原创 <逻辑> 难题解析 -- 002

chairmanmaoUID: 3420525

Two paleontologists, Dr. Tyson and Dr. Rees, disagree over the interpretation of certain footprints that were left among other footprints in hardened volcanic ash at site G. Dr. Tyson claims they are clearly early hominid footprints since they show human characteristics: a squarish heel and a big toe immediately adjacent to the next toe. However, since the footprints indicate that if hominids made those prints they would have had to walk in an unexpected cross-stepping manner, by placing the left foot to the right of the right foot, Dr. Rees rejects Dr. Tyson’s conclusion.

The disagreement between the two paleontologists is over which one of the following?
a.        The relative significance of various aspects of the evidence
b.        The assumption the early hominid footprints are distinguishable from other footprints
c.        The possibility of using the evidence of footprints to determine the gait of the creature that made those footprints
d.        The assumption that evidence from one paleontologic site is enough to support a conclusion
e.        The likelihood that early hominids would have walked upright on two feet

解析：
这题的逻辑关系如下
1.        Heel/toe 》》Hominid （T的论点）
2.        Hominid》》cross-stepping manner （T和R公认的公理）
3.        Cross-stepping manner 》》hominid （T和R公认的公理）
如果2和3都成立，则hominid = cross-stepping manner， 那么T和R就不存在disagreement，但3不成立，而T的证据（1）和3不相关，所以答案应该是A