问一道吴中东社科类真题31的阅读题

daidi1990UID: 2893615

  Writing of the Iroquois nation, Smith has argued that through the chiefs’ council, tribal chiefs traditionally maintained complete control over the political affairs of both the Iroquois tribal league and the individual tribes belonging to the league, whereas the sole jurisdiction over religious affairs resided with the shamans. According to Smith, this division was maintained until the late nineteenth century, when the dissolution of the chiefs’ council and the consequent diminishment of the chiefs’ political power fostered their increasing involvement in religious affairs.
　　However, Smith fails to recognize that this division of power between the tribal chiefs and shamans was not actually rooted in Iroquois tradition; rather, it resulted from the Iroquois’ resettlement on reservations early in the nineteenth century. Prior to resettlement, the chiefs’ council controlled only the broad policy of the tribal league; individual tribes had institutions—most important, the longhouse—to govern their own affairs. In the longhouse, the tribe’s chief influenced both political and religious affairs.


The author of the passage implies that which of the following occurred after the Iroquois were resettled on reservations early in the nineteenth century?
　　(A) Chiefs became more involved in their tribes’ religious affairs.
　　(B) The authority of the chiefs’ council over the affairs of individual tribes increased.
　　(C) The political influence of the Iroquois shamans was diminished.
　　(D) Individual tribes coalesced into the Iroquois tribal league.
　　(E) The longhouse because a political rather than a religious institution.

答案选的是C，我选的是B

根据原文,prior to resettlement,chief是控制broad policy,individual tribes是归long house管。在resettlement之后，chief是完全控制了political affairs of both the league and the individual tribes belonging to the league。根据这种对比，B是错在哪里了呢？

而且说shamans diminished.但是就全文而看，不是只有一处提到shamans 主要控制jurisdiction吗，没有对比，如果能看出diminish了呢？？

麻烦各位帮忙解答下~~~~~

tkt111UID: 3453443

Prior to resettlement后面的内容：the chiefs’ council 只控制broad policy of the tribal league
后面的the tribe’s chief是在longhouse里面，和之前的 chiefs’ council并不一样，在这之前这些chief就开始influenced both political and religious affairs. 但是随着上文提到的resettlement导致的division，那么这个程度是变深了，所以shamans was diminished

B是不可能的，因为前文提到了 chiefs’ council最后dissolution了

daidi1990UID: 2893615

tkt111 发表于 2013-11-22 21:13
Prior to resettlement后面的内容：the chiefs’ council 只控制broad policy of the tribal league
后面的 ...

谢谢，我做题的时候是一直把concil和chief混合在一起了，现在明白B错在哪里了。

但是对于C选项，我还是有些疑问。。。答案解析是说在resettlement之后，“部落酋长完全控制政治事务；萨满教僧只管辖(the sole jurisdiction)宗教事务”所以作者言下之意就是shamans diminished

真心表示理解无能啊。。看文章的话我还会觉得shamans好牛，整个jurisdictiion都归他们管。。（所以我这是又跑偏了么。。）

麻烦你如果有时间的话帮忙解释一下吧~~

tkt111UID: 3453443

daidi1990 发表于 2013-11-23 10:31
谢谢，我做题的时候是一直把concil和chief混合在一起了，现在明白B错在哪里了。

但是对于C选项，我还是 ...

总体是这样的，在resettlement之前，部落酋长完全控制政治事务；萨满教僧只管辖(the sole jurisdiction)宗教事务，Smith认为是dissolution of council导致了 diminishment of the chiefs’ political power fostered their increasing involvement in religious affairs. 前面提到的 diminishment of the chiefs’ political power fostered their increasing involvement in religious affairs. 是正确的，但是Smith忽略了这个事情并不是因为dissolution of the chiefs’ council 而死因为 resettlement，后面第一段提到的 chief increase involvement in religious affairs自然就削弱了shaman的 jurisdiction over religious affairs

daidi1990UID: 2893615

tkt111 发表于 2013-11-23 13:53
总体是这样的，在resettlement之前，部落酋长完全控制政治事务；萨满教僧只管辖(the sole jurisdiction ...

多谢~我再理解一下~