36套 EX22 第10题

frankzhhUID: 3551391

拜托大家解析一下这道题，感谢！

The transplantation of organs from one individual to another normally involves two major problems: (1) organ rejection is likely unless the transplantation antigens of both individuals are nearly identical, and (2) the introduction of any unmatched transplantation antigens induces the development by the recipient of donor-specific lymphocytes that will produce violent rejection of further transplantations from that donor. However, we have found that, among many strains of rats, liver transplants are never rejected, and that they even induce a state of donor-specific unresponsiveness. Our hypothesis is that (1) many strains of rats simply cannot mount a sufficiently vigorous destructive immune-response (using lymphocytes) to outstrip the liver‘s relatively great capacity to protect itself from immune-response damage and that (2) the systemic unresponsiveness observed is due to concentration of the recipient‘s donor-specific lymphocytes at the site of the liver transplant. (138 words)

10. Which of the following new findings about strains
of rats that do not normally reject liver transplants,
if true, would support the authors‘ hypothesis?

I. Stomach transplants are accepted by the
recipients in all cases.
II. Increasing the strength of the recipient‘s
immune-response reaction can induce
liver-transplant rejection.
III. Organs from any other donor can be transplanted
without rejection after liver transplantation.
IV. Preventing lymphocytes from being concentrated
at the liver transplant produces acceptance of skin
transplants.

(A) II only
(B) I and III only
(C) II and IV only
(D) I, II, and III only
(E) I, III, and IV only

frankzhhUID: 3551391

在线等。明天就考了哎

清可UID: 3553514

答案选A， I. stomach和题目无关，II.是正确的，和hypothesis(1)相对应，III.是错误的，和hypothesis(2)相违背，IV.和题目无关
阅读1：参考翻译；

由一人向另一人的器官移植（transplantation of organs）通常会涉及两个主要问题：（1）除非两个的移植抗原（transplantation　antigens）近乎相同，不然的话，器官排斥（organ rejection）就有可能发生；（2）任何不相匹配的移植抗原的引入，会在受移植者（recipient）身上诱发供者特异性淋巴细胞（donor-specificlymphocytes），而这些淋巴细胞将对来自那个供者的进一步移植作出强烈的排斥作用。但是，我们已经发现，在许多种老鼠之间，这些移植法的“常规”并没有被肝脏移植物所遵循。肝脏移植物非但从没遭到过排斥，甚至还诱发了一种供者特异性无应答状态（donor-specific unresponsiveness），在此状态中，随后来自那个供者其它器官的移植物，如皮肤，会永久地被接受。我们的假设是：（1）许多种老鼠纯粹就是无法（利用淋巴细胞）发起一场足够强功的摧毁性免疫应答（immune-response），以压倒肝脏相对较强的保护自身免遭免疫应答损害的能力；（2）所观察到的系统性无应答状态，是由于受移植者的供者特异性淋巴细胞集结在肝脏移植物所在的部位所致。

frankzhhUID: 3551391

清可 发表于 2014-8-17 05:00
答案选A， I. stomach和题目无关，II.是正确的，和hypothesis(1)相对应，III.是错误的，和hypothesis(2)相违 ...

考完了才看到，不过还是很感谢你！祝好运！