The following appeared as appeared as part of an article in a business magazine.
A recent study rating 300 male and female Mentian advertising executives according to the average numbers of hours they sleep per night showed an association between the amount of sleep the executives need and the success of their firms. Of the advertising firms studies, those whose executives reported no more than 6 hours of sleep per night had higher profit margins and faster growth. These results suggests that if a business wants to prosper, it should hire only people who need less than 6 hours of sleep per night.
Write a response in which you examine the stated and/or unstated assumptions of the argument. Be sure to explain how the argument depends on these assumptions and what the implications are for the argument if the assumptions prove unwarranted.
1.调查本身的可信度,范围和代表性以及真实性
2.Profit margins and faster growth 可能存在其他原因,比如企业正在处于上升期,创新力等等
3.基于这个关系,建议招睡得少的人。有些时候睡得少代表勤奋刻苦,但是也许这些人效率低,身体不是很健康。
The author based a recent study of advertising executives’ sleep conditions suggests that a business should hire only people with need of less than 6 hours in order for its prosperity and development.It is seemingly reasonable that workers with less sleep are considered as more hard-working and then bring about more profits for companies. This argument, however, is rife with several holes and assumptions, and thus not strong enough to end with the conclusion.
First of all, the author found the potential association between the number of sleep and success of firms building upon the assumption that the cited study covering 300 male and female Mentian advertising executives is representative and valid. It is possible that the scope and validity of survey is questionable. For example, these surveyed executives are highly likely to declare falsely in their sleep length because they hope to create an impression of assiduity. Another worry is about its sampling, namely that whether a result deriving from advertising accompanies could be extended to all kind of business. If self-reports of executives are not authentic or there exists remarkable differences between advertising companies and other kinds of business, the suggested association may not be true.
While rooted in the study there is truly a tenuous association between less sleep and the profit of business, we still can not conceivably accept this implication that higher profit margins and faster growth is only resulted from executives’ less sleep. As we know, the success of business can be attributed to a series of reasons such as business’s core value, workers’ creativity and responsibility. We do not know if other key factors always impacting a business’s development have been investigated. Perhaps the other factors were more influential and crucial in determining a business’s success, which would thus weaken the author’s implication.
On the basis of the implication that executives’ less sleep would lead to a business’s success, the author suggested that those people who need no more than 6 hours per night should be hired for its future developments. If less sleep could be equivalent to assiduity and high quality, it may be true. For example, Google’s engineers who contribute a lot to success of Google, spend much time in creativity of products and improvement of service and thus sleep less. By contrast, if a worker sleep less than 6 hours due to procrastination and poor efficiency, he or she would bring about negative influences on a business’s development in the long term. Consequently, the author’s suggestion depending on the assumption that less sleep in fact can result in high profits instead of cutting down a business’s interests could not be accepted without what specific reasons lead to less sleep.
A lazy worker spends less time in working, abates the overall efficiency, and impedes a business’s long-term development. We as a recruiter are more willing to hire hard-working people, but more abilities and traits pertaining to a worker are should also be included into consideration. The author’s argument can be reasonable unless those above assumptions prove warranted.
主体:1.对于技术的开发者来说,技术的不断发展对他们提出越来越高的要求,in response to the rapid develpopment, 他们不断提高自己的思考能力。举例子:a.以前的手机设计者只需要满足通话和短信的功能,而现在的手机设计者要满足人们越来越膨胀的互联网以及多媒体需求,手机越来越成为了一个随身携带的微型电脑,如何让手机更加方便地被携带,更加流畅地被使用,实现更多的功能成为了一个始终悬挂在设计者心中的命题,这种不断的思考会提高手机开发者的思考能力;b.化妆品(cosmetics)不断改进,满足女人们不断上升的对美的追求;seaweed mask,sleeping mask 海藻可以美白,吸附毛孔中的dirt and dust,晚上是皮肤skin修复的最佳时机,。。。
2。对于技术的监管者来说,技术的发展给人们带来了更多的行为上的自由,而更多的自由意味着更多的监管。监管者面临的挑战:a.克隆技术:克隆人是否道德?克隆人也是人,是否能和其他人类拥有一样的权利?滥用克隆可能会带来的坏处:一个电影。世界上出现另一种种族歧视,克隆人团结起来反抗人类。。b.转基因食物:nutrition damage,uncertainty about the security,new illness, allergy。。。c.互联网对人们的隐私(primacy)的侵犯:明星的裸照曝光,造成这个明星事业的崩塌。。。这些都给监管者的监管提出了更高的要求,而这些要求会不断提高监管者的管理水平。
3.然而,对于技术的使用者来说,技术的发展会让他们在某些方面,比如计算,检索信息等,对技术形成依赖,某些方面的能力就会下降,比如计算器/机的产生使人们的计算能力下降,随身携带的手机笔记本使人们对于日程的记忆力下降,手机新闻,电视新闻放纵了人们的懒癌,人们主动检索信息,判断信息的能力下降。但是值得注意的一点是,人们使用技术的一个功能是省下时间来做更需要花费自己的精力的事,而在做这些事的同时,人们相应的能力也会有所提高。比如,人们用技术省下时间来更多地阅读有意义的书籍,去到更开阔自己眼界的国家去旅行,做更多提高自己能力的工作,参加一些符合自己未来职业需求的培训,这些都会提高人们的思维能力,而不是降低。
tesolchina 发表于 2014-10-26 17:30
Issue 62
Leaders are created by the demands that are placed on them.
Write a response in which ...
老师,这是我根据您的提纲修改出的自己范文,修改出的自己的提纲,您看看可不可以~
开头:问句引出问题(本文的论点是:时势造英雄,但英雄自身也需要具备相应的能力)/on the one hand,领导的产生与demands紧密相关,比如战争年代领导战胜胜利的将军,非战争年代谁也没法成为带兵打仗的将军,on the other hand,成为领导的前提是具备相关的能力,如专业知识经验,沟通能力,组织协调能力(把对的人放在对的位置),如果仅仅有demands,但是人的能力无法满足demands,也是无法成为领导的。
tesolchina 发表于 2015-2-24 16:54
4) Scandals are useful because they focus our attention on problems in ways that no speaker or refor ...
请老师帮我看看我学习范文之后写的作文!
"Scandals are useful because they focus our attention on problems in ways that no speaker or reformer ever could.
Write a response in which you discuss the extent to which you agree or disagree with the claim. In developing and supporting your position, be sure to address the most compelling reasons and/or examples that could be used to challenge your position. "
全文:16:00--16:50 50 minutes 464 words
With the rapid development and wide use of media, scandals are coming into being and then spreading out every day especially of politicians, athletes and entertainment stars. Some people hold the view that scandals are useful because they attract attention on problems more efficiently than speaks and all other types of propagandas. In my opinion, I agree with this view to a large extent even though there exists some deleterious influences of scandals.
Scandals indeed could be applied to focus audience’s attention on some important problems waiting for us to solve urgently. From the perspective of psychologists, negative information tends to attract more attention from people than positive information because negative information imply that if we don’t pay enough attention to the problem, something dangerous and harmful may happen and cause a serious damage. After a plenty of years’ evolution, people become so risk-aversive that they will deal with the negative information including scandal more arduously than positive news. That is to say, scandals are inherently more appealing than other types of propaganda. In addition, from the perspective of sociologist, scandals are resulted from the apex of conflict. To be more specific, the process of scandal engender is: after being overlooked for an amount of years, the problem becomes more serious and someone who can’t stand it any longer reveals the problem in front of the eyes of the public. Scandal is closely associated with high severity and urgency, which is another reason why scandal can attract people’s attention to a high extent.
Nevertheless, using the scandal way to arouse public’s attention to a problem will also cause some other problems though these problems might not be as important and urgent as the problem hidden behind the scandal. These problems include social instability, wrong focus of the public and exaggeration of the problem. For example, in the Water Gate Event, the behavior of President Nixon leads to people’s organized parade on a large scale which will cause the society to be unstable. Also, considering the Clinton Scandal with Lewinski, the public pay much attention to the detail of how Clinton and Lewinski make love and even whether oral sex could be counted as sex instead of to whether the president should keep to the basic moral standards and be honest to the public. It is meaningless if people divide their attention in this way.
In conclusion, scandal is like a sword with two sides -- focusing the public’s attention on the problem at the same time causing other problems. Nonetheless, if we can predict the possible problems in advance, take some steps to overcome these side effects, and use scandals in a rational and controlled way, scandals can serve as an productive tool to focus people’s attention on the problem waiting to be solved.