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发表于 2006-12-29 17:28:11
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TOPIC: ISSUE17 - "There are two types of laws: just and unjust. Every individual in a society has a responsibility to obey just laws and, even more importantly, to disobey and resist unjust laws."
WORDS: 407 TIME: 0:55:00 DATE: 2006-12-29
Outline:
1。有些法律长时间以来都是正义的,所以遵守
2。随着社会发展,有些人们会发现法律是不正义的,这些人们有责任抵制不正义的法律
3。抵制不一定就是要不遵守,老百姓没有义务去不遵守这些不正义的法律
Laws in the human community constrain, regulate and sometime even shade human interaction. However, there is no guarantee that laws are justifiable. Thus, both just and unjust laws exist at any time of past and foreseeable human society. Then, it is natural to ask what attitude and reaction should we hold and carry out to these two components of laws. Slightly different to the speaker, I believe that every individual in a society has a responsibility to obey the just laws and resist unjust laws, but not to disobey the unjust one.
To begin with, a responsible citizen of a community should obey the just laws. Various countries have various laws at different point of time. However, there are some laws that are just no matter in what complicated situations. For example, one should not kill another person or persons, or sacrifice other human life for his/her own interest. Laws incorporated in any society attempt to protect human being from the risk of losing life in most situations. In trade for such security, it is the responsibility that people obey the rules and laws that are considered as impartial and acceptable.
However, as time changes and civilization progresses, there are always some laws, even though they have been legitimated and accepted for a long time, are recognized as unjust, and should hence be abolishable. Anthologists and historians may suppose that human were distinct from animals when certain sociological and biological characteristics emerged. However, how far human being as a whole is away from animal is determined by how fine protection is put on the disadvantaged community. Therefore, as a result of civil progression along with technical advance, some laws become unjust in the newly evolved social background. To resist such unjust laws is not only an issue of personal interest, but also to contribute to the progress of human society. We, people in the current society, are having fruition of all anterior human, who owning nothing to us. Thus, we are inherently liable to the continuity of such effort by attempting to modify the unjust laws, the beginning of which requires resistance.
However, resistance to unjust laws does not necessarily call for disobedience. Disobeying laws under an overwhelming government leads to punishment. Such punishment can be unaffordable to individual and insignificance to the modification of such unjust situation. For example, the dead of hero may wake people to fight against some unjustness, but an unknown commonplace individual may be trivial albeit his/her essential sacrifice of life. Martin Luther King and Indian Mahatma Gandhi are examples illustrating that resistance can be functional in forms other than disobedience.
In conclusion, given that laws are interest compromise of a group of human being, which is never a perfect agency of human being in the world, I claim that individuals are responsible to obey just laws and resist unjust laws. However, as disobedience are not the unique way for improvement, individual is not responsible to disobey the unjust laws at the cost of governmental penalty. |
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