135) The data from a survey of high school math and science teachers show that in the district of Sanlee many of these teachers reported assigning daily homework, whereas in the district of Marlee, most science and math teachers reported assigning homework no more than two or three days per week. Despite receiving less frequent homework assignments, Marlee students earn better grades overall and are less likely to be required to repeat a year of school than are students in Sanlee. These results call into question the usefulness of frequent homework assignments. Most likely the Marlee students have more time to concentrate on individual assignments than do the Sanlee students who have homework every day. Therefore teachers in our high schools should assign homework no more than twice a week.
Write a response in which you discuss what specific evidence is needed to evaluate the argument and explain how the evidence would weaken or strengthen the argument.
137) While the Department of Education in the state of Attra recommends that high school students be assigned homework every day, the data from a recent statewide survey of high school math and science teachers give us reason to question the usefulness of daily homework. In the district of Sanlee, 86 percent of the teachers reported assigning homework three to five times a week, whereas in the district of Marlee, less than 25 percent of the teachers reported assigning homework three to five times a week. Yet the students in Marlee earn better grades overall and are less likely to be required to repeat a year of school than are the students in Sanlee. Therefore, all teachers in our high schools should assign homework no more than twice a week.
Write a response in which you examine the stated and/or unstated assumptions of the argument. Be sure to explain how the argument depends on these assumptions and what the implications are for the argument if the assumptions prove unwarranted.
140) While the Department of Education in the state of Attra suggests that high school students be assigned homework every day, the data from a recent statewide survey of high school math and science teachers give us reason to question the usefulness of daily homework. In the district of Sanlee, 86 percent of the teachers reported assigning homework three to five times a week, whereas in the district of Marlee, less than 25 percent of the teachers reported assigning homework three to five times a week. Yet the students in Marlee earn better grades overall and are less likely to be required to repeat a year of school than are the students in Sanlee. Therefore, we recommend that all teachers in our high schools should assign homework no more than twice a week.
Write a response in which you discuss what questions would need to be answered in order to decide whether the recommendation and the argument on which it is based are reasonable. Be sure to explain how the answers to these questions would help to evaluate the recommendation.
G1: While the Department of Education in the state of Attra suggests that high school students be assigned homework every day,
C1: the data from a recent statewide survey of high school math and science teachers give us reason to question the usefulness of daily homework.
G2: In the district of Sanlee, 86 percent of the teachers reported assigning homework three to five times a week, whereas in the district of Marlee, less than 25 percent of the teachers reported assigning homework three to five times a week.
G3: Yet the students in Marlee earn better grades overall and are less likely to be required to repeat a year of school than are the students in Sanlee.
C2: Therefore, we recommend that all teachers in our high schools should assign homework no more than twice a week.
A1 (G2, C1): The survey results are reliable.
A2 (G2, C1, C2): The amount of the homework is considered in the comparison.
A3 (G2, G3): The better grades and less need to repeat a year are results of more frequent homework.
A4 (G2, C2): The survey results are applicable to all teachers in all high schools.
the usefulness of the survey results
- whether the self-reported data is reliable (teachers may have incentive to lie)
- whether the science and math teachers could represent all the teachers
the amount of homework, the teaching and the feedback
- how much homework is assigned each time
- whether the homework is carefully designed to support the teaching
- whether feedback was carefully given
the other factors that may affect the learning outcome
- the requirement for repeating may be different
- Marlee students may be smarter
- Marlee teachers may be better trained or better paid