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自我感觉例子不丰富,特别是后两段,希望牛人帮助提供~多谢先
------题目------
Censorship is rarely, if ever, justified.
提纲:
1审查制度为政府统治服务,难以公平
2标准难以确定
3没有有效的监督
------正文------
Has censorship ever been justified? I concede that on certain occasions like protecting the youth from the impact of violence and eroticism, censorship plays a crucial role. However, in most cases, censorship is always unjustified, which is dependent on its purpose, uncertain standard, and lacking effective surveillance.
To begin with, it is because the government unfairly makes use of censorship to rule out some information stacked against its domination. In history, censorship was established to safeguard class interest, which usually was adverse to public good and impeded social advancement. Since modern newspaper was born, British government had legislated a law, which stipulated that newspaper should not cover anything about the parliament. And before Independence War, American newspaper was also under strict control from British colonists. Any defiant reporters would be punished and persecuted severely. In fact, these cases are very common in the process of media development. Even today, the strict control on information's circulation is everywhere. See some American employees related to media, who had been dismissed because during Iraq War, their reports went beyond the allowed range. These cases illustrate that the censorship, serving for the government's reign, is seldom fair.
Besides, it is difficult to establish a reasonable standard of censorship, which is another possible reason to explain why censorship is rarely justified. For one thing, many artworks, beyond the common one's understanding, may not be accepted by the mediocre censors. In fact, they do not have enough skills and knowledge to appreciate the value of artworks. And their imperious interference has two consequences. These unlucky artworks will be either completely excluded or cut down whimsically, which greatly damage the integrity of the artworks. For example, many foreign movies suffer this arbitrary abridgement and lose their artistic values. What’s worse, the incoherent scenarios often puzzle the audience and disturb their comprehension. For another thing, the censors, for the sake of their self-interest, unfairly eliminate the works of some honest artists who would not like to give them money or gifts, or permit some unqualified works. Furthermore, cultural clashes and political stands also contribute to the unfair consequence of examination. Obviously, it is these unwarranted interferences that destroy the credibility and fairness of censorship.
Since there is no organ that serves as a supervisor for the censors, the justice of censorship will remain unsecured. As we all know, the greater the power, the greater the abuse. Without monitors, there would be no restrictions placed on the censors, which make them boldly and arbitrarily eliminate or tamper with others' works. If so, the censorship would never be justified. On the contrary, the reasonable surveillance will not only help to establish a scientific standard to assess the censors' professional qualifications but also act as a deterrent to avoid the misuse of their authorities. Both benefit the justice of censorship.
To sum up, the censorship, as long as it serves for the government alone, cannot be justified unless there is a scientific and proper supervisory organ to control the boundless authority. Also, the government should be more tolerant to the diverse cultures and arts to adapt to the globalization tendency. |
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