【 寄托No.1】杀G小组第一次作业——写一遍阅读笔记

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在初期复习阅读时，我们会遇到很多困难，在受挫与再次尝试的反复中，我们会收获自己的心得，经验，感受，技巧，等等……
通过写阅读笔记，我们让自己内心的感受得到进一步的沉淀，使自己的思考更加深入，更加成熟，同时也认识到自己的不足；阅读同学的笔记，也是一个学习的过程。
我自己在备考的时候，当我写到第十篇笔记的时候，已经对阅读形成了很好的感觉了。

那么——就让我们写一篇阅读笔记吧！！！

如何写一篇阅读笔记？
首先，要对文章进行全面的分析——词汇，句子，篇章结构等等。
词汇：不懂的词汇，重点词汇的含义，专业词汇，作者通过词汇索要表达的意图
句子：简要的语法分析，句意分析，作者通过句子想要表达的意图，句子在文章中的功能
篇章结构：文章是如何展开的，作者写了哪些内容，哪些赞同，哪些反对，哪些详细，哪些省略…作者的观点，写作方法，等等
其次，是对题目的分析——题目的考察对象，选项的区分，不同的解法，以及正确率统计，等等。
题目的考察对象：题目在文章中的定位，对应文章的那些内容，题目的类型，等等
选项的区分：为什么选，为什么不选，出题者是如何制造错误答案的
不同解法：一道题可能用不同的方法做对，打开自己的思路
正确率统计：重点研究自己做错的题目，分析做错题是的思路有什么不对
最后，心得感想——做题的技巧总结，做题的收获，乃至做题的心情等等。
想到的每一点，都不要落下，扎扎实实的全部写下来。


可以看草木前辈的指导
https://bbs.gter.net/forum.php?mod=viewthread&tid=872136&highlight

再给大家一些例子供参考：
草木前辈的
https://bbs.gter.net/thread-871920-1-1.html

水水（G版前任版主）当年写的
https://bbs.gter.net/forum.php?mod=viewthread&tid=937797&highlight=

我无比菜鸟的时候写的（不许笑话我）
https://bbs.gter.net/forum.php?mod=viewthread&tid=1258386&highlight=


作业要求：
（1）2月1日之前完成，大家在这个帖子里，每人占一楼，2月1日之前把自己的作业贴上去
（2）具体的内容要求：
A、挑一篇NO题（必须是NO题，36套不可以）来写，篇目不限，根据自己做题的进度选择（最好选择做题时感触较多的或者是遇到困难较多的一篇）
B、内容要细致，要包括文章的词、句、篇章的分析，对选项的分析，自己的心得，以及阅读中遇到的问题和困惑
（3）提交作业之后，必须阅读组内其他同学的笔记（至少两篇），相互学习，群内讨论，总结学习心得。
（4）作业必须完成，无故不完成者踢出群并从小组除名，有事不能完成作业者提前在群内请假，并在三日之内补交


By 企鹅

dandelionttUID: 2852417

大家注意要占楼哦

babyenochUID: 3153670

20题没有找到合适的突破方法，大家讨论一下吧。

（正文中的红色是在阅读过程中需要标记的；斜体是可略读部分；绿色是我自己的笔记；下划线是题目定位的标记；题目选项中的蓝色是选项错误所在）

Thomas Hardy’s impulses as a writer, all of which he indulged in his novels, were numerous and divergent, and they did not always work together in harmony.(TS) Hardy was to some degree interested in exploring his characters’ psychologies, though(转折) impelled less(<) by curiosity than by sympathy. Occasionally he felt the impulse to comedy (in all its detached coldness) as well as the impulse to farce, but(转折) he was more(>) often inclined to see tragedy and record it. He was also inclined to literary realism in the several senses of that phrase. He wanted to describe ordinary human beings; he wanted to speculate on (speculate on: v.考虑, 推测) their dilemmas rationally (and, unfortunately, even schematically); and he wanted to record precisely the material universe. Finally, he wanted to be more than a realist. He wanted to transcend what he considered to be the banality of solely recording things exactly and to express as well his awareness of the occult and the strange.（举例，可略读）

In his novels these various impulses were sacrificed to each other inevitably and often.(SE) Inevitably, because Hardy did not care in the way that novelists such as Flaubert or James(F&J≠T) cared, and therefore took paths of least resistance. Thus, one impulse often surrendered to a fresher one and, unfortunately, instead of exacting a compromise, simply disappeared.(SE) A desire to throw over reality a light that never(强对比) was might give way abruptly to the desire on the part of (on the part of: with regard to the one specified) what we might consider a novelist-scientist to record exactly and concretely the structure and texture of a flower. In this instance, the new impulse was at least an energetic one, and thus its indulgence did not result in a relaxed style. But on other occasions Hardy abandoned a perilous, risky, and highly energizing impulse in favor of what was for him the fatally relaxing impulse to classify and schematize abstractly. When a relaxing impulse was indulged, the style—that sure index of an author’s literary worth—was certain to become verbose. Hardy’s weakness derived from his apparent inability to control the comings and goings of these divergent impulses and from his unwillingness to cultivate and sustain the energetic and risky ones.(SE) He submitted to first one and then another, and the spirit blew where it listed (愿意,想要); hence the unevenness of any(强对比) one of his novels. His most(强对比) controlled novel, Under the Greenwood Tree, prominently exhibits two different but reconcilable impulses—a desire to be a realist-historian and a desire to be a psychologist of love—but(转折) the slight interlockings of plot are not enough to bind the two completely together. Thus even this book splits into two distinct parts.

本篇属于全文论述一个观点型文章，首段首句即为TS

17.Which of the following is the most appropriate title for the passage, based on its content?（主旨题）

(A) Under the Greenwood Tree: Hardy’s Ambiguous Triumph（片面）

(B) The Real and the Strange: The Novelist’s Shifting Realms

(C) Energy Versus Repose: The Role of: Ordinary People in Hardy’s Fiction（全文论述一个观点型文章不可能出现verse这类的词语）

(D) Hardy’s Novelistic Impulses: The Problem of Control

(E) Divergent Impulses: The Issue of Unity in the Novel

全文论述的都是Hardy的创作冲动，因此选项中一般应该含有Hardy。

18.The passage suggests that the author would be most likely to agree with which of the following statements about literary realism?（细节题）

(A) Literary realism is most concerned with the exploration of the internal lives of ordinary human beings.(回定原文，举例部分没有提到most和internal lives)

(B) The term “literary realism” is susceptible to more than a single definition.(回定原文，由Literary realism所在的原句即可推知答案)

(C) Literary realism and an interest in psychology are likely to be at odds in a novelist’s work.(无中生有)

(D) “Literary realism” is the term most often used by critics in describing the method of Hardy’s novels.(无中生有)

(E) A propensity toward literary realism is a less interesting novelistic impulse than is an interest in the occult and the strange.(原文没有比较)

19.The author of the passage considers a writer’s style to be(细节题)

(A) a reliable means by which to measure the writer’s literary merit(回定原文，此句为原文改写)

(B) most apparent in those parts of the writer’s work that are not realistic(无中生有)

(C) problematic when the writer attempts to follow perilous or risky impulses(无中生有)

(D) shaped primarily by the writer’s desire to classify and schematize(primarily原文未提到)

(E) the most accurate index of the writer’s literary reputation(most原文未提到)

20.Which of the following words could best be substituted for “relaxed” (line 37) without substantially changing the author’s meaning?

(A) informal

(B) confined

(C) risky

(D) wordy

(E) metaphoric

个人感觉可以从原文的这句话中verbose猜出relaxed的意思。
When a relaxing impulse was indulged, the style—that sure index of an author’s literary worth—was certain to become verbose

21.The passage supplies information to suggest that its author would be most likely to agree with which of the following statements about the novelists Flaubert and James? (细节题)

(A) They indulged more impulses in their novels than did Hardy in his novels.(与原意相反)

(B) They have elicited a greater degree of favorable response from most literary critics than has Hardy.(无中生有)

(C) In the writing of their novels, they often took pains to effect a compromise among their various novelistic impulses.(回定原文第二段首句，联合首句及第二句中的笔记F&J≠H可以选出答案)

(D) Regarding novelistic construction, they cared more about the opinions of other novelists than about the opinions of ordinary readers.(无中生有)

(E) They wrote novels in which the impulse toward realism and the impulse away from realism were evident in equal measure.(无中生有)

22.Which of the following statements best describes the organization of lines 27 to 41 of the passage (“Thus…abstractly”)?(给定行数题/文章结构题)

(A) The author makes a disapproving observation and then presents two cases, one of which leads to a qualification of his disapproval and the other of which does not.

(B) The author draws a conclusion from a previous statement, explains his conclusion in detail, and then gives a series of examples that have the effect of resolving an inconsistency.

(C) The author concedes a point and then makes a counterargument, using an extended comparison and contrast that qualifies his original concession.

(D) The author makes a judgment, points out an exception to his judgment, and then contradicts his original assertion.

(E) The author summarizes and explains an argument and then advances a brief history of opposing arguments.

对这段话的分析：首句是SE，后面的红色标记就是两个例子：从前一个例子划横线的部分就可以知道是支持作者观点的；然后后一个例子用but转折，说明是不支持的。

【Thus, one impulse often surrendered to a fresher one and, unfortunately, instead of exacting a compromise, simply disappeared.(SE) A desire to throw over reality a light that never(强对比) was might give way abruptly to the desire on the part of (on the part of: with regard to the one specified) what we might consider a novelist-scientist to record exactly and concretely the structure and texture of a flower. In this instance, the new impulse was at least an energetic one, and thus its indulgence did not result in a relaxed style. But on other occasions Hardy abandoned a perilous, risky, and highly energizing impulse in favor of what was for him the fatally relaxing impulse to classify and schematize abstractly.】

23.Which of the following statements about the use of comedy in Hardy’s novels is best supported by the passage?(细节题)

(A) Hardy’s use of comedy in his novels tended to weaken his literary style. .(无中生有)

(B) Hardy’s use of comedy in his novels was inspired by his natural sympathy.(串句。回定原文，comedy所在句的上句话说的是同情心，这无法将comedy和同情心联系在一起)

(C) Comedy appeared less frequently in Hardy’s novels than did tragedy.(回定原文，根据原句及中间的标记more可以推知答案)

(D) Comedy played an important role in Hardy’s novels though that comedy was usually in the form of farce.(无中生有)

(E) Comedy played a secondary role in Hardy’s more controlled novels only.(无中生有)

24.The author implies which of the following about Under the Greenwood Tree in relation to Hardy’s other novels?(细节题)

(A) It is Hardy’s most thorough investigation of the psychology of love(无中生有)

(B) Although it is his most controlled novel, it does not exhibit any harsh or risky impulses.(无中生有)

(C) It, more than his other novels, reveals Hardy as a realist interested in the history of ordinary human beings.(无中生有)

(D) In it Hardy’s novelistic impulses are managed somewhat better than in his other novels.(回定原文，根据唯一性词汇most可推知答案)

(E) Its plot, like the plots of all of Hardy’s other novels, splits into two distinct parts.(two distinct不准确，不一定是所有的novel都是two)

听了dandeliontt版主对这道题的理解，感觉更有道理一些，而且对文章的理解更深入，所以对这道题重新分析一下。这道题问到了文章最后举得一个例子，表面上看只是一个细节题，但是如果深入想一下，作者举出这个例子是因为under Greenwood Tree是作者写作特征中相对特殊的一个，通过这个例子更能说明Hardy的写作特征，题目问例子与其他作品的关系，其作者就是通过解释他们之间的关系来说明H写作特点的。因此这道题也可以理解成是一道问H写作特点的主旨题，这样理解的话，不论E答案是不是表述有错误，都不会是最佳答案。只有D说出来H的写作特点，所以选E
最后附上版主的一点建议：所有作者的举例用意都不在例子本身，举例首先要考虑到例子和主旨的关系，然后要考虑到例子说明和体现主旨的方法。好好体会一下，个人觉得还是很受用的。

随便一找就是一篇文学评论，而且不算短，一直都是最不敏感的文章。

做题时间是按照老师上课的建议，题目数*1.5min=12min，实际用时15min, 正确率么50%。。。。非常凄惨，错的四道题中三道都是细节题，感觉这种文章读起来很费劲，原文定位也就很困难。

到现在还是对文学评论的文章没有找到比较好的套路，大家给点建议呗。。。。

sennilUID: 3137408

这里也来占了,占完再看

leijerry888UID: 3143968

作业如下，第一篇阅读笔记，写的比较&*#%&%*#&%&*#，还请大家耐下性子阅读，多多拍砖，尽量不要打击我。嘿嘿嘿嘿

No.6-3-B-L

文章分析：
红色为重点内容
绿色为略读部分
蓝色为文章结构标识
橙色为猜想与分析


In the early 1950’s(具体时间点要标记), historians who studied preindustrial Europe(which we may define here as Europe in the period from roughly 1300 to 1800)(括号内内容跳过，撇到其中有两个年代数字，知道是在定义pE的具体时间)
began, for the first time(第一次，最高级要标记) in large numbers, to investigate more of the preindustrial European population than(强对比标记) the 2 or 3 percent who comprised the political and social elite:the kings, generals, judges, nobles, bishops, and local magnates who had hitherto usually filled history books(冒号后内容一扫而过，指elite具体有哪些人).第一句SE写出文章要讨论的内容，知道一个对比关系：1950前，史学家研究elite，1950后取反由强对比取反 Onedifficulty(缺陷，标记), however(转折), was that few(否定词) of the remaining 97 percent recorded their thoughts or had them chronicled by contemporaries. Faced with this situation, many historians based their investigations on the only(最高级) records that seemed看到这个词，就觉得后面评价估计是负的 to exist: birth, marriage, and death records. As a result(结论，感觉考点的可能性大，其后句子略微精读，至少知道定位与此), much of the early work on the nonelite was aridly statistical in nature; reducing the vast majority of the population to a set of numbers was hardly
more enlightening than(带否定词的强对比)ignoring them altogether. Historians still did not know what these people thought or felt.第一段后半部分写出史学家研究nonelite所遇到的困难，解决方案，以及对方案的评价结果（负评价）


One way(注意之后或写一段是否有another way)
out of this dilemma was to turn to the records of legal courts, for here the voices of the nonelite can most often be heard, as witnesses, plaintiffs, and defendants.第二段首句SE，由于上面的方法（通过birth等records）不成，故转而使用the records of legal courts，可知作者在接下来的部分要对此进行展开These documents have acted as “a point of entry into the mental world of the poor(引号内内容考点概率大，重视一下（虽然详读，也没看明白）).” Historians such as Le Roy Ladurie have used the documents to extract case histories, which have illuminated the attitudes of different social groups (these attitudes include, but are not confined to, attitudes toward crime and the law) and have revealed how the authorities administered justice. It has been societies that have had a developed police system and practiced Roman law (Roman law: n.罗马法the legal system of the ancient Romans that includes written and unwritten law, is based on the traditional law and the legislation of the city of Rome, and in form comprises legislation of the assemblies, resolves of the senate, enactments of the emperors, edicts of the praetors, writings of the jurisconsults, and the codes of the later emperors), with its written depositions, whose court records have yielded the most data to historians. In Anglo-Saxon countries hardly any of these benefits obtain, but it has still been possible to glean information from the study of legal documents.(后面举例，原谅我做题没时间看，只把大写字母们看一下，知道定位，如后方有题，就回来定位)


The extraction of case histories is not, however, the only use to which court records may be put. 第三段首句SE果然出现了another way。看到了否定词，最高级，转折词，且知道了第三段的内容，说明此段有更多的use of court records.  Historians who study preindustrial Europe have used the records to establish a series of categories of crime留下印象，crime在这里出现了 and to quantify indictments that were issued over a given number of years. This use of the records does看到此词的感觉和看到上文的seem一样，注意后面是否要出现否定词或转折词 yield some information about the nonelite, but this information gives us little insight into the mental lives of the nonelite.以上两句先是说出另一种use（sth. related to crime)，然后是对其评价（负评价） We also know 看到此处知道后面还是评价，略读，扫一扫知道正负评价即可 that the number of indictments in preindustrial Europe bears littlerelation to the number of actual criminal acts, and we strongly suspect that the relationship has varied widely over time. In addition
还在继续评价继续略读其后部分,
aggregate population estimates are very shaky, which makes it difficult(出现缺陷词，大概率考点，后面的内容不略读了)
for historians to compare rates留下印象，这里rate出现了 of crime per thousand in one decade of the preindustrial period with rates in another decade. Given theseinadequacies, it is clear why the case history use of court records is to be preferred.末句SE表明作者对于use of court records 的正态度以及对第三段内容的负态度




21. The author suggests that, before the early 1950’s, most historians who studied preindustrial Europe did which of the following?
(A) Failed to make distinctions among members of the preindustrial European political and social elite.
(B) Used investigatory methods that were almost exclusively statistical in nature.
(C) Inaccurately estimated the influence of the preindustrial European political and social elite.
(D) Confined their work to a narrow range of the preindustrial European population.
(E) Tended to rely heavily on birth, marriage, and death records.
此题，由时间点定位至文章开头，时间点前，大多数史学家研究elite，D选项中的a narrow range of 即为elite的同义改写


22. According to the passage, the case histories extracted by historians have
(A) scarcely illuminated the attitudes of the political and social elite
(B) indicated the manner in which those in power apportioned justice
(C) focused almost entirely on the thoughts and feelings of different social groups toward crime and the law
(D) been considered the first kind of historical writing that utilized the records of legal courts
(E) been based for the most part on the trial testimony of police and other legal authorities
此题由题目case histories 定位于第三段首句，定位后知答案在第二段中略读的举例部分，很可惜，原文中的几个大写都没出现，此题我错选了E，很无中生有的答案，赶时间的情况下长阅读不愿回原文重读一段，故选了一个感觉和legal court最相关的答案（由trial、police、legal等词诱使）。正确答案B为原文中对于LRL的评价 ...have revealed how the authorities administered justice 的改写


23. It can be inferred from the passage that much of the early work by historians on the European nonelite of the preindustrial period might have been more illuminating if these historians had
(A) used different methods of statistical analysis to investigate the nonelite
(B) been more successful in identifying the attitudes of civil authorities, especially those who administered justice, toward the nonelite
(C) been able to draw on more accounts, written by contemporaries of the nonelite, that described what this nonelite thought
(D) relied more heavily on the personal records left by members of the European political and social elite who lived during the period in question
(E) been more willing to base their research on the birth, marriage, and death records of the nonelite
此题由题干知，应定为与文章的缺陷处，具体本题选项为第一段中缺陷句的取非。此题我当时错选了A，由于误解了文章，将A定位至第三段后半部分的缺陷句处。具体内容，见后。


24. The author mentions Le Roy Ladurie (line 26) in order to
(A) give an example of a historian who has made one kind of use of court records
(B) cite a historian who has based case histories on the birth, marriage, and death records of the nonelite
(C) identify the author of the quotation cited in the previous sentence
(D) gain authoritative support for the view that the case history approach is the most fruitful approach to court records
(E) point out the first historian to realize the value of court records in illuminating the beliefs and values of the nonelite
由题干定位于第二段的LRL之例，答案显然为A


25. According to the passage, which of the following is true of indictments for crime in Europe in the preindustrial period?由indictments for crime定位于第三段
(A) They have, in terms of their numbers, remained relatively constant over time.
正评价，错误，原文中为In addition, aggregate population estimates are very shaky
(B) They give the historian important information about the mental lives of those indicted.
正评价，错误，原文中为but this information gives us little insight into the mental lives of the nonelite.
(C) They are not a particularly accurate indication of the extent of actual criminal activity.
正确答案，为原文the number of indictments in preindustrial Europe bears little relation to the number of actual criminal acts的改写
(D) Their importance to historians of the nonelite has been generally overestimated.
原文中未提到overestimated
(E) Their problematic relationship to actual crime has not been acknowledged by most historians.
原文中没说史学家知不知道


26. It can be inferred from the passage that a historian who wished to compare crime rates per thousand in a European city in one decade of the fifteenth century with crime rates in another decade of that century would probably be most aided by better information about which of the following?
(A) The causes of unrest in the city during the two decades
(B) The aggregate number of indictments in the city nearest to the city under investigation during the two decades
(C) The number of people who lived in the city during each of the decades under investigation
(D) The mental attitudes of criminals in the city, including their feelings about authority, during each of the decades under investigation
(E) The possibilities for a member of the city’s nonelite to become a member of the political and social elite during the two decades
由rate回到原文中的定位（对decade有印象也可定位），可知原文中说，aggregate population estimates are very shaky，此题问would probably be most aided by better information，为改善，取非，找选项，发现C选项没有说稳定，但是选项直接把population具体值给了，比not shaky更好


27. The passage would be most likely to appear as part of
(A) a book review summarizing the achievements of historians of the European aristocracy
(B) an essay describing trends in the practice of writing history
(C) a textbook on the application of statistical methods in the social sciences
(D) a report to the historical profession on the work of early-twentieth-century historians
(E) an article urging the adoption of historical methods by the legal profession
全文读下来通体感觉主题词是史学家，非精英，前工业时代历史，以及TS（作者肯定的观点，第二段首句）。选的时候我不太确定，感觉A比较合适，包括了史学家，以及精英阶层，结果很荒谬的悲剧了。正确选项B细读起来确实更好，这正是对文章的总体内容概括（有更到位的理解的同学请告诉我）。所以选项还是要认真读的。%>_<%




总结：
长文章的恐惧感和压抑感一直调戏着我，对于长文章，我目前做题时的想法是除了各段首句，转折句，末句以外，其他统统扫过，只求划过我的视界，当然也不会大跨步的整块整块地跳过，记下大写，缺陷，排比等在哪里就好了。读这篇文章时，产生的副作用是第二段的细节题无法定位。另外由于对文章中case histories的定位不准（来源于对于第三段首句的误读，以为第三段还在写case histories），导致看到末句的时候很郁闷：由于inadequacies，所以preferred。另外在读第三段时，将in addition之后的句子误以为是继续对this use of the records的负评价，加之对very shaky所在句的阅读不到位，导致Q23的错误。


正确率：
飘忽的正确率，此篇飘到了4/7，轻悲剧。在36套上做的时候，此篇文章出现了7道题中的4道，用时约为7到8分钟。


憧憬：
提高阅读文章的速度与准确度吧，杨鹏长难句请赐予我力量，老天爷请赐予我一颗打击不死的心脏。

耗费2小时40分钟完成了这篇作业，希望收获大于做这么长时间的题~哈哈~

Jerry Lei

2012-1-31 0:21 @home

60 days to run

greenbeanmeimeiUID: 2854957

NO题 6-3 SECTION A

按照要求认认真真完成了以下HW：一篇科学技术类的长阅读
  原文：The use of heat pumps has been held back largely by skepticism about advertisers’ claims that heat pumps can provide as many as two units of thermal energy for each unit of electrical energy used, thus apparently contradicting the principle of energy conservation (energy conservation: 能源节约; 能量守恒[不灭]). Heat pumps circulate a fluid refrigerant that cycles alternatively from its liquid phase to its vapor phase in a closed loop (closed loop: [电]闭环). The refrigerant, starting as a low-temperature, low-pressure vapor, enters a compressor driven by an electric motor. The refrigerant leaves the compressor as a hot, dense vapor and flows through a heat exchanger called the condenser, which transfers heat from the refrigerant to a body of air. Now the refrigerant, as a high-pressure, cooled liquid, confronts a flow restriction which causes the pressure to drop. As the pressure falls, the refrigerant expands and partially vaporizes, becoming chilled. It then passes through a second heat exchanger, the evaporator, which transfers heat from the air to the refrigerant, reducing the temperature of this second body of air. Of the two heat exchangers, one is located inside, and the other one outside the house, so each is in contact with a different body of air: room air and outside air, respectively.　　The flow direction of refrigerant through a heat pump is controlled by valves. When the refrigerant flow is reversed, the heat exchangers switch function. This flow-reversal capability allows heat pumps either to heat or cool room air. Now, if under certain conditions a heat pump puts out more thermal energy than it consumes in electrical energy, has the law of energy conservation been challenged? No, not even remotely: the additional input of thermal energy into the circulating refrigerant via the evaporator accounts for the difference in the energy equation.
　　Unfortunately, there is one real problem. The heating capacity of a heat pump decreases as the outdoor temperature falls. The drop in capacity is caused by the lessening amount of refrigerant mass moved through the compressor at one time. The heating capacity is proportional to this mass flow rate: the less the mass of refrigerant being compressed, the less the thermal load it can transfer through the heat-pump cycle. The volume flow rate of refrigerant vapor through the single-speed rotary compressor used in heat pumps is approximately constant. But cold refrigerant vapor entering a compressor is at lower pressure than warmer vapor. Therefore, the mass of cold refrigerant—and thus the thermal energy it carries—is less than if the refrigerant vapor were warmer before compression.
　　Here, then, lies a genuine drawback of heat pumps: in extremely cold climates—where the most heat is needed—heat pumps are least able to supply enough heat.

文章类型：现象解释型

TS: the additional input of thermal energyinto the circulating refrigerant via the evaporator accounts for the differencein the energy equation.


(1) The primary purposeof the passage is to (主旨题，定位于TS，首先提出问题，然后解释其工作原理，最后给出其缺陷)
(A) explain the differences in the working of a heat pump when the outdoor temperature changes
(B) contrast the heating and the cooling modes of heat pumps
(C) describe heat pumps, their use, and factors affecting their use
(D) advocate（鼓吹）the more widespread use of heat pumps
(E) expose（揭发）extravagant claims about heat pumps as false

(2) The author resolves the question of whether heat pumps run counter to the principle of energy conservation by (定位第一段+ 后几段)  细节题

(A) carefullyqualifying（限制） the meaning of that principle
(B) pointingout a factual error in the statement that gives rise to this question
(C) supplyingadditional relevant facts
(D) denyingthe relevance of that principle to heat pumps
(E) explaining that heat pumps can cool, as wellas heat, room air

(3) It can be inferred from the passage that, in the course of a heating season, the heating capacityof a heat pump is greatest when 推论题
(A) heating is least essential
(B) electricity rates are lowest ×
(C) its compressor runs the fastest （无关）
(D) out door temperatures hold steady ×
(E) the heating demand surges ×
【定位】where the most heat is needed—heat pumps are least able to supply enough heat.(定位最高级处) most /least
取非或者运用排除法
我原来选的是(C)。这道题目的确非常搞脑筋。（A）选项太隐蔽了，居然在最后一段，最后一段那里还没有提示 heating capacity的字眼。
此例为infer题，对于infer题，题干已经提示你要经过搞脑子或者转弯的步骤，所以如果太轻易地做出判断，八成是不正确的。
以此为鉴，下不为例！不过对于这种题还是没有一个思路，希望听听大家的建议，有什么好方法吗？

(4) If theauthor's assessment of the use of heat pumps (lines 1-8) is correct, which ofthe following best expresses the lesson
that advertisers should learn from this case? 推理题
(A) Do not make exaggerated claims about the products you are trying to promote.
(B) Focus your advertising campaign on vague analogies and veiled implications instead ofon facts.
(C) Do not use facts in your advertising that will strain the prospective client's ability to believe.【解释Strain: to stretch beyond a proper limit】(D) Do not assume in your advertising that the prospectiveclients know even the most elementary scientific principles.
(E) Concentrate your advertising firmly on financiallyrelevant issues such as price discounts and efficiency of operation.
advertisers'claims that heat pumps can provide as many as two units of thermal energy for each unit of electrical energy used
推理题：弱项。因为没有自己的思路，逻辑也不是非常地清楚。首先，learnwhat lesson? 此题中advertisers被人怀疑，实际上自己并没有错误，只是claim会导致人们逻辑推理上的不严谨。所以，需要解决的方法，就是advertisers和怀疑他的人们之间不可有误解的源泉（斜线的这句话），即C选项。

(5) The passage suggests that heat pumps wouldbe used more widely if 改进取非题
(A) they could also be used as air conditioners ×
(B) they could be moved around to supply heat where it is most needed ×
(C) their heat output could be thermostatically（恒温） controlled models with truly superior cooling
(D) capacity were advertised more effectively ×
(E) people appreciated the role of the evaporator in the energy equation
这道题让我想到了英语中“被动语态”的确使得主体无法确认，但是这里隐含的主体是customers/people，找主动与之相关的内容。
TS: the additional input of thermal energy into the circulating refrigerant via the evaporator accounts for the difference in the energy equation.

(6)According to the passage, the role of the flow restriction (line 22) in a heat pump is to 细节题
(A) measure accurately the flow rate of the refrigerant mass at that point
(B) compress and heat the refrigerant vapor
(C) bring about the evaporation and cooling of refrigerant
(D) exchange heat between the refrigerant and theair at that point
(E) reverse the direction of refrigerant flow when needed
【定位】Now the refrigerant, as a high-pressure, cooled liquid, confronts a flow restriction which causes the pressure to drop. As the pressure falls, the refrigerant expands and partially vaporizes, becoming chilled. 题目中the evaporation and cooling是vaporizes, becoming chilled的paraphrase变形。

(7)The author regards the notion that heat pumps have a genuine drawback asa 态度题
(A)cause for regret
(B) sign ofpremature defeatism （为时过早的失败主义的迹象）×
(C) welcome challenge （受人欢迎的挑战）×
(D) case of sloppy thinking【解释sloppy：SLOVENLY,CARELESS】×
(E) focus for an educational campaign ×
【定位】Unfortunately, there is one real problem.

终于分析完了~~呵呵~~

    有些题目非常不应该错。有些题目到现在还是不知道怎么做。
    分析是参考这个链接的：http://www.gter.net/?action-viewthread-tid-1005583

     对于infer/imply题型依旧无从下手，推理题也很难保证正确率。现在分析好这篇，回去继续背单词。
     有志者事竟成！加油！版友们赐予我力量吧！

绿豆greenbean 120131@home

846136085UID: 2987171

先说抱歉，我忽略了No题的要求，可能是昨天不太清醒，刚坐了26个小时的硬座。随便在大白本上翻了一篇就写了这个作业，晚上我再写篇No题上的。


这篇很简单，非常常规的文章。关于 the mechanization of work对女性地位的影响，先提出来一个常规观点，之后进行反对，提出自己的观点。


It is frequently assumed that（这个算是个标志了，代表了常规观点，后面一定会提出不同意见） the　mechanization of work has a　revolutionary effect on the lives of the people who operate the new machines and on the society into which the　machines　have been introduced. For example, it　has been suggested that the employment　of women in industry took them out of　the household, their traditional sphere, and fundamentally altered their position　in society.（19题的答案所在）

In the nineteenth century,　when women began to enter factories,　Jules Simon, a French politician, warned　that by doing so, women would give up their femininity. Friedrich Engels,　however, predicted that women would be　liberated from the "social, legal, and　economic subordination" of the family by　technological developments that made possible the recruitment of "the whole　female sex . . . into public industry."　Observers thus differed concerning the　social desirability of mechanization s　effects, but they agreed that it would transform women‘s lives.

Historians, particularly those　investigating the history of women, now　seriously question this assumption of　transforming power（开始质疑常规观点了，后面是重点）. They conclude that such dramatic technological innovations　as the spinning jenny, the sewing　machine, the typewriter, and the vacuum　cleaner（18题的答案所在） have not resulted in equally　dramatic social changes in women s economic position or in the prevailing　evaluation of women’s work.（最重要的观点） The　employment of young women in textile　mills during the Industrial Revolution　was largely an extension of an older pattern of employment of young, single　women as domestics. It was not the　change in office technology, but rather　the separation of secretarial work,　previously seen as an apprenticeship for beginning managers, from administrative　work that in the 1880 s created a new　class of "dead-end" jobs, thenceforth　considered "women s work." The increase　in the numbers of married women emp- loyed outside the home in the twentieth　century had less to do with the　mechanization of housework and an　increase in leisure time for thesewomen　than it did with their own economic necessity and with high marriage rates　that shrank the available pool of single　women workers, previously, in many　cases, the only women employers would　hire.（21题的答案）

Women s work has changed considerably in the past 200 years, moving from　the household to the office or the factory,　and later becoming mostly white-collar　instead of blue-collar work. Fundamentally, however, the conditions　under which women work have changed　little since before the Industrial　Revolution: the segregation of　occupations by gender, lower pay for women as a group, jobs that require　relatively low levels of skill and offer　women little opportunity for advancement　all persist, while women s household　labor remains demanding.（重点句子） Recent historical investigation has led to a　major revision of the notion that　technology is always inherently　revolutionary in its effects on society.　Mechanization may even have slowed any change in the traditional position of　women both in the labor market and in　the home.（对应23题）

17. Which of the following statements best summarizes the main idea of the passage?（主旨题目，文章是对常规论点进行批判，所以这个题目很简单）
(A) The effects of the mechanization of women’s work have not borne out the frequently held assumption that new technology is inherently revolutionary.
(B) Recent studies have shown that mechanization revolutionizes a society’s traditional values and the customary roles of its members.
(C) Mechanization has caused the nature of women’s work to change since the Industrial Revolution.
(D) The mechanization of work creates whole new classes of jobs that did not previously exist.
(E) The mechanization of women’s work, while extremely revolutionary it its effects, has not, on the whole, had the deleterious effects that some critics had feared.

18. The author mentions all of the following inventions as examples of dramatic technological innovations EXCEPT the（原文中的一个小细节）
(A) sewing machine    (B) vacuum cleaner    (C) typewriter    (D) telephone    (E) spinning jenny

19. It can be inferred from the passage that, before the Industrial Revolution, the majority of women’s work was done in which of the following settings?
(A) Textile mills    (B) Private households    (C) Offices    (D) Factories    (E) Small shops

20. It can be inferred from the passage that the author would consider which of the following to be an indication of a fundamental alteration in the conditions of women's work?
地位在“Fundamentally, however, the conditions　under which women work have changed　little since before the Industrial　Revolution: the segregation of　occupations by gender, lower pay for women as a group, jobs that require　relatively low levels of skill and offer　women little opportunity for advancement　all persist, while women‘s household　labor remains demanding.”这句话上面，作者在强调，虽然200年过去了，但其实女性的工作环境依然没有本质的改变，较低的工资，较低的能力要求，较低的晋升机会，所有要有fundamental alteration的话，必须在这些方面进行改良，很明显是D选项
(A) Statistics showing that the majority of women now occupy white-collar positions
(B) Interviews with married men indicating that they are now doing some household tasks
(C) Surveys of the labor market documenting the recent creation of a new class of jobs in electronics in which women workers outnumber men four to one
(D) Census results showing that working women’s wages and salaries are, on the average, as high as those of working men
(E) Enrollment figures from universities demonstrating that increasing numbers of young women are choosing to continue their education beyond the undergraduate level

21. The passage states that, before the twentieth century, which of the following was true of many employers?（原文中有对应）
(A) They did not employ women in factories.
(B) They tended to employ single rather than married women.
(C) They employed women in only those jobs that were related to women’s traditional household work.
(D) They resisted technological innovations that would radically change women’s roles in the family.
(E) They hired women only when qualified men were not available to fill the open positions.

22. It can be inferred from the passage that the author most probably believes which of the following to be true concerning those historians who study the history of women?（文章的目的在于对传统观点的一个反驳，所以对those historians的观点是同意的，因为他们看到了真正的原因）
(A) Their work provides insights important to those examining social phenomena affecting the lives of both sexes.
(B) Their work can only be used cautiously by scholars in other disciplines.
(C) Because they concentrate only on the role of women in the workplace, they draw more reliable conclusions than do other historians.
(D) While highly interesting, their work has not had an impact on most historians’ current assumptions concerning the revolutionary effect of technology in the workplace.
(E) They oppose the further mechanization of work, which, according to their findings, tends to perpetuate existing inequalities in society.

23. Which of the following best describes the function of the concluding sentence of the passage?（和主旨题很接近，问concluding sentence的作用，文章主旨。文章最后一句说even have slowed any change，这个在文章当中并没有直接的证据可以证明，所以beyond the evidence）
(A) It sums up the general points concerning the mechanization of work made in the passage as a whole.
(B) It draws a conclusion concerning the effects of the mechanization of work which goes beyond the evidence presented in the passage as a whole.
(C) It restates the point concerning technology made in the sentence immediately preceding it.
(D) It qualifies the author’s agreement with scholars who argue for a major revision in the assessment of the impact of mechanization on society.
(E) It suggests a compromise between two seemingly contradictory views concerning the effects of mechanization on society.

琼央UID: 3236722

占。

良药重口UID: 3214270

恩，一定好好完成作业，也祝战友们加油～

cinkieUID: 2933620

Four legal approaches may be followed in attempting to channel technological development in socially useful directions: specific directives, market incentive modifications, criminal prohibitions, and changes in decision-making structures.Specific directives involve the government’s identifying one or more factors controlling research, development, or implementation of a given technology. Directives affecting such factors may vary from administrative regulation of private activity to government ownership of a technological operation. Market incentive modifications are deliberate alterations of the market within which private decisions regarding the development and implementation of technology are made. Such modifications may consist of imposing taxes to cover the costs to society of a given technology,granting subsidies to pay for social benefits of a technology, creating the right to sue to prevent certain technological development, or easing procedural rules to enable the recovery of damages to compensate for harm caused by destructive technological activity. Criminal prohibitions may modify technological activity in areas impinging on fundament social values, or they may modify human behavior likely to result from technological applications—for example, the deactivation of automotive pollution control devices in order to improvevehicle performance. Alteration of decision-making structures includes all possible modifications in the authority, constitution, or responsibility of private and public entities deciding questions of technological development and implementation. Such alterations include the addition of public-interest members to corporate boards, the imposition by statute of duties on governmental decision-makers, and the extension of warranties in response to consumer action.

Effective use of these methods to control technology depends on whether or not the goal of regulation is the optimal allocation of resources.When the object is optimal resource allocation, that combination of legal methods should be used that most nearly yields the allocation that would exist if there were no external costs resulting from allocating resources through market activity. There are external costs, when the price set by buyers and sellers of goods fails to include some costs to anyone, that result from the production and use of the goods. Such costs are internalized when buyers pay them.

Air pollution from motor vehicles imposes external costs on all those exposes to it, in the form of soiling, materials damage, and disease, these externalities result from failure to place aprice on air, thus making it a free good, common to all. Such externalities lead to non-optimal resource allocation, because the private net product and the social net product of market activity are not often identical. If all externalities were internalized, transactions would occur until bargaining could no longer improve the situation, thus giving an optimal allocation of resources at a given time.

17. The passage is primarily concerned with describing
   (A) objectives and legal methods for directing technological development
   (B) technical approaches to the problem of controlling market activity
   (C) economic procedures for facilitating transactions between buyers and sellers
   (D) reasons for slowing technological development in light of environmentalist objections
   (E) technological innovations making it possible to achieve optimum allocation of resources

A)由第一段首句可知本文的中心

18. The author cites air pollution from motor vehicles in lines 54-56 in order to
   (A) revise cost estimates calculated by including the costs of resources
   (B) evaluate legal methods used to prevent technological developments
   (C) give examples of costs not included in buyer-seller bargains
   (D) refute hypotheses not made on the basis of monetary exchange values
   (E) commend technological research undertaken for the common welfare

C)直接由第三段开头可得，第二段末尾讲了external costs的定义，根据商品的供给关系制定的价格不能反映该物品对其他人的外部性，第三段开头开始说明这种外部性，因此是在举例子

19. According to the passage, transactions between private buyers and sellers have effects on society that generally
   (A) are harmful when all factors are considered
   (B) give rise to ever-increasing resource costs
   (C) reflect an optimal allocation of natural resources
   (D) encompass more than the effects on the buyers and sellers alone
   (E) are guided by legal controls on the development of technology  



D)根据推理最少原则，由第二段倒数第二句话可以直接得出
20. It can be inferred from the passage that the author does NOT favor which of the following?
   (A) Protecting the environment for future use
   (B) Changing the balance of power between opposing interests in business
   (C) Intervening in the activity of the free market
   (D) Making prices reflect costs to everyone in society
   (E) Causing technological development to cease

E)很明显，纯属送分题

21. A gasoline-conservation tax on the purchase of large automobiles, with the proceeds of the tax rebated to purchasers of small automobiles, is an example of
   (A) a specific directive
   (B) a market incentive modification
   (C) an optimal resource allocation
   (D) an alteration of a decision-making structure
   (E) an external cost

B)由第一段Market Incentive Modification的介绍可知

22. If there were no external costs, as they are
described in the passage, which of the following would be true?
   (A) All technology-control methods would be effective.
   (B) Some resource allocations would be illegal.
   (C) Prices would include all costs to members of society.
   (D) Some decision-making structures would be altered.
   (E) The availability of common goods would increase.

C)由文章对外部性的解释可知，现状是商品价格没有反映商品的外部性，当价格涵盖了对社会的所有影响，外部性就没有了。

23. The author assumes that, in determining what would be an optimal allocation of resources, it would be possible to
   (A) assign monetary value to all damage resulting from the use of technology
   (B) combine legal methods to yield theoretical optimum
   (C) convince buyers to bear the burden of damage from technological developments
   (D) predict the costs of new technological developments

   (E) derive an equation making costs depend on prices

A)由最后一段可知，正是这些外部性导致了非最优资源配置，因此如果能衡量这些外部性，就可达到最优资源配置

24. On the basis of the passage, it can be inferred that the author would agree with which of the following statements concerning technological development?
   (A) The government should own technological operations.
   (B) The effects of technological development cannot be controlled.
   (C) Some technological developments are beneficial.
   (D) The current states of technological development results in a good allocation of resources.
   (E) Applications of technological development are criminally destructive.

C)第一段最后作者发表了一些对政府在这方面上的建议，包括加大力度监管之类的，用排除法即可得C，其他四个选项都没在原文提及


第一次做NO题，在昨晚几乎一晚没睡+5小时强化班+10多篇新G阅读作业，真的可以说快到极限了。。。 从题库中随便选了一篇，惊喜的发现竟然是关于财政学的，上学期刚好已经修过财政学，做起来也就比较轻松。另外，感觉NO题的错项都错的好明显啊（也许只是这篇阅读），绿皮长文章的选项都好混淆，各种nuance，稍微不注意就选错了。
这篇文字主要讲的就是个商品外部性的问题，这是财政学的重点，理解也很容易。文章的结构清晰，每段的首句都是TS，脉络十分容易把握。但如果我没有相关的背景知识，读起来估计也会很晕，externality是个不难的词，但在经济学中的专业名词又有更深的一层含义。文章反复出现这个单词，把它当做一个专业名词好了，external既然是外面的，说明并不包含在商品本身，这点理解了文章基本就很好做了。
第一次写阅读笔记，写的就跟流水账似的，囧。。。

良药重口UID: 3214270

NO 2.2 SECTION B
红色为重点内容
绿色为略读部分
蓝色为分析
Although scientists observe that an organism’s behavior falls into rhythmic patterns, they disagree about how these patterns are affected when the organism is transported to a new environment.传说中的TS哟~ One experimenter, Brown, brought oysters from Connecticut waters to Illinois waters. She noted that the oysters initially opened their shells widest when it was high tide in Connecticut, but that after fourteen days their rhythms had adapted to the tide schedule in Illinois. Although she could not posit an unequivocal causal relationship between behavior and environmental change, Brown concluded that a change in tide schedule is one of several possible exogenous influences (those outside the organism) on the oysters’ rhythms. 实验现象神马的看看就可以了，关键是看结论Another experimenter, Hamner, however, discovered that hamsters from California maintain their original rhythms even at the South Pole. He concluded that endogenous influences (those inside the organism) seem to affect an organism’s rhythmic behavior.由于第二个例子必定对应之前的“disagreed”，第二个实验不看都应该知道是说反对第一个实验的
17.        All of the following could be considered examples of exogenous（外因） influences on an organism EXCEPT the influence of the
(A) level of a hormone on a field mouse’s readiness for mating如果认识exogenous的话应该没问题把，况且文中其实还给了解释——exogenous influences (those outside the organism)
(B) temperature of a region on a bear’s hibernation
(C) salt level of a river on a fish’s migration
(D) humidity of an area on a cat’s shedding of its fur
(E) proximity of an owl on a lizard’s searching for food
18.        Which of the following statements best describes the conclusion drawn by Brown (lines 14-17)
(A) A change in tide schedule is the primary influence on an oyster’s rhythms.
(B) A change in tide schedule may be an important exogenous influence on an oyster’s rhythms.如果你懒得想的话，直接找conclusion的同义表达即可
(C) Exogenous influences, such as a change in tide schedule, seldom affect an oyster’s rhythms.
(D) Endogenous influences have no effect on an oyster’s rhythms.
(E) Endogenous influences are the only influences on an oyster’s rhythms.
19.        The passage suggests that Brown’s study was similar to Hamner’s in which of the following ways?
I.        Both experimenters discovered that a new environment had a significant effect on an organism’s behavior rhythms.
II.        Both experimenters observed an organism’s behavioral rhythms after the organism had been transported to a new environment.
III.        Both experimenters knew an organism’s rhythmic patterns in its original environment.
(A) I only
(B) II only
(C) I and II only
(D) II and III only其实说真的，这题我做错了，我错选B了，不知道大家有没有搞懂为什么第三个（III.        Both experimenters knew an organism’s rhythmic patterns in its original environment.）是对的？
(E) I, II, and III
20.        Which of the following, if true, would most weaken Brown’s conclusion?
(A) The oyster gradually closed their shells after high tide in Illinois had passed.
(B) The oysters’ behavioral rhythms maintained their adaptation to the tide schedule in Illinois throughout thirty days of observation.
(C) Sixteen days after they were moved to Illinois, the oysters opened their shells widest when it was high tide in Connecticut.看得出来CD选项是反义表达，因此答案肯定在CD中选一个，而D显然又是支持B人观点的，故选C
(D) A scientist who brought Maryland oysters to Maine found that the oysters opened their shells widest when it was high tide in Maine.
(E) In an experiment similar to Brown’s, a scientist was able to establish a clear causal relationship between environmental change and behavioral rhythms.

总结：
这篇文章总体上结构还算比较“有爱”的，套路上直接是先提出一个学术观点或问题，接下来就是两个截然相反的实验结果，总体单词除了专业词汇oyster牡蛎，hamster仓鼠，基本上不存在太大问题（实际阅读中可以用小o和小h代替，不影响解题）。不过我阅读速度还是不敢恭维啊，这篇短文章都用了8分钟，求提高阅读速度的方法啊。。。。。
正确率是3/4，第三题错选成B了诶，这类题目我也经常做错，请教大家，这类题目有什么好方法做对吗？谢谢指导啦

良药重口UID: 3214270

5# leijerry888
写的很详细也很到位啊，有个问题想请教你，怎么样能提高阅读速度？多谢多谢啦

leijerry888UID: 3143968

12# 良药重口
这个，我目前一直在超时。。。也很苦闷呢

846136085UID: 2987171

12# 良药重口     虽然本人阅读水平也实在有限，还是给点意见吧

因为从大二算起，每天看英文paper也有两年了，对自己的阅读速度还是相对有信心的
推荐用RSS订阅些英文的东西，像economist之类的，教程下载链接  http://ishare.iask.sina.com.cn/f/7377863.html
之后每天有时间就看更新出来的东西就OK，对各位日后做research也有很多帮助的
PS：反正我一般是看不完的……

sennilUID: 3137408

Extended debate concerning the exact point of origin of individual folktales told by Afro-American slaves has unfortunately taken precedence over analy-sis of the tales meaning and function(抽出主谓宾debate has taken precedence over analysis ,关于 exact point of  origin of individual folktales 的 debate 同时也是17题考点). Cultural continuities with Africa were not dependent on importation and perpetuation of specific folktales in their pristine form(Cultural continuities were not dependent on importation and perpetuation 抽出主谓宾). It is in the place that tales occupied in the lives of the slaves and in the meaning slaves derived from them that the clearest resemblances to African tradition can be found(前面那句话是为这句话做铺垫,本句为重点). Afro-American slaves did not borrow tales indiscriminately from the Whites among whom they lived(先否定一个东西). Black people were most influenced by those Euro-American tales whose functional meaning and aesthetic appeal had the greatest similarity to the tales with deep roots in their ancestral homeland(再支持某个东西,所以本句为重点). Regardless of where slave tales came from, the essential point is that, with respect to language, delivery, details of characterization, and plot, slaves quickly made them their own.

17. The author claims that most studies of folktales told by Afro-American slaves are inadequate because the studies (细节题)
   (A) fail to recognize any possible Euro-
     American influence on the folktales
   (B) do not pay enough attention to the features
     of a folktale that best reveal an African
     influence
   (C) overestimate the number of folktales
     brought from Africa by the slaves
   (D) do not consider the fact that a folktale can
     be changed as it is retold many times
   (E) oversimplify the diverse and complex tradi-
      tions of the slaves ancestral homeland

The author’s main purpose is to (主旨题,读完第一二句话可发现作者在变换中心同时在否认某些东西)
   (A) create a new field of study
   (B) discredit an existing field of study
   (C) change the focus of a field of study
   (D) transplant scholarly techniques from one
     field of study to another
   (E) restrict the scope of a burgeoning new field
     of study

19. The passage suggests that the author would regard which of the following areas of inquiry as most likely to reveal the slaves’ cultural continuities with Africa?(暗示题,感谢一下群里的高手们 ,most likely 是本题的解题关键,用排除法解答)
    (A) The means by which Blacks disseminated
     their folktales in nineteenth-century
     America
    (B) Specific regional differences in the styles of
     delivery used by the slaves in telling
     folktales
    (C) The functional meaning of Black folktales
     in the lives of White children raised by
     slaves
    (D) The specific way the slaves used folktales to
     impart moral teachings to their children
    (E) The complexities of plot that appear most
     frequently in the slaves’ tales


20. Which of the following techniques is used by
   the author in developing the argument in the (写作技巧题?文中出现两次,先给一个not case 再给一个case)
   passage?
   (A) Giving a cliche a new meaning
   (B) Pointedly refusing to define key terms
   (C) Alternately presenting generalities and
     concrete details
   (D) Concluding the passage with a restatement
     of the first point made in the passage
   (E) Juxtaposing statements of what is not the
     case and statements of what is the case


总结:本人很久没读过文章了,这算是第一次读gre的文章吧....正确率为75% ,耗时5-6分钟,排除法很好用啊,19题让我明白了gre竟然还会这样来考我们的逻辑,最近还是以单词和长难句为主吧.....