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Lindor的作业 [天下无G] 第一次作业 issue提纲 182"It is dangerous to trust only intelligence." 182．只相信聪明是危险的。
intelligence,学习和应用知识的能力，思考和推理能力。position：support
1. Referring to science research,(scientific research是不是更好些) intelligence is the key to success.
Every mathematic formula is rooted from precise reasoning.每个数学公式都是经过严谨的推理证出来的。
Every celestial discovery is based on careful obseveration. 每个天体的发现都是经过了仔细的观察的。
In scientific fields, people should trust intelligence rather than (加上their)instinct feelings.
2. However, in the realm of human relations, intelligence does not work all the time.
Human feelings are too hard to grasp by rational thoughts. When a boy is going for a girl, he is most(very是不是更好？) likely to feel confused on what she thinks. There is no rule to apply on each girl.（the relation between two loverbirds）
3. Although filled with many economic principles, business can not only depend on intelligence（这句话有问题，it is inappropriate to only depend on intelligence during doing business activities可能会感觉语气更客观些）,considering different culture and different economy policies. In capricious business world, leaders should have acuminous intuition to make huge decisions which could determine the future of companies.
4. In political world, intelligence usage is confined. (不对吧？著名的政治家多数是富有智慧的)Personal attributes and willings(will是意志)of state leaders can make great effects to the whole country. For example, 萨达姆。。
In scientific world, such as physics, chemistry and so on, intelligence is essential and vital to success. But, in other complicated fields, it is dangerous to trust only intelligence. If using intelligence as a compass in those fields, people could offend others. merchants could miss big oppotunities. and politician could bring wars.
192"Success in any realm of life comes more often from taking chances or risks than from careful and cautious planning." 192．各个领域的成功更多是来自机遇或者冒险，而不是深思熟虑的计划position：disagree
oversimplify the procedure of success.
1. Success in some realms of life comes more often from taking chances.
for example, many people, especially young girls and boys, want to be famous in entertainment world. Yet most of them, although being capable, could not see the day when dreams come true. However, when oppotunity comes, success comes.The American idols program(专有名词首字母大写) helped some regular girls to be national stars.
for another example，In business world, people should always be prepared for taking risks. When managers confront with policy reforms or economy changes（economical changes）, they are mostly ought to make decisons under risks, whether be more profitable and sustainable or endure big loss or bankruptcy.
2. However, in other realms, careful and cautious planning are vital. For instance, mountain and ocean exploring(seafaring or mountaineering), a very dangerous work, must be serious in preparing otherwise would be dead (加上eventually). Itself is a risk（这句话可去掉）. Facing such risks, carefulness and caution are key to success.
3. In scientific world, chances or risks can help little（个人认为用could 会好些，因为科学有些还是和机遇冒险有关系的，所以，用can+little感觉就是not，太绝对了）, while planning also contributes to a small portion of success（科学研究还是要计划的，课题项目攻关，863.973等科研项目，提出时，都是计划） . The accumulation of knowledge and appropriate research methods,combined with inspiration, lead to important discoveries and inventions.
in some fileds, taking chances and risks can help people fulfill their dream（dreams）. However, those don't apply in every fields.
206 "People are too quick to take action; instead they should stop to think of the possible consequences of what they might do." 206．人们行动太快了；他们应该停下来想一想他们这样做会得到什么结果。position:The comtemporary life pace becomes more and more rapid. too fast to take action（这种结构能否做主语？）can bring out many problems. but, It is hard and impossible to stop to think of the possible results.
1. in some apsects, human beings are too quick to take action without thinking of the possible results. For example, in the early 1900s, people cut down millions of trees to develop economy without reservation measures. and now, people get lessons froming excessive destory forests. There aren't enough trees to help to prevent flood.（泥石流怎么说？？[mud-rock flow]There aren't enough old trees to form coal which used to be an important fuel.
People couldn't wait any minute to put the new technology into practice. for instance, in order t improve product quantity, people use various chemical insecticides to protect vegetables. However, people（people用多了，用they）never consider whether those chemical components could harm enviornment or not. After the book called Silent Spring coming out, Human beings then forbad the use of DDT, which can prevent birds' babies from hatching. Before finding apparent evidences to prove some chemcial elements do harm to human and environment(before finding apparent evidences to prove some chemical elements doing harm to human and environment你用定语从句不知道怎么样，但是我觉得换一下可能会好些), yet,people are using many chemical products without hesitation.
2. Unfortunatelly,it is hard to predict all the possible consequences by 100 percent（这种说法不太好吧？）. When Einstein did research on atom, he never thought that people would use the power of atom to make citybuster. When Edison were engaged in inventing electrical bulbs,he never thought that later generations would cost numerous fuels to lighting on night.When Dr. John Atanascoff built the first rudimentary electronic computer,he had no idea that people would commit crime by computer.People are not able to bode （people bode好像不合适吧？用predict 或forcast更合适）what will happen in the future.As we known, technology is a blade with two edges. but to stop technical progress can't solve any problem at all.
3.In some aspects,people need to think fast and move fast.
As the famous saying goes:Oppotunity do not wait for people. In the business field,chances are vital for companies. If one don't take action as soon as possible, one might miss big fortune. under such circumstance, to stop and calculate all the possible consequences will inhibit companies' business development.
In the athlete(athletic) competition field, athleters should(改成athletes are eager to) run faster and faster,even though one of the possible (depressive or failing) ending, which no one wants,is getting injured.
end ：People should use resources under serious and cautious consideration, However, It is no need to stop and no need to take actions after knowing all possible consequences.（这是结束语？好像不合适吧？）
211"Any decision-whether made by government, by a corporation, or by an individual person-must take into account future conditions more than present conditions." 211．一个决定，不管是政府、企业还是个人做出的，都应该更多地考虑到将来的条件而不是眼前的条件.
这个condition 怎么讲。。感觉我写成了眼前利益和当前利益了。。position: balance future conditions and present conditions.
1. We should take future conditions into account. Before we take actions, people should think of the possibile consequences of what they might do. Adolescents problem (青少年尝试毒品之前想清楚结果毒品难道是drug？) (opiummorphine, codeine )government should consider what the war would bring to all citizens.(政府发动战争前要想后果)
2. If ignoring what would happen in the future, disaster would occur without announcement. people cut down numerous trees, resulting in climate changes and flood. companies （只顾眼前的profits，做出了大量破坏环境的行为，或者不道德的行为，imoral barter）
3. However, present conditions are essential. under many circumstances, people can't predict what will happen in the future,yet the information of present conditions is more sufficient to help people to make decision. example：business world is marked by variety. The future isn't clear, it is wiser to invest base on present trends。eg2：学生不知道将来从事什么行业好，最好是考虑当下的状况，学习自己感兴趣的，或者学校要求的课程。compulsory courses。
4.Meanwhile, if we ignore the present conditions, our decisions will not work at all. 这个举什么例子好。。欧文的空想主义？(例如：考学，如果现在不学习好，就不能进入名校的研究生院，或者不能找到高薪的理想工作)
212. "If a goal is worthy, then any means taken to attain it is justifiable." 212．只要一个目标是值得去实现的，那么任何努力都是有理由的。disagree.
There are different means to attain a goal. Some of them are evil to perform,and some of them are determined to fail.
1. some means are inappropriate. 愚公移山，现代看来就很傻。有病不去医院，求助于神婆，很愚昧。
we should find ways which could efficiently solve problem and attain goals.
2. some means are harmful to society.
As to a man who wants to be rich,to steal or even to rob banks is one way to achieve his goal.
Those methods which are imoral and harmful to society should not be recommended (regarded )as justifiable ways to attain goals.
3. we should be alert to the possibility that individuals, organizations or governments tends to plead a worthy goal in excuse of their conpemtible means and private interests. some state leaders always declare to invade other countries for sake of justice.
The means to accomplish a goal are under measure（？）(need to be underestimated）by results and history.
225. Most people often look for similarities, even between very different things, and even when it is unhelpful or harmful to do so. Instead, a thing should be considered on its own terms; we should avoid the tendency to compare it to something else. ”
225．即使两个事物有多么不同，有时甚至不知道这样做是有用的还是有害的，人们也经常寻找它们的相似点。我们应该就事论事，避免把它拿去和其他事物比较position：sometimes harmful，but no need to avoid。这个提纲是看的别个的。。不会写。。。呜呜。 (其实很容易， A、事物中发现知识的过程个比较的过程，如果牛顿发现了万有引力，人们再看到石头落地，飞鸟落地，知道和苹果落地有相同的道理，就不会再重新耗费精力研究了，简单的比较省去了很多人的精力和财力。 B、历史事件的研究，尽管无数次人类战争有着相同的定义和性质，但是历史学家和军事学家还是要对不同的战争进行比较分析研究，从中探讨潜在的战术经验。
C、危险的例子，可以举出有害科学实验：镭、原子弹等的研究过程，中国宇航事业，不知道会不会失败，但是还是要载人航天，以次来和美国比较，显示中国航天技术的进步和成本低的优势)
A. On the one hand, insisting on finding similarities between things can often result in unfair,(去掉逗号) and sometimes harmful comparisons.
1) by focusing on similarities among all big cities, we overlook the distinctive character, architecture, ethical diversity, and culture of each one.
2) Without evaluating an individual company on its own merits and performance before buying stock of the company, only because this company is in a prosperous industry, the investor risk of choosing a poor performer
3) Education; Without considering differences amongs individuals, teachers always tend to use same methods to teach every students.
4) Racial discrimination: each individual should be evaluated on the basis of his or her own merits.
B. On the other hand, looking for similarities between things is the only way that humans can truly learn something and communicate with one another. Developmental psychologists agree that we come to understand each new thing we encounter by comparing it to something with which we are already familiar. For example, if a child encounters a blue ball, the child recognizes as blue only by way of its similarity to the sky. Furthermore, without this association and a label for the concept of blue the child cannot possibly convey the concept to another person. Thus looking for similarities between things is how we make sense of our world, as well as communicate with one another. people like to hang out with others who share common interests and personal attributes,because they can be easy to find a topic to talk with.That's one basic principle to find friends.
C. To sum up, I agree that finding false similarities and drawing false analogies can be harmful. Nevertheless, human must look for similarities between things in order to learn and to communicate.
231. "Moderation in all things is ill-considered advice. Rather, one should say, "Moderation in most things, since many areas of human concern require or at least profit from intense focus." 231．对所有事情的克制都是未经深思熟虑的。尽管有人会说：“大多数事情都要适度。”因为人们关心的很多领域需要或者至少得益于高密度的关注。agree. 把moderation当成克制，不尽全力批。。但是例子不好举啊。。
(适度的例子太多了：吃饭七分饱、上网不要太久了，娱乐方面的玩物丧志，太多了)
1 moderation的好处是什么，balance, if moderation means condescension, is an excellent state to go through every apexes and valleys of life.
2 moderation in all things的坏处是什么 no extraordinary exacting feelings or magnitude success.
though our life time is very limited and short for us to carry out every goals, it is important for us to do things with all our hearts and energy and give intense focus during the process when we are trying to make our goals come true,even we may no get money from it,we surely are（could surely）benefit from it,and thus make our life worthy.
99. "In any realm of life—whether academic, social, business, or political—the only way to succeed is to take a practical, rather than an idealistic, point of view. Pragmatic behavior guarantees survival, whereas idealistic views tend to be superceded by simpler, more immediate options."
99．在生活的各个领域，不管是学术、社会还是政治，要想成功，只能靠实际的观点而并非空想。程序化的行为保证了基本的生存，而空想只会被更简单、更急迫的选择取代disagree
1.光想像是不会成功的。
there is no success coming from imagination. Practical actions can guarantees expected ends.
2.However, ideals give us hope and enthusiasm, lifting us to new heights and helping us to overcome self-imposed limitations. many idealistic dream come true. the application of electricity, the invention of computer, the birth of plane, make our life way changed a lot.
148"Many people admire idealism, but it usually leads to disappointment or trouble."
148．很多人追求理想，当这样往往导致失望或麻烦disagree
1. An idealist is one who, on noticing that a rose smells better that a cabbage, concludes that it will also make better soup. 当理想变成空想，就会带来失望和麻烦。idealism leads to disappointment.比如欧文的空想主义。。
2. Individually,idealism,if it were not balanced by pragmatism,would lead to personal failure. 有的人喜欢做一些不切实际的梦，也不付诸行动，导致理想变成梦中花，水中月。
3. However, idealism, guided by practical plans, gives people hope and enthusiasm. 看着理想一步步实现，是一件非常contented的事情，比如 human beings have dreamed to fly(dreamed of flying) in the sky since they could think。Thanks to endeavors from generations to generations, now we can travel around the world by plane。
4. although the result is negative(语气太绝对了),we still can learn much through the procedure。举什么例子好？individual的创业例子如何。。 （奥运会，万名运动员为了夺金梦想参赛，冠军只有数百位，多数运动员即使遭遇淘汰，但是参赛的过程和意义是重大的） （考GRE就是好例子，即使考不好，准备期间，学到了很多宝贵知识）
[ 本帖最后由 richardpang 于 2007-1-21 19:42 编辑 ] |
发表于 2007-1-19 18:48:15
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