ISSUE51 修改在５楼，谢谢大家

sallyxinduUID: 2131253

51"Education will be truly effective only when it is specifically designed to meet the individual needs and interests of each student."
Outline
1，        初级教育是培养基本能力，所以应该是强制性的而并非按学生个人的喜好实施。初级教育的目的以及内容是相对固定的，但是实施的方法还是最好从孩子各自的特点喜好出发，因人而异
2，        高等教育是社会进步的推动力，需要各个相关专业专业人才，所以最有效的教育是从有相关专业兴趣的学生入手。但是，这种兴趣和潜力必须是对社会有积极作用的，否则将带来不利的后果。

正文
Education, by definition of a public activity with every individual person in the society paticipating in, is proverbially acknowledged as the most efficacious resort that the government or some other relevant institutions impose on each single huam being as a measn to propell the better development of the world. Nevertheless, the author oversimplifies the conception of education when declaring that education will be truly effective on condition that it’s specifically designed to satisfy every student’s needs and interests,because different education in different phase is receptive to different educational pattern and serves to fullfill what the society is in dire need of at that time. Under such circumstance, we should, at least, classify education into the elementary one and higher one and orient them to disparate groups of students respectively.

In the first place, the very aim of fundamental education is to cultivate the all-rounded capabilities of children so as to, on the one hand, habituate them to the continuously variational world, on the other hand, endow children with the basic psychological and physical skills, to survial in the sociey and contribute to the society finally. In terms of this, over-specified education does no good in the long run since it narrows down students’ ken and acclimation to future career and the flexibility of the society. In this sense, fundamental education is to everlasting education what foundation stone is to pyramid. Consider, could a student capture the opportunity to be educated if he does not even know how to walk to school, which is included as one of the basic skills? can a student ask teachers questions without having the underlying ability to communicate with others? Would Shakspear, the towering authority in literatuer have indited the great Four Tragedies had he obtained no such a good command of language? Would the famous physicist Archemides have calculated out law of buoyance had he had no capability of doing the basic mathematic calculation? Then, without these great people’s achivements in the relevant fields, can our society pace forward to a better status? The answers to all these questions is an absolute “no”. Consequently,for the benefits of individuals and society’s process at large, it would be highly recommendable that the curricula arranged  in elementary school adopt the full-scale and compulsory model. Nevertheless, the methods used in comprehensive education should be diverse and in accordance with every individual student’s character and aptitude so as to make them be the best fit to each student respectively.

In contrast wich fundamental education, the objective of higher education per se bears big difference from that of elemantary education. In this phase, education falls to large measure on pragmatic utility, paying much attention to specified talents who bear the immediate interest to the conspicuous(if the influence on social development in elementary education is potential and cannot be demonstrated easily, higher education’s influence on societal development is conspicuous and tangible) development in every professional field. An illunimating example in point involves China’s honorable event of launching airplane Divine Land 6（神州6号是这样说吧，不太清楚）in October,2005 which was attributed a lot to the experts' expertise in astronomy. What’s more, in terms of relationship between achivements and potential, Plato could make a miracle in philosophy while his mathematic skill may bellow the average level of pupils, a born singer could as well be a loser in dance while she is undeniably a winner in singing. In these cases,there’s no hardness for us the reach the conclusion: only throught educating in accrodance with students’ interests and needs could our higher education be “profitable”. As a matter of fact, this conception of higher education was pointed out by a great Chinese educator Confucius in the remote antiquity and Confucius advocate catering individual needs and enhancing their interests of learning. Every coin has two sides, however, the extent to which higher education cater students’ needs and interests should be at the apporpriate level, or things will trun to the negative side. That is to say, students’ interest must guarantee positive effect on society or it must be truned down or even eliminated, say, a student’s potential or interest in stealing is definitely doomed to be eradicated.

In the final analysis,having viewed all the aspects above, we should draw the conclusion that education in elemantary phase should be designed to train all-sided basic skills while the aim of higher education is to produce specified talents whith the potential and interest in this field. In the meanwhile, however, winking at students’ unreasonable desires will only resut in chaos in education.

[ Last edited by sallyxindu on 2005-12-22 at 16:30 ]

BerlinbearUID: 207694

哈哈，沙发！~~

BerlinbearUID: 207694

51"Education will be truly effective only when it is specifically designed to meet the individual needs and interests of each student."
Outline
1、初级教育是培养基本能力，所以应该是强制性的而并非按学生个人的喜好实施。（那为什么因材施教不能达到培养基本能力的目的呢？~~）初级教育的目的以及内容是相对固定的，但是实施的方法还是最好从孩子各自的特点喜好出发，因人而异
2、高等教育是社会进步的推动力，需要各个相关专业专业人才，所以最有效的教育是从有相关专业兴趣的学生入手。但是，这种兴趣和潜力必须是对社会有积极作用的，否则将带来不利的后果。

正文
Education, by definition of a public activity with every individual person in the society participating in, is proverbially acknowledged as the most efficacious resort that the government or some other relevant institutions impose on each single huam being as a means to propel the better development of the world. Nevertheless, the author oversimplifies the conception of education when declaring that education will be truly effective on condition that it’s specifically designed to satisfy every student’s needs and interests, because different education in different phase is receptive to different educational pattern and serves to fulfill what the society is in dire need of at that time. Under such circumstance, we should, at least, classify education into the elementary one and higher one and orient them to disparate groups of students respectively.

In the first place, the very aim of fundamental education is to cultivate the all-rounded capabilities of children so as to, on the one hand, habituate them to the continuously variational world, on the other hand, endow children with the basic psychological and physical skills, to survial in the sociey and contribute to the society finally. (整句话好像有点过长了，on the other hand这半句可以考虑另写成一句。~~)In terms of this, over-specified education does no good in the long run since it narrows down students’ ken and acclimation to future career and the flexibility of the society. In this sense, fundamental education is to everlasting education what foundation stone is to pyramid. Consider, could a student capture the opportunity to be educated if he does not even know how to walk to school, which is included as one of the basic skills? （是否学会走路好像不是学校教育的内容吧？...换成reading之类的可能好一点~）can a student ask teachers questions without having the underlying ability to communicate with others? Would Shakspear, the towering authority in literatuer have indited the great Four Tragedies had he obtained no such a good command of language? Would the famous physicist Archemides have calculated out law of buoyance had he had no capability of doing the basic mathematic calculation? Then, without these great people’s achivements in the relevant fields, can our society pace forward to a better status? The answers to all these questions is an absolute “no”. Consequently,for the benefits of individuals and society’s process at large, it would be highly recommendable that the curricula arranged  in elementary school adopt the full-scale and compulsory model. Nevertheless, the methods used in comprehensive education should be diverse and in accordance with every individual student’s character and aptitude so as to make them be the best fit to each student respectively.（根据提纲来看，初等教育应固定基本内容并采取多样的教学方式两方面应该是这一段平衡的两个方面，至少也应再多花一些篇幅在多样化手段方面上，以扣住题目中的重点，个性化教育的主题~~~个人意见，供参考，呵呵~~）

In contrast wich fundamental education, the objective of higher education per se bears big difference from that of elemantary education. In this phase, education falls to large measure on pragmatic utility, paying much attention to specified talents who bear the immediate interest to the conspicuous(if the influence on social development in elementary education is potential and cannot be demonstrated easily, higher education’s influence on societal development is conspicuous and tangible) development in every professional field. An illunimating example in point involves China’s honorable event of launching airplane Divine Land 6（神州6号是这样说吧，不太清楚）in October,2005 which was attributed a lot to the experts' expertise in astronomy. What’s more, in terms of relationship between achievements and potential, Plato could make a miracle in philosophy while his mathematic skill may bellow the average level of pupils, a born singer could as well be a loser in dance while she is undeniably a winner in singing. （缺少对于例子中特别教育的作用，会感觉后面的结论出来的比较突然~~））In these cases,there’s no hardness for us to reach the conclusion: only throught educating in accrodance with students’ interests and needs could our higher education be “profitable”. As a matter of fact, this conception of higher education was pointed out by a great Chinese educator Confucius in the remote antiquity and Confucius advocate catering individual needs and enhancing their interests of learning. Every coin has two sides, however, the extent to which higher education cater students’ needs and interests should be at the apporpriate level, or things will trun to the negative side. That is to say, students’ interest must guarantee positive effect on society or it must be truned down or even eliminated, say, a student’s potential or interest in stealing is definitely doomed to be eradicated.（这段中感觉上对于因材施教好处的分析和必要性论述的不是很深入，几个例子和结论之间还有点距离~）

In the final analysis,having viewed all the aspects above, we should draw the conclusion that education in elemantary phase should be designed to train all-sided basic skills while the aim of higher education is to produce specified talents whith the potential and interest in this field. In the meanwhile, however, winking at students’ unreasonable desires will only result in chaos in education.

有些小的拼写错误没一一改出，要辛苦你的partner了~:lol
文章的立场鲜明，不过有些地方分析不太深入，比如初等教育中特别教育的限制等方面没有说到。
个人意见，仅供sally参考~~呵呵~~

sallyxinduUID: 2131253

谢谢天使的修改，我写这个真的是越写越多，刹不住车了．都是硬压下来的，自己也觉得很多地方转得太突然．
这个题目平衡观点很难分析透彻啊，我觉得自己要上千字才说得清楚．５５５杂办？这个写作策略看来考场不行，重新入手看看

sallyxinduUID: 2131253

51"Education will be truly effective only when it is specifically designed to meet the individual needs and interests of each student."
Outline
1，        初级教育是培养基本能力，所以应该是强制性的而并非按学生个人的喜好实施。
第一点在原来提纲的基础上完全删去可以在方法上因材施教，这样节省篇幅，把因采施放到后面的高等教育中讨论，大家觉得这样处理好吗？
2，   高等教育是社会进步的推动力，需要各个相关专业专业人才，所以最有效的　　　　教育是从有相关专业兴趣的学生入手。这些学生已经有了相关专业的兴趣和　　　　一定的兴趣，提高自然也快，相比更容易达到一个新的高度．
３，高等教育中因采施教有效提高了对专业深入的学习．兴趣和潜力催化这种深入学　　习．但前提是这种兴趣和潜力必须是对社会有积极作用的，否则将带来不利的后果。

正文
Education, by definition of a public activity with every individual person in the society paticipating in, is proverbially acknowledged as the most efficacious resort that the government or some other relevant institutions impose on each single huam being as a measn to propell the better development of the world. Nevertheless, the author oversimplifies the conception of education when declaring that education will be truly effective on condition that it’s specifically designed to satisfy every student’s needs and interests,because different education in different phase is receptive to different educational pattern and serves to fullfill what the society is in dire need of at that time. Under such circumstance, we should, at least, classify education into the elementary one and higher one and orient them to disparate groups of students respectively.

In the first place, the very aim of fundamental education is to cultivate the all-rounded capabilities of children so as to, on the one hand, habituate them to the continuously variational world, on the other hand, endow children with the basic psychological and physical skills, to survial in the sociey and contribute to the society finally. In terms of this, over-specified education does no good in the long run since it narrows down students’ ken and acclimation to future career and the flexibility of the society. Consider, could a student capture the opportunity to research literature masterpiece deeply  if he cannot even recognize words? can a student ask teachers questions without having the underlying ability to communicate with others? Would Shakspear, the towering authority in literatuer have indited the great Four Tragedies had he obtained no such a good command of language? Would the famous physicist Archemides have calculated out law of buoyance had he had no capability of doing the basic mathematic calculation? Then, without these great people’s achivements in the relevant fields, is it possible for our society to pace forward to a better status? The answers to all these questions is an absolute “no”. Consequently,for the benefits of individuals and society’s process at large, it would be highly recommendable that the curricula arranged  in elementary school adopt the full-scale and compulsory model which comprises basic abilities to recognize words, communicate, manipulate language,calculate and so forth as mentioned above.

In contrast wich fundamental education, the objective of higher education per se bears big difference from that of elemantary education. In this phase, educational goal falls to large measure on pragmatic utility, paying much attention to specified talents who bear the immediate interest to the development of transitional significance in every professional field. An illunimating example in point involves China’s honorable event of launching aircraft Shenzhou-6 in October,2005 which was attributed a lot to the expertise in astronomy. In this case,it cannot be denied that it's the profound specified knowledge in astronomy that made the launch a great event and only throught educating in accrodance with students’ interests and potential could our higher education be truly effective and  “profitable”.

As a matter of fact, this conception of higher education's differentiated model was pointed out by a great Chinese educator Confucius in the remote antiquity. Confucius advocated catering individual needs and enhancing their interests of learning. In most events, it's highly recommendable that high educatin focus on deepening professional research. In terms of this, students with relavent potential and interest stand more chances to do better than others in that they have already hold comparatively much knowledge in that field. Deep down, education in accordance with their rooted interests serves as the catalyzer to accelerate the process. Yet,every coin has two sides, the extent to which higher education cater students’ needs and interests should be at the apporpriate level, otherwise things will trun to the negative side. That is to say, students’ interest must guarantee positive effect on society or it must be truned down or even eliminated, say, a student’s potential or interest in stealing is definitely doomed to be eradicated.

In the final analysis,having viewed all the aspects above, we should draw the conclusion that education in elemantary phase should be designed to train all-sided basic skills while the aim of higher education is to produce specified talents whith the potential and interest in this field. In the meanwhile, however, winking at students’ unreasonable desires will only resut in chaos in education.

[ Last edited by sallyxindu on 2005-12-22 at 17:26 ]

superficialUID: 2151788

51"Education will be truly effective only when it is specifically designed to meet the individual needs and interests of each student."
Outline
1，        初级教育是培养基本能力，所以应该是强制性的而并非按学生个人的喜好实施。初级教育的目的以及内容是相对固定的，但是实施的方法还是最好从孩子各自的特点喜好出发，因人而异
2，        高等教育是社会进步的推动力，需要各个相关专业专业人才，所以最有效的教育是从有相关专业兴趣的学生入手。但是，这种兴趣和潜力必须是对社会有积极作用的，否则将带来不利的后果。

正文
Education, by definition of a public activity with every individual person in the society paticipating in, is proverbially acknowledged as the most efficacious这个单词我连见都没见过呢 resort that the government or some other relevant institutions impose on each single huam being as a measnmeans to propell the better development of the world. Nevertheless, the author oversimplifies the conception of education when declaring that education will be truly effective on condition that it’sit is specifically designed to satisfy every student’s needs and interests,because different education in different phase is receptive to different educational pattern and serves to fullfill what the society is in dire need of at that time. Under such circumstance, we should, at least, classify education into the elementary one and higher one and orient them to disparate groups of students respectively.

In the first place, the very aim of fundamental education is to cultivate the all-rounded capabilities of children so as to, on the one hand, habituate them to the continuously variational world, on the other hand, endow children with the basic psychological and physical skills, to survial in the sociey and contribute to the society finally. In terms of this, over-specified education does no good in the long run since it narrows down students’ ken and acclimation to future career and the flexibility of the society. In this sense, fundamental education is to everlasting education what foundation stone is to pyramid. 这个比喻用得好啊，请教组长，这样的句式时对的吧？我也想用呢~Consider, could a student capture the opportunity to be educated if he does not even know how to walk to school,嘿嘿，这个例子不是很有说服力，有些牵强 which is included as one of the basic skills? Can a student ask teachers questions without having the underlying ability to communicate with others?我觉得这个例子可以说成如果学生不掌握一些基本的知识，如何向老师发问 Would Shakspear, the towering authority in literatuerliterature have indited the great Four Tragedies had he obtained no such a good command of language? Would the famous physicist Archemides Archimedes have calculated out law of buoyance had he had no capability of doing the basic mathematic calculation? Then, without these great people’s achivements in the relevant fields, can our society pace forward to a better status? The answers to all these questions isare an absolute “no”. Consequently, for the benefits of individuals and society’s process at large, it would be highly recommendable that the curricula arranged in elementary school adopt the full-scale and compulsory model. Nevertheless, the methods used in comprehensive education should be diverse and in accordance with every individual student’s character and aptitude so as to make them be the best fit to each student respectively.

In contrast wichwith fundamental education, the objective of higher education per se这个难道就是传说中的法语？ bears big difference from that of elemantary education. In this phase, education falls to large measure on pragmatic utility, paying much attention to specified talents who bear the immediate interest to the conspicuous(if the influence on social development in elementary education is potential and cannot be demonstrated easily, higher education’s influence on societal development is conspicuous and tangible) development in every professional field. An illunimating illuminatingexample in point involves China’s honorable event of launching airplane Divine Land 6（神州6号是这样说吧，不太清楚）嘿嘿，sally想多了，神州6就是Shenzhou-6 spacecraftin October,2005 which was主动语态 attributed a lot to the experts' expertise 两个单词是同源词啊in astronomy. What’s more, in terms of relationship between achivements and potential, Plato could make a miracle in philosophy while his mathematic skill may bellow the average level of pupils, a born singer could as well be a loser in dance while she is undeniably a winner in singing. In these cases,there’s no hardness for us theto reach the conclusion: only throughtthrough educating in accrodanceaccordance with students’ interests and needs could our higher education be “profitable”. As a matter of fact, this conception of higher education was pointed out by a great Chinese educator Confucius in the remote antiquity and Confucius advocateadvocated catering individual needs and enhancing their interests of learning. Every coin has two sides, however, the extent to which higher education cater students’ needs and interests should be at the apporpriate level, or things will trun to the negative side. That is to say, students’ interest must guarantee positive effect on society or it must be truned down or even eliminated, say, a student’s potential or interest in stealing is definitely doomed to be eradicated.

In the final analysis,having viewed all the aspects above, we should draw the conclusion that education in elemantary phase should be designed to train all-sided basic skills while the aim of higher education is to produce specified talents whithwith the potential and interest in this field. In the meanwhile, however, winking at students’ unreasonable desires will only resut in chaos in education.

[size=4我爱寄托]抗议了，我刚改完贴上来就发现sally已经重写了，呜呜~再哭一个~

[ Last edited by superficial on 2005-12-22 at 14:30 ]

superficialUID: 2151788

2，   高等教育是社会进步的推动力，需要各个相关专业专业人才，所以最有效的　　　　教育是从有相关专业兴趣的学生入手。这些学生已经有了相关专业的兴趣和　　　　一定的兴趣，提高自然也快，相比更容易达到一个新的高度．
３，高等教育中因采施教有效提高了对专业深入的学习．兴趣和潜力催化这种深入学　　习．但前提是这种兴趣和潜力必须是对社会有积极作用的，否则将带来不利的后果。

这样的写法确实比较好，把高等教育和初级教育用同等的篇幅去写，给人的感觉是没有重点，这样一改就会突出高等教育在培养人才方面的作用。赞！

sallyxinduUID: 2131253

Originally posted by superficial at 2005-12-22 14:40


这样的写法确实比较好，把高等教育和初级教育用同等的篇幅去写，给人的感觉是没有重点，这样一改就会突出高等教育在培养人才方面的作用。赞！

我改完了你在帮我看看，谢谢superficial拉，呵呵
表哭表哭，还有得你改的

[ Last edited by sallyxindu on 2005-12-22 at 17:16 ]

gtrandUID: 2156108

　　将教育划分为初等教育与高等教育，属于把问题细化的方法，有助于打开思路，易于展开。但如果没有把问题的实质抓住，就会老是围着问题绕圈子，显得冗长但是松散。比如第一段前半部分，引出一段有关教育的定义，好象与后面并无紧密联系。第二段在论证时连续提出４个设问，但它们的角度都是一致的，最多两个也就足够了。有关神舟６号的例子，典型属于大而空的东西，还不如从自己身边找具体但更容易说明问题的例子。第四段有关孔子的例子也没有他到底是怎么说的内容。
　　其实issue是提出自己的观点，就可以选择自己最有把握的角度入手，不象我们原来在学校里学中文作文那样受到所谓正确的主题思想的限制，不必使用那些大而笼统的例子。在论证的时候，一定要想到持相反观点的人会怎么质问你，你先发制人将这些漏洞一一补上，让读者在阅读时发现他的问题已经得到了解答，他自然就会信服了。
　　如果要持一种均衡观点，则似乎可以表明，个性化教育从理论上来讲是一种理想化的教育模式，因为人的兴趣、需求和潜力各不相同，因材施教能够将教育与人的个性结合起来。这也是为什么现在越来越多的人开始施行所谓的“home schooling,'即家长让孩子离校，自己在家里教育。不过由于现实条件限制以及不同教育阶段的不同特点，个性化教育不仅不是唯一有效的方式，有时甚至连有效都谈不上。
　　比如初等教育，个性化教育一是不可行，二是没必要。很多人都指出，不用说满足每个学生的兴趣与需求，就是去一一了解他们的兴趣与需求都是一件困难的事情；而且学生仍在成长中，兴趣与需求也在不断变化之中，这就让个性化教育变得几乎不可能。为什么没必要？因为绝大多数基础性的内容是这个阶段必须掌握的，不管学生喜欢不喜欢都是如此，那么非个性化的教育就不仅是有效的，而且从经济学的角度来讲更具成本效益。
　　对于高等教育来说，它的形式本身就比初等教育更加个性化，因为学生可以选择自己的专业，还可以选修自己感兴趣的课程。这个阶段教育的任务是专业化，从发挥学生潜能的角度来说，满足个人兴趣与需求是很重要的。尽管如此，学生仍然有一些共同的东西要掌握，比如一些基础工具以及将来进入社会所必需的一些为人处事的技能等，个性化教育仍然需要与共性教育结合，就象你不能只选修、不学习必修课一样。
　　根据以上分析，再对比一下现行的教育体制有什么要改进的地方？从初等教育来说，个性化教育分量需要加大，学生的兴趣与需求应得到尽可能多的满足，咱们的普遍问题就是教与学脱节，不顾学生兴趣和需求强行灌输。美国的中学就引入了选修课程，这比我们是一大进步。高等教育呢，一方面共性教育需要加强，很多大学生仍然缺乏基本的人文知识，也缺乏适应社会的人际技能就反映了这个问题；另一方面个性化教育还可以更加灵活，比如允许学生更自由地转专业等。

superficialUID: 2151788

Originally posted by gtrand at 2005-12-22 22:17
　　将教育划分为初等教育与高等教育，属于把问题细化的方法，有助于打开思路，易于展开。但如果没有把问题的实质抓住，就会老是围着问题绕圈子，显得冗长但是松散。比如第一段前半部分，引出一段有关教育的定义， ...

PFPF,gtrand的思想实在是有深度！太厉害了。

sallyxinduUID: 2131253

gtrand的开导实在太有用了，看来这篇得重头来过了．谢谢，谢谢

果小冻UID: 208370

恩,以后就叫你牛姐姐了