named. So it won't surprise you to learn that when thereal contributors were asked how they felt about the group process, theirattitude was just the opposite of what the reading predicts.
Another finding was that some projects just didn't move very quickly. Why?Because it took so long to reach consensus; it took many, many meetings tobuild the agreement among group members about how they would move the projectalong. On the other hand, there were other instances where one or two peoplemanaged to become very influential over what their group did. Sometimes whenthose influencers said “That will never work” about an idea the group wasdeveloping, the idea was quickly dropped instead of being further discussed.And then there was another occasion when a couple influencers convinced thegroup that a plan of theirs was “highly creative.” And even though some memberstried to warn the rest of the group that the project was moving in directionsthat might not work, they were basically ignored by other group members. Canyou guess the ending to *this* story? When the project failed, the blame wasplaced on all the members of the group. |
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