Argument 40 提纲

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Arg 40 dairy products increase the risk of osteoporosis -o

Argument model essays and outlines

Milk and dairy products are rich in vitamin D and calcium - substances essential for building and maintaining bones.Many people therefore say that a diet rich in dairy products can help prevent osteoporosis, a disease that is linked to both environmental and genetic factors and that causes the bones to weaken significantly with age.But a long-term study of a large number of people found that those who consistently consumed dairy products throughout the years of the study have a higher rate of bone fractures than any other participants in the study.Since bone fractures are symptomatic of osteoporosis, this study result shows that a diet rich in dairy products may actually increase, rather than decrease, the risk of osteoporosis.

Write a response in which you discuss what specific evidence is needed to evaluate the argument and explain how the evidence would weaken or strengthen the argument.


G1: Milk and dairy products are rich in vitamin D and calcium - substances essential for building and maintaining bones.
C1: Many people therefore say that a diet rich in dairy products can help prevent osteoporosis,

G2: a disease that is linked to both environmental and genetic factors and that causes the bones to weaken significantly with age.
G3: But a long-term study of a large number of people found that those who consistently consumed dairy products throughout the years of the study have a higher rate of bone fractures than any other participants in the study.
G4: Since bone fractures are symptomatic of osteoporosis,

C2: this study result shows that a diet rich in dairy products may actually increase, rather than decrease, the risk of osteoporosis.


C1 and C2 contradicts


A1 (G4): People with bone fractures are necessarily patients with osteoporosis.

A2 (G3): The participants who consume dairy products are not more vulnerable to osteoporosis than the general population (The samples in the study are representative for the general population).

A3 (G3, C2): A diet rich in dairy products would increase the risk of osteoporosis.


whether the people with bone fractures actually have osteoporosis
- bone fractures may also be caused by trauma or falls
- bone fractures as symptoms of other conditions (certain cancer)

whether the participants who consume dairy products are more vulnerable to osteoporosis
- age, gender and lifestyles
- occupation
- genetic makeup

The isolated effects of taking more dairy products
- people who are vulnerable may take more diary products
- set up control group who do not take much dairy products
- factors mentioned above have to be controlled



Argument范文与提纲目录(tesolchina)
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