428杀T~~~~天天打卡，大家共勉~~

328096728UID: 3116479

考G的时候天天打卡，效果很好，大家共勉~
二战T，要坚持，要加油~~~
看到论坛里有很多作业贴，决定以后把作文阅读总结神马的发上来，大家互相监督~欢迎加入团队~~~

328096728UID: 3116479

4.4计划
阅读做三篇，分析三篇
无老师销魂词汇过一半
口语两套，录音+修改
听力3篇，跟读加听读
综写TPO一篇
独写写一篇提纲+总结例子
一定要完成！！！好的开始，要加油~~~

秋雨荆州UID: 2903781

支持一下

328096728UID: 3116479

回家休息了几天，今天开始天天汇报，最后10几天了。。。天。。。~~~

328096728UID: 3116479

TPO14A
错误率1.5/14
生词
trusting outlook这里译为信任背景，outlook本意是观点
regulator 调节者
tactic 策略
offset 弥补，补偿，与后面出现的counterbalance同义
disclaimer 免责声明
setting 背景

1.Which of the following is NOT mentioned in paragraph 1 as being a difficult judgment for children to make about advertised toys?排除题定位第一段最后一句
○How big the toys are 和size对应
○How much the toys cost  未提及
○What the toys can do 和action对应
○How the toys are made 和construction对应

2. The word “verify” in the passage is closest in meaning to秒杀题
○establish the truth of
○approve of
○understand
○criticize

3.In paragraph 2, what is one reason that claims such as “the best” or “better than” can be misleading?修饰题，定位下一句，文中说这代表了广告人的观点
○They represent the opinions of adults, which are often different from those of children. 不是代表大人
○They generally involve comparisons among only a small group of products.
○They reflect the attitudes of consumer protection groups rather than those of actual consumers.符合
○They reflect the advertiser's viewpoint about the product.

4.Cereal advertisements that include the statement “when part of a nutritionally balanced breakfast” are trying to suggest that定位，看前一句，文中说会有一些免责声明
○the cereal is a desirable part of a healthful, balanced breakfast符合
○the cereal contains equal amounts of all nutrients 不符合本意
○cereal is a healthier breakfast than other foods are没有比较
○the cereal is the most nutritious part of the breakfast meal不符合本意

5. According to paragraph 2, all of the following are true of disclaimers made in advertisements EXCEPT:排除题，定位第二段后半部分
○They are qualifications or conditions put on a claim. 原句
○They may be used to balance exaggerations.  原句同意转化
○They are usually presented in both audio and visual formats. 最后一句转折说明只有声音形式
○They are often difficult for children to understand. 原意


6. The word “adept” in the passage is closest in meaning to 秒杀题
○responsible
○skillful
○patient
○curious

7. Paragraph 3 indicates that there is uncertainty about which of the following issues involving children and fantasy in advertising? 做的时候以为是排除题就先放了放，结果回来扫了下原文，直接定位到uncertainty
○Whether children can tell if what they are seeing in an advertisement is real or fantasy 同义重复
○Whether children can differentiate fantasy techniques from other techniques used in advertising
○Whether children realize how commonly fantasy techniques are used in advertising aimed at them
○Whether children are attracted to advertisements that lack fantasy

8.Which of the sentences below best expresses the essential information in the highlighted sentence in the passage? Incorrect choices change the meaning in important ways or leave out essential information. 简化题，appeal看成appear了。。。原句结构：理想号召有限制，在…XXX…情况下
○Rational appeals in advertising are certainly limited by children's emotional immaturity and the indirect nature of their associations.原因错
○Indirect appeals to children's psychological states or associations can limit the effectiveness of rational appeals in advertising. 结果错
○Rational appeals play a much smaller role in advertisements for children than emotional appeals and psychological associations do. 被限制和much smaller同义
○Rational appeals in advertising aimed at children should certainly be limited until the children are emotionally and psychologically ready. 原因错

9. The word "attributes" in the passage is closest in meaning to秒杀题
○evaluations
○attitudes
○actions
○characteristics

10. In paragraph 4, why does the author mention a show about a cartoon lion in which an advertisement appears featuring the same lion character?修饰题，定位lion，上一句说了host的定义，举例解释是什么
○To help explain what is meant by the term "host selling” and why it can be misleading to children 符合
○To explain why the role of celebrities in advertising aimed at children has often been confused with host selling没有解释为什么
○To compare the effectiveness of using animated figures with the effectiveness of using celebrities in advertisements aimed at children没有比较
○To indicate how Kunkel first became interested in studying the effects of host selling on children没有说明此人how产生兴趣



11. The word "credible” in the passage is closest in meaning to 秒杀题
○helpful
○believable
○valuable
○familiar

12. According to paragraph 5, what did a study of children in Hong Kong show about the use of celebrities in advertisements aimed at children?细节事实题，定位最后一句
○ It is most effective with children who watch a lot of television.
○ It has little effect if the celebrities are not familiar to most children.
○ It is more effective in marketing cereals and food products than in marketing other kinds of products.
○ It can have a negative effect if the celebrities are not popular with children, in the passage is closest in meaning to.符合


13. Look at the four squares [■] that indicate where the following sentence could be added to the passage.
Another aspect of advertising that may especially influence children is fantasy.
Where would the sentence best fit?插入题，信号词很明显fantasy

14. Directions: An introductory sentence for a brief summary of the passage is provided below. Complete the summary by selecting the THREE answer that express the most important ideas in the passage. Some sentences do not belong in the summary because they express ideas that not presented in the passage or are minor ideas in the passage. This question is worth 2 points.

Advertisers sometimes use strategies that can mislead children.小结题
●
●
●
Answer Choices
○Advertisements can be misleading to children when the advertisements use audio and visual formats that are especially appealing to children.前面题目已经确认之
○Children may not be able to interpret exaggerated claims made by advertisers or understand the disclaimers used to offset claims.符合
○Although the use of celebrities is not necessarily effective in advertisements aimed at children, there is evidence that host selling can positively affect their views of a product. 符合
○Studies show that misleading tactics are used most often in commercials for breakfast cereals, with toy commercials using such tactics only slightly less frequently. 出现most时要注意
○The use of fantasy is especially common in advertisements for children, but children may not be able to distinguish fantasy from reality. 符合
○Very young children are particularly influenced by host selling, while slightly older children are more readily misled by seemingly rational claims such as “the best.” 没有比较

328096728UID: 3116479

tpo14B 正确率9/14
jungle 丛林
peninsula 半岛
paradoxically 矛盾地，反常地=surprisingly
basin 水池，盆地
plug up 塞住，堵住

1、修饰题
1. Why does the author call the Mayan homeland both a “seasonal tropical forest” and "seasonal desert”?是对seasonal tropical forest的解释
○To illustrate how the climate of the Mayan homeland varied from region to region---没有提到地域差异
○To explain how the climate of the Mayan homeland is similar to that of a jungle or tropical rainforest---未涉及相似性
○To emphasize the vast size of the area that comprised the Mayan homeland in ancient times--没有比较
○To make the point that the Mayan homeland is climatically more complex than is generally assumed前文说热带雨林生长在赤道附近常年保持潮湿的多雨地区，但是……转折。符合


2. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in paragraph 2 as a difference between the northern and southern Yucatan Peninsula?排除题
○The annual rainfall was greater in the south.从第一句中推出
○The population density was lower in the north.定位southern后很容易找到
○Agricultural productivity was greater in the south同上
○Rainfall was more unpredictable and variable in the south. 没有比较，指的是全部

3. Which of the following statements about ancient and modem agriculture in the Yucatan Peninsula is supported by paragraph 2?--细节题
○Modern agricultural methods have solved many of the ancient problems of farming in the Yucatan Peninsula.--矛盾
○Ancient Mayan farmers may have been somewhat more successful at farming in the Yucatan Peninsula than farmers are today.--符合。与失败对应
○Farming today is easier than in the past because environmental changes in the Yucatan Peninsula have increased available rainfall--未提及环境
○The Yucatan soils in which ancient farmers worked were richer, more productive, and thicker than they are today.--未提及土壤情况


4. The word “paradoxically” in the passage is closest in meaning to  秒杀题
○usually
○surprisingly
○understandably
○predictably

5. The phrase “The likely explanation” in the passage refers to the explanation for why--指代题，定位前一句
○the southern Maya areas received more rainfall than the northern areas
○modern archaeologists have difficulty understanding ancient droughts
○water problems were most severe in the wet south 符合
○land surface in the south is so high above the water table

6. Which of the following statements about the availability of water in the Mayan homeland is supported by paragraph 3?---细节题，细节题错了两个了，哎哎
○The construction of wells was an uncommon practice in both the north and the south because it was too difficult to dig through the karst.北方很好凿
○In most areas in the north and the south, rainwater was absorbed directly into the porous karst.最后一句的同意重复
○The water table was an important resource for agriculture in both the north and the south of the Yucatan Peninsula.未涉及
○The lack of surface water in both the north and the south was probably due to the fact that most of it was quickly used up for agricultural purposes.原因错误，完全未提及

7. According to paragraph 3, why was the southern Mayan homeland hard to farm?细节题，定位到but后
○The presence of numerous sinkholes and wells interfered with farming. --无关
○Southern soil lacked the depth crops needed for growth.--未提及crop
○Underground water was too far below the surface to reach. --但是后面的句子同意重复
○The presence of karst caused frequent flooding.--未提及flood

8 Which of the sentences below best expresses the essential information in the highlighted sentence in the passage? Incorrect choices change the meaning in important ways or leave out essential information.简化题，建在高地上的是因为开发低地，堵住leaks，从而做出reservoir（用于集水）
○Southern Maya populations obtained the water they needed for the dry season by collecting and storing rainwater in sealed depressions.因果关系正确
○The Maya are credited with creating methods for modifying natural rainwater and storing it.没有提到methods
○Leaks in the karst caused difficulties in the creation of reservoirs, which were needed to store water for the dry season.---选的就是这个。还是不知道错哪儿了，求解
○Southern Mayans were more successful at collecting rain than storing it during dry seasons.没有比较

9.What can be inferred from paragraph 4 about how residents of Tikal met their needs for water and food during most periods of drought?推断题，定位Tikal
○They depended upon water and food that had been stored for use during the dry season.符合
○They obtained drinking water and water for crop irrigation from Coba dikes.未提及灌溉
○They located their population centers near a lake where water was available for drinking and watering crops.没有灌溉
○They moved locations every 18 months to find new croplands and water sources.未提及find

10. The word "prolonged" in the passage is closest in meaning to 秒杀题
○unusual
○unexpected
○extended
○disastrous

11. The word "exhausted" in the passage is closest in meaning to 秒杀题
○used up
○reduced
○wasted
○relied upon



12. Look at the four squares [■] that indicate where the following sentence could be added to the passage.
The difference between the two climates challenged the Maya who had to deal with both.
Where would the sentence best fit? 插入题，分开看。two climates与最后对应

13.Directions: Select from the seven phrases below the phrases that correctly characterize the southern Mayan homeland and the phrases that correctly characterize the northern Mayan homeland. Drag each phrase you select into the appropriate column of the table. Two of the phrases will NOT be used. This question is worth 3 points.从前面做过的题可以推测

Southern Mayan homeland
●
●
●
Northern Mayan homeland
●
●
Answer Choices
○ City of Tikal
○ Predictable rainfall
○ High above water table
○ Used reservoirs
○ Obtained water from wells
○ Dramatically improved corn crops
○ Had comparatively thin layer of soil

328096728UID: 3116479

tpo14C正确率10/14，好难过，几天不做题正确率大减。。。
prestige 威望，声望。这里=status优势地位
militaristic 军事的
subject 这里是征服的意思
self-sufficiency 自给自足

1. The word “prestige” in the passage is closest in meaning to
○interest
○status
○demand
○profit

2. According to paragraph 1, what made it possible for Inner Eurasian pastoralism to become the most mobile and militaristic form of pastoralism?细节题，定位，看前面几句
○It involved the domestication of several types of animals.无关
○It was based primarily on horses rather than on other animals.同义重复
○It borrowed and improved upon European ideas for mobility and warfare.未提及idea
○It could be adapted to a wide variety of environments. 未提及

3. The word “profound” in the passage is closest in meaning to 秒杀题
○strange
○positive
○direct
○far-reaching

4. In paragraph 2, why does the author contrast pastoralists with agriculturalists? 修饰题，定位agriculturalist
○To explain why pastoralism requires more land than agriculturalism to support basic needs 找关联词，so后面的句子
○To identify some advantages that mobile societies have over immobile societies没有比较
○To demonstrate that ecological principles that apply to pastoralism do not apply to agriculturalism未提及生态理论适合哪种生活
○To argue that agriculturalism eventually developed out of pastoralism 完全未提及

5. According to paragraph 2, pastoralists tend to细节题，定位后半部
○prefer grazing their animals on agricultural lands未提及
○consume comparatively large amounts of food and clothing 要保证衣食，不代表趋于话费大量的衣食
○avoid eating plant foods 未提及
○move from place to place frequently与最后一句同义


6. In paragraph 3, why does the author discuss languages spoken in the region spanning from Eastern Europe to the western borders of Mongolia?修饰题，定位E E
○To emphasize the frequency with which Indo-European languages changed as a result of the mobile nature of pastoralism未提及改变
○To indicate one method linguists use to determine that inhabitants of the Don and Dnieper river area had taken up stock breeding无关
○To provide evidence that Indo-European languages have their roots in what is now Turkey未提及
○To provide evidence that pastoralist societies can exercise cultural influence over a large area符合

7. The word "striking” in the passage is closest in meaning to 秒杀题
○reliable
○noticeable
○convincing
○violent

8. The word "exploit” in the passage is closest in meaning to 秒杀题
○use to advantage
○depart from
○pay attention to
○travel across


9. According to paragraph 4, the fact that pastoralist communities are subject to “strict rules of portability” encourages such communities to定位前半段，前面讲的是公平
○relocate less frequently than they would otherwise 未提及
○have households that are more or less equal in wealth 平均财富
○become self-sufficient in the manufacture of silk and jewelry 是自给自足但不是在silk和jewelry上
○share large material surpluses with neighboring communities 没有提到share

10. According to paragraph 4, all of the following are true of social inequality in pastoralist societies EXCEPT:排除题
○It exists and has existed to some degree in most pastoral societies. 有对应
○It is most marked during periods of military conquest.有对应，但是除了在军事征服时段里，他们由于过于弱小而不能形成所想象的稳定的、世袭的统治阶级。
○It is expressed in the form of a rigid hierarchy based largely on heredity.与B矛盾
○It is usually too insignificant to be discussed in terms of class differences.符合， 双重否定了

11. Which of the sentences below best expresses the essential information in the highlighted sentence in the passage? Incorrect choices change the meaning in important ways or leave out essential information.简化题，结果--弱化，原因--女人能干男人的事
○Despite the fact that wealth is relatively evenly distributed in pastoral societies, gender inequality still exists because only men can acquire military skills and social status.结果错
○Inequalities of gender existed in pastoralist societies until most communities began to require women to possess the same skills as men and take part in the military.没有因果
○Inequalities of gender in pastoralist societies were caused by steep hierarchies of wealth and differences in military training between men and women.原因错
○In pastoral societies, gender inequality is comparatively mild because wealth is relatively evenly distributed and women have to learn most of the same skills that men do.符合



12. Look at the four squares [■] that indicate where the following sentence could be added to the passage
There is a good reason for this.
Where would the sentence best fit? Click on a square to add the sentence to the passage.插入题，划分句子

13. Directions: An introductory sentence for a brief summary of the passage is provided below. Complete the summary by selecting the THREE answer that express the most important ideas in the passage. Some sentences do not belong in the summary because they express ideas that not presented in the passage or are minor ideas in the passage. This question is worth 2 points. 居然全对，吼吼。

By 3000 B.C., a distinctive form of pastoralism had appeared on the steppes of Inner Eurasia.
●
●
●
Answer Choices
○The domesticated horse is primarily responsible for Inner Eurasian pastoralism's success in mobility and warfare.
○As pastoralists traveled across large areas of terrain with their domesticated animals, they traded valuable material goods such as silks and jewelry.
○Because pastoralists are highly mobile, they tend to have few material possessions and can influence the culture, ecology, and language of very large areas.
○Because pastoralism requires a great deal of land to support its animal-based lifeway, pastoralists must continually relocate and have comparatively egalitarian societies.
○Most scholars now believe that Indo-European languages probably evolved during the Neolithic period in the region of the Don and Dnieper rivers.
○Pastoralist communities do not have social classes in the usual sense because they value spiritual attainment over material wealth.

328096728UID: 3116479

The reading passage is about the issue of whether online encyclopedias are beneficial. The professor's lecture is concerned with the same issue. However, she insists that online encyclopedias are much better than traditional, printed encyclopedias, which presents sufficient evidence to support her idea.

First, the reading passage suggests that contributors to communal online encyclopedias often lack academic credentials; the professor argues in the lecture that there are many mistakes on traditional encyclopedias. This is because no one would modify them, which means the mistakes maybe remain for several decades. Apparently, the professor's argument disproves its counterpart in the reading.

Furthermore, despite the statement in the reading that online encyclopedias would provide more opportunities to fabricate, delete, and corrupt, the professor contends that the format of traditional encyclopedias would be not changed for many years. Then she strengthens this point with the fact that the information on the traditional encyclopedias would be wrong, but on online encyclopedias, there are many people to modify them.

The professor asserts that those popular information are based on the people's interests, whereas the author of the reading claims that the information they find on online encyclopedias may be not the important or desirable one they want. The professor proves that this claims are indefensible by pointing out that there are judgments groups focus on the people's interests.

Based on the argument offered above, the professor clearly identifies the weaknesses in the reading passage and forcefully shows that the main point in the reading is unconvincing.

jisiguangyiUID: 2264015

十分感谢！

jisiguangyiUID: 2264015

十分感谢！

jisiguangyiUID: 2264015

这里的人都很好

jisiguangyiUID: 2264015

初次来，多关照

jisiguangyiUID: 2264015

不太会使用

jisiguangyiUID: 2264015

有人乐意帮我吗

jisiguangyiUID: 2264015

很乐意和大家交朋友