issue217

ninghaiUID: 123877

issue 100
In order to produce successful original work, scholars and scientists must first study the successful word of others to learn what contributions remain to be mad.

According to the title statement, the speaker stands at a point that scholars and scientists, would have to first study the successful work of others to learn what contributions remain to be made. To first study the former generations' great legacy of knowledge and thought, as the basis of gaining the one's success, if not paramount, is a so much significant  perquisite. So I strongly embrace the speaker's assertion. Why I uphold the viewpoint bases on the following statement.

First of all, the successful work or contributions are the later's precondition or perquisite for their own research or study. No one, in my opinion, can produce any original work without first assimilating the contributions of the former generations in his or her field. The contributions of former generations are the foundation of the research or study mason. Without the foundation, anything is vain. Suppose one does not fully understand the Newton's laws of classical physics, does he or she can gain the success in the field? Of course  not. The Newton's laws of physics are the basic knowledge for anyone to resolve the problems in the realm of physics. In our modern society, anything we do is dependent on the legacy of the formers' experience and knowledge So simply put, it----studying the successful work of others is the first step to begin our original work and anyone vain not avert it if he or she expect to succeed.

Next, while the basic function of the contributions of others significant for our original or creative research, we can find out that the work of other scholars and scientists are not always undoubtly correct, and the defect of them are where the scholars and scientists can possibly make their contribution for the group, the nation, humans. A example that aptly demonstrate this point involves the Newton's classical physics and Einstein's Theory of Relativity. Einstein, in the process of pursuing the classical physics principles, found out the observations are always not congruent with the laws of the classical physics. Then he grasping the question and do further researches. At last he created the Theory of Relativity, a systematic structure sharply different from the classical physics. From the example, we can see that defects of work of others scholars or scientists are often the points where the later's scientists can achieve their contributions possible even if it does not guarantee that every time they can
succeed. Therefore, the studying the defects of others may often lead to the originality of a creative contribution.

Another point needed imply is that an original contribution does not mean that it is a new, which have never been seen before, but a more effective and more complete one for us human to resolve the problems present and future. Just in the example metioned above, Einstein's theory is not a absolutely independent one, but the Newton's advanced extension and complement.

In the final analysis, anyone who want to accomplish is bound to first study the others' contributions deeply and broadly, then he/she may begin his/her own original work. Anyone who does not fully understand the former's work would inevitably fail to gain a breakthrough in his/her field.