【天下无G 第一次习作】Issue提纲

richardpangUID: 194046

【天下无G 第一次习作】Issue提纲

182"It is dangerous to trust only intelligence."
Position: agree
1.Intelligence is the comprehensive representative of our human’s different abilities, such as the ability of logical analysis, the ability of spatial analysis, the ability of computation, the ability of abstract deduction, etc. And the intelligent quotient (in short is IQ) is one method of intelligent metric.
2.Human beings, with higher IQ that more than other creatures on the earth, conquered other species, changed the outlook of the earth, invented the scientific technology, and created the human civilization.
3.On the contrast, human beings, brought wars to the world, polluted the environment of the earth, ruined the atmosphere—the natural protecting stratum for the earth, so that the earth and the survival of our human beings are in danger.
4.Fortunately, human beings, however, besides the IQ, have Emotional Quotient (in short called EQ), which is a method of emotional metric, including conscience, instinct, emotion, care etc.
5.Human beings, living in the human society, increase their EQ by living in the society and interchanging materials, talking, and helping with each other. Then the people with higher EQ stand out to resolve difficulties brought up by the people with higher IQ (whereas many people have higher IQ and EQ). The wars could be avoided by peaceful conference; the polluted environment could be refined by conscientious propaganda and sponsor of the knowledge of environmental protection.
6.In conclusion, both intelligence and emotion are vital important for our society’s harmony, and it is dangerous to trust only intelligence or emotion.

192"Success in any realm of life comes more often from taking chances or risks than from careful and cautious planning."
1. Taking chances or risks has a little influence on success in a few part realms of life, the key to success is careful and cautious planning.
2. In the most part of realms of life, the careful and cautious planning has more impact on the success than taking chances. E.g. Research field, working area, business, engineering technology, etc.
3. in a few part realms of life, taking chances or risks has a little influence, while the fundamental reason for the success must be also careful and cautious planning.
E.g. buying sports lottery; acrobat performance; playing cards; gamble and bet.
4. In conclusion, success in any realm of life comes more from careful and cautious planning than from taking chances or risks.

206"People are too quick to take action; instead they should stop to think of the possible consequences of what they might do."
Partially agree
1. People’s plans can be divided into two major parts: long period plans and short period plans, so they can think of the possible consequence during making their plans.
2. In some cases, especially during the emergence time, meditation is no more important and people have no time to think of the consequence, thus have to take actions to face the challenge with their basic instinct, face up against threatening of the enemies, natural disasters, submerging in the water, conflagration.

211"Any decision-whether made by government, by a corporation, or by an individual person-must take into account future conditions more than present conditions."
Partially agree
1. Making decision whether by government, by a corporation, or by an individual person, must take into account future conditions for the sustainable development of our descendants.
2. Present condition is also important for the healthy development of our society. Without present peaceful and wealthy living circumstance, human society would have no future. Only storing money and food for the future, no scientific research, no industrial factory, the human society would regress back to the ancient society, and then would extinct on the earth in a short time eventually.
3. Present and future conditions are both important.

212"If a goal is worthy, then any means taken to attain it is justifiable."
Disagree
1. There are many justifiable means to attain it.
For a manufacturing company: application of the new technology to the production; importation of advanced machines.
2. Application of inappropriate means to attain the goal is unjustifiable, the quantities of products is a worthy for the factories, but if the increase of products require the workers to have fewer time for rest, which undoubtedly threaten the workers’ health, and then the goal is no more important, so these means taken actions to attain it is unjustifiable.

225"People often look for similarities, even between very different things, and even when it is unhelpful or harmful to do so. Instead, a thing should be considered on its own terms; we should avoid the tendency to compare it to something else."
Disagree
1. People can draw conclusion containing useful knowledge and rule from comparison, then when they face the similar problems that are similar to the former solved questions, they can easily get the right answers with the help of known knowledge and rule.
2. When people face up with the new thing and don’t know whether it is harmful to themselves, they have to compare it to the other similar things, which maybe harmful or beneficial to people, and then they can get to know the effects of the things without trying it by themselves.

231" 'Moderation in all things' is ill-considered advice. Rather, one should say, 'Moderation in most things,' since many areas of human concern requires or at least profit from intense focus."
Agree
1. In many areas, people have to concentrate on doing things, owing to the limitation of the time, space, or chances. E.g. exam, athlete competition,
2. Moderation also makes sense in other areas, including eating, sleeping, playing, working, etc.
3. People could profit from moderation and intense focus, which play important roles in different realms of people’s lives respectively.

99"In any realm of life—whether academic, social, business, or political—the only way to succeed is to take a practical, rather than an idealistic, point of view. Pragmatic behavior guarantees survival, whereas idealistic views tend to be superceded by simpler, more immediate options."
Partially agree
1. Practical point of view can help us to solve our immediate problems and pragmatic behavior guarantees our survival.
2. Idealistic point of view is beneficial to our long-term development, gives our strength and confidence to conquer any difficulties on the way to successful road.
3. Practical and idealistic point of view are both vital important for people’s healthy development in academic, social business, and political fields.

148"Many people admire idealism, but it usually leads to disappointment or trouble."
1. When a person set an aim for himself, then he ought to and have to complete the task through long-time efforts. After the mission has been accomplished, he/she realized his/her idealism.
2. The people harboring idealism maybe fail in the end sometimes, they could make a progress in their careers or gain wealthy knowledge and experience through their long-term efforts.
E.g.  Olympic Games; Nobel price
3. Failure is the mother of the success. Trouble and disappointment are normal phenomenon during the way to success for everybody, so the ultimate winner, the man without fear of any difficulties and barriers, undoubtedly, whose idealism would be accomplished eventually.

186"Practicality is now our great idol, which all powers and talents must serve. Anything that is not obviously practical has little value in today's world."
Disagree
1. In the 21 century, practicality, plays an important role in our society, is the usual way for modern citizens in solving problems and doing things.
2. While talents and powers are also vital important in peoples lives, which are the fundamental abilities for solving problems for management, and for incubating the creative ideas.
3. The relation among practicality talents and powers is interactive influencing each others, all of them are worthy of treasuring in toady’s world.

210"Most people choose a career on the basis of such pragmatic considerations as the needs of the economy, the relative ease of finding a job, and the salary they can expect to make. Hardly anyone is free to choose a career based on his or her natural talents or interest in a particular kind of work."
1. The job market is competitive nowadays, rendering most of the job-finders set pragmatic aim of finding a not-bad job, no matter whether the job is relevant to their interest and talents, earning money is the job-finders’ basic requirement.
2. After working in companies for a period, some workers are searching for the other better companies, which may offer more salary, catering to their interests, having a more comfortable working environment, or requiring less working hours, etc.
3. Some able workers, who have own one regular work, always find a second job that maybe relevant to their interests or offer them more chance for increasing their incomes.
4. The outstanding students from colleges and universities, are mostly recommended by their tutors to do research in research institutes or go to graduate schools for further study, thus they can go on to do the work or study based on their natural talents or interests.

236"Encouraging young people to believe that they can accomplish great things if they try hard enough is both misleading and potentially harmful."
Disagree
1. Inexperienced young people could grow up healthily, both in body development and spiritual development, if adults encourage them and give their confidence for accomplishing great things.
2. After having realized the value of their existence as well as the greatness of their feats of their future, the young people would be more diligent and hardworking, rather than idle away their precious daily time.
3. Only on this consumed ideal trend, most of the encouraged young children would be successful in their working or research fields.

118"In any field of endeavor—the sciences, the humanities, the social sciences, industry, etc.—it is not the attainment of a goal that matters, but rather the ideas and discoveries that are encountered on the way to the goal."
Partially agree
1. The way to the success is a very long road, which is filled with hardship, critics form others, and depression from numerous failures, while the final success is the ultimate goal that every one matters.      E.g. Nobel Prize, Olympic Games
2. Even though the final goal cannot be achieved, the way to the goal is a meaningful procedure, from which people could gain wealthy experience and useful knowledge.
3. Usually people pay more attention to the successful results than the procedure to the unsuccessful results.
E.g. PhD study, if failed gets the PhD

216"Most important discoveries or creations are accidental: it is usually while seeking the answer to one question that we come across the answer to another."
Disagree
1. Most important discoveries are based on failure of innumerous experiments and earnest research by diligent and hardworking scientists.
2. A few of discoveries are accidental, while scientists seeking the answer to one problem, they come across the answer to another.
E.g. Isaac Newton discovered universal gravitation from apple falling on the ground

105"The true strength of a country is best demonstrated by the willingness of its government to tolerate challenges from its own citizens."
1. The democratic countries’ government ought to endorse the rights concerning freedom of talk and parade to its citizens, from which the government could know the citizens attitudes towards it.
2. If a few of citizens’ activities disrupt the country’s normal order or even endanger its citizens’ securities, the country’s government must take immediate actions to stop these activities by police or army.
3. The true strength of a country is best demonstrated by its overall national power, including international rank in economical political, and military aspects, as well as a domestic steadily, prosperously, and peacefully environment.

相应队长号召，附上第一篇argument
180The following is a recommendation from the personnel director to the president of Acme Publishing Company.

"Many other companies have recently stated that having their employees take the Easy Read Speed-Reading Course has greatly improved productivity. One graduate of the course was able to read a five-hundred-page report in only two hours; another graduate rose from an assistant manager to vice president of the company in under a year. Obviously, the faster you can read, the more information you can absorb in a single workday. Moreover, Easy Read costs only $500 per employee—a small price to pay when you consider the benefits to Acme. Included in this fee is a three-week seminar in Spruce City and a lifelong subscription to the Easy Read newsletter. Clearly, Acme would benefit greatly by requiring all of our employees to take the Easy Read course."


In this argument, the personnel director recommends the president of Acme Publishing Company to require all of their employees to take the Easy Road course, which would greatly benefit Acme. To support his recommendation, the director cites the results of many other companies having taken the course, whose productivity have been improved and one graduate was able to read a five-hundred-page report in only two hours, moreover ,another graduate became a vice president from an assistant manager after one year. And then the personnel director states that the Easy Road Speed-Reading course, including a three-week seminar in Spruce city and a lifelong subscription to the Easy Road newsletter, costs only 500 dollars per employee, which is a small price to pay taken into consideration of the benefits to Acme. This argument ultimately fails as it suffers from several critical fallacies.

Firstly, the argument is based on only two eminent graduates in many other companies, one was able to read a five-hundred-page report in only two hours and another graduate rose from an assistant manager to vice president of the company in under a year. It is impossible to confirm that Acme would benefit greatly by requiring all of employees to take the Easy Road course based on two employees’ cases in other unknown companies. Two very specific graduates cannot be used as representatives for all other companies, even within unknown companies, let alone all of the companies. Reading a book in only two hours cannot represent that the reader’s reading ability has been improved because the comprehensive rate, a very important factor, is not clear. Maybe the reader skimming through the books in a short time rather fails to catch essential idea of the book. The capabilities of work including many aspects, such as earnest, intelligence, communication, reading ability and so on. The graduate became a vice president from an assistant manager after one year, and he is certainly a successful employee rather than benefits from the fast-reading course that is only relevant to the information acquiring ability.

Secondly, the director equates the increase in reading speed to the increase in the speed of information absorption but gives no causal linkage other than the similar time periods. There are several possible alternative causes for the speed of information absorption that concerns with the reading materials. The speed of knowledge acquiring should be very quick for he/she based on his/her knowledge storage. Comprehensive ability is another vital important factor determining people’s information acquiring speed. The higher comprehensive ability people have, the faster and more easily they can absorb information. On the contrary, maybe we all have this feeling of experience that is when we try to read as fast as possible, reading materials’ information is vaguer and unclearly to us, which probably makes us miss out the essential information of the books. Without ruling out there and other causes, the argument fails to convince by showing no causal linkage between the reading speed and the speed of information absorption.

Thirdly, it is probably not a small price to pay when requiring of Acme’s employees to take the Easy Road course. The number of Acme Company has not been stated in the argument and whether all of Acmes employees should take the Easy Road course. Companies’ scales are different; there are some large companies that have over ten thousand employees whereas there are also some small companies that own only a dozen of employees. As an assumption of one hundred employees that the Acme Company has, the total fees, paying for their employee’s Easy Road course, are up to 50,000 dollars. Considering the training-course-time is three weeks, the employees trained would not work during these days but should earn salary as usual, which is also a cost for the company that should be taken into consideration. Suppose that one employee’s average salary for three week is 1500 dollars, and then all of the employees would cost 150,000 dollars. In total, the summation cost of training Reading Course for a company owing one hundred employees is 200,000 dollars, which is certainly a large sum and needs to be reconsidered whether it is worthy of investment. There are some kinds of different careers in a company, such as executive, secretary, general officer, cleaner, waiter, and typist and so on. Some employees, like executives, officers, and secretaries, need to take the training course probably beneficial for the improvement of their working capabilities, whereas the employees taking the simple work such as waiters, typists, cleaners, don’t need to take the training course, which apparently has nothing to do with the improvement of their working efficiency.

Finally, the director makes the gratuitous assumption that simply requiring Acme’s entire employee to take the Easy Road reading course will benefit to Acme. Regardless of the flawed arguments previously discussed, simply requiring to take the training course will have no effect so-called on the improvement of information acquiring ability. To strength his/her argument, the director needs to show some direct causal linkage between reading speed and speed of information acquiring rather than making vaguer and unsupported comparisons purporting to show a link. The director should have also provided supporting details that show the cost of large sum of training fees for their employees would be beneficial to Acme rather than makes a loss. Without more support, the director’s point of view is unconvincing and not well reasoned.

[ 本帖最后由 richardpang 于 2007-1-20 16:35 编辑 ]

askmeUID: 2264776

182"It is dangerous to trust only intelligence."
Position: agree
1.Intelligence is the comprehensive representative of our human’s different abilities, such as the ability of logical analysis, the ability of spatial analysis, the ability of computation, the ability of abstract deduction, etc. And the intelligent quotient (in short is IQ) is one method of intelligent metric. 这个是首段吗？如果不是首段可删去，与中心关系不紧
2.Human beings, with higher IQ that more than other creatures on the earth, conquered other species, changed the outlook of the earth, invented the scientific technology, and created the human civilization.
3.On the contrast, human beings, brought wars to the world, polluted the environment of the earth, ruined the atmosphere—the natural protecting stratum for the earth, so that the earth and the survival of our human beings are in danger. 这个例子好
4.Fortunately, human beings, however, besides the IQ, have Emotional Quotient (in short called EQ), which is a method of emotional metric, including conscience, instinct, emotion, care etc.
5.Human beings, living in the human society, increase their EQ by living in the society and interchanging materials, talking, and helping with each other. Then the people with higher EQ stand out to resolve difficulties brought up by the people with higher IQ (whereas many people have higher IQ and EQ). The wars could be avoided by peaceful conference; the polluted environment could be refined by conscientious propaganda and sponsor of the knowledge of environmental protection. 是这样子吗？
6.In conclusion, both intelligence and emotion are vital important for our society’s harmony, and it is dangerous to trust only intelligence or emotion.

192"Success in any realm of life comes more often from taking chances or risks than from careful and cautious planning."
1. Taking chances or risks has a little influence on success in a few part realms of life, the key to success is careful and cautious planning.  TS
2. In the most part of realms of life, the careful and cautious planning has more impact on the success than taking chances. E.g. Research field, working area, business, engineering technology, etc. 举例子具体比较好，这样自己马上就可以写出文章
3. in a few part realms of life, taking chances or risks has a little influence, while the fundamental reason for the success must be also careful and cautious planning.
E.g. buying sports lottery; acrobat performance; playing cards; gamble and bet. 我其实看到这个分论点，最先想到陈胜吴广起义，不到绝路，冒险总是不值得的。
4. In conclusion, success in any realm of life comes more from careful and cautious planning than from taking chances or risks.

206"People are too quick to take action; instead they should stop to think of the possible consequences of what they might do."
Partially agree
1. People’s plans can be divided into two major parts: long period plans and short period plans, so they can think of the possible consequence during making their plans.
2. In some cases, especially during the emergence time, meditation is no more important and people have no time to think of the consequence, thus have to take actions to face the challenge with their basic instinct, face up against threatening of the enemies, natural disasters, submerging in the water, conflagration. 赞！

211"Any decision-whether made by government, by a corporation, or by an individual person-must take into account future conditions more than present conditions."
Partially agree
1. Making decision whether by government, by a corporation, or by an individual person, must take into account future conditions for the sustainable development of our descendants. 同意
2. Present condition is also important for the healthy development of our society. Without present peaceful and wealthy living circumstance, human society would have no future. Only storing money and food for the future, no scientific research, no industrial factory, the human society would regress back to the ancient society, and then would extinct on the earth in a short time eventually.
3. Present and future conditions are both important.

212"If a goal is worthy, then any means taken to attain it is justifiable."
Disagree
1. There are many justifiable means to attain it.
For a manufacturing company: application of the new technology to the production; importation of advanced machines.  
2. Application of inappropriate means to attain the goal is unjustifiable, the quantities of products is a worthy for the factories, but if the increase of products require the workers to have fewer time for rest, which undoubtedly threaten the workers’ health, and then the goal is no more important, so these means taken actions to attain it is unjustifiable.  读一读4分范文，同样的问题，全文例子深入分析了，只是太单一。

225"People often look for similarities, even between very different things, and even when it is unhelpful or harmful to do so. Instead, a thing should be considered on its own terms; we should avoid the tendency to compare it to something else."
Disagree
1. People can draw conclusion containing useful knowledge and rule from comparison, then when they face the similar problems that are similar to the former solved questions, they can easily get the right answers with the help of known knowledge and rule.  很棒，把题目的前一个句子也分析了
2. When people face up with the new thing and don’t know whether it is harmful to themselves, they have to compare it to the other similar things, which maybe harmful or beneficial to people, and then they can get to know the effects of the things without trying it by themselves.
只从一个方面谈了吗？事物不同点着一面呢？论证不够完满。
231" 'Moderation in all things' is ill-considered advice. Rather, one should say, 'Moderation in most things,' since many areas of human concern requires or at least profit from intense focus."
Agree
1. In many areas, people have to concentrate on doing things, owing to the limitation of the time, space, or chances. E.g. exam, athlete competition,
2. Moderation also makes sense in other areas, including eating, sleeping, playing, working, etc.上面这些例子都很棒
3. People could profit from moderation and intense focus, which play important roles in different realms of people’s lives respectively.
99"In any realm of life—whether academic, social, business, or political—the only way to succeed is to take a practical, rather than an idealistic, point of view. Pragmatic behavior guarantees survival, whereas idealistic views tend to be superceded by simpler, more immediate options."
Partially agree
1. Practical point of view can help us to solve our immediate problems and pragmatic behavior guarantees our survival.
2. Idealistic point of view is beneficial to our long-term development, gives our strength and confidence to conquer any difficulties on the way to successful road.  很好，短期和长期的“succeed”需要不同的观点
3. Practical and idealistic point of view are both vital important for people’s healthy development in academic, social business, and political fields.
148"Many people admire idealism, but it usually leads to disappointment or trouble."
1. When a person set an aim for himself, then he ought to and have to complete the task through long-time efforts. After the mission has been accomplished, he/she realized his/her idealism.
2. The people harboring idealism maybe fail in the end sometimes, they could make a progress in their careers or gain wealthy knowledge and experience through their long-term efforts.
E.g.  Olympic Games; Nobel price
3. Failure is the mother of the success. Trouble and disappointment are normal phenomenon during the way to success for everybody, so the ultimate winner, the man without fear of any difficulties and barriers, undoubtedly, whose idealism would be accomplished eventually.
186"Practicality is now our great idol, which all powers and talents must serve. Anything that is not obviously practical has little value in today's world."
Disagree
1. In the 21 century, practicality, plays an important role in our society, is the usual way for modern citizens in solving problems and doing things.
2. While talents and powers are also vital important in peoples lives, which are the fundamental abilities for solving problems for management, and for incubating the creative ideas. 这个论点再考虑一下
3. The relation among practicality talents and powers is interactive influencing each others, all of them are worthy of treasuring in toady’s world.  我总觉得应该把practicality和ideality联系起来
210"Most people choose a career on the basis of such pragmatic considerations as the needs of the economy, the relative ease of finding a job, and the salary they can expect to make. Hardly anyone is free to choose a career based on his or her natural talents or interest in a particular kind of work."
1. The job market is competitive nowadays, rendering most of the job-finders set pragmatic aim of finding a not-bad job, no matter whether the job is relevant to their interest and talents, earning money is the job-finders’ basic requirement.
2. After working in companies for a period, some workers are searching for the other better companies, which may offer more salary, catering to their interests, having a more comfortable working environment, or requiring less working hours, etc.
3. Some able workers, who have own one regular work, always find a second job that maybe relevant to their interests or offer them more chance for increasing their incomes.
4. The outstanding students from colleges and universities, are mostly recommended by their tutors to do research in research institutes or go to graduate schools for further study, thus they can go on to do the work or study based on their natural talents or interests.
236"Encouraging young people to believe that they can accomplish great things if they try hard enough is both misleading and potentially harmful."
Disagree
1. Inexperienced young people could grow up healthily, both in body development and spiritual development, if adults encourage them and give their confidence for accomplishing great things.
2. After having realized the value of their existence as well as the greatness of their feats of their future, the young people would be more diligent and hardworking, rather than idle away their precious daily time.
3. Only on this consumed ideal trend, most of the encouraged young children would be successful in their working or research fields.
118"In any field of endeavor—the sciences, the humanities, the social sciences, industry, etc.—it is not the attainment of a goal that matters, but rather the ideas and discoveries that are encountered on the way to the goal."
Partially agree
1. The way to the success is a very long road, which is filled with hardship, critics form others, and depression from numerous failures, while the final success is the ultimate goal that every one matters.      E.g. Nobel Prize, Olympic Games 好像这两个例子你很喜欢用
2. Even though the final goal cannot be achieved, the way to the goal is a meaningful procedure, from which people could gain wealthy experience and useful knowledge.
3. Usually people pay more attention to the successful results than the procedure to the unsuccessful results.
E.g. PhD study, if failed gets the PhD
还可以把二者关系联系起来讲，这样更完满
216"Most important discoveries or creations are accidental: it is usually while seeking the answer to one question that we come across the answer to another."
Disagree
1. Most important discoveries are based on failure of innumerous experiments and earnest research by diligent and hardworking scientists.
2. A few of discoveries are accidental, while scientists seeking the answer to one problem, they come across the answer to another.
E.g. Isaac Newton discovered universal gravitation from apple falling on the ground
最好两者关系
105"The true strength of a country is best demonstrated by the willingness of its government to tolerate challenges from its own citizens."
1. The democratic countries’ government ought to endorse the rights concerning freedom of talk and parade to its citizens, from which the government could know the citizens attitudes towards it.
2. If a few of citizens’ activities disrupt the country’s normal order or even endanger its citizens’ securities, the country’s government must take immediate actions to stop these activities by police or army.
3. The true strength of a country is best demonstrated by its overall national power, including international rank in economical political, and military aspects, as well as a domestic steadily, prosperously, and peacefully environment. 扯远啦

相应队长号召，附上第一篇argument  我之前在QQ上也说过了，结构没问题，点也攻击得很对。字数。。。 如果特别想写就限时写。
180The following is a recommendation from the personnel director to the president of Acme Publishing Company.

"Many other companies have recently stated that having their employees take the Easy Read Speed-Reading Course has greatly improved productivity. One graduate of the course was able to read a five-hundred-page report in only two hours; another graduate rose from an assistant manager to vice president of the company in under a year. Obviously, the faster you can read, the more information you can absorb in a single workday. Moreover, Easy Read costs only $500 per employee—a small price to pay when you consider the benefits to Acme. Included in this fee is a three-week seminar in Spruce City and a lifelong subscription to the Easy Read newsletter. Clearly, Acme would benefit greatly by requiring all of our employees to take the Easy Read course."


In this argument, the personnel director recommends the president of Acme Publishing Company to require all of their employees to take the Easy Road course, which would greatly benefit Acme. To support his recommendation, the director cites the results of many other companies having taken the course, whose productivity have been improved and one graduate was able to read a five-hundred-page report in only two hours, moreover ,another graduate became a vice president from an assistant manager after one year. And then the personnel director states that the Easy Road Speed-Reading course, including a three-week seminar in Spruce city and a lifelong subscription to the Easy Road newsletter, costs only 500 dollars per employee, which is a small price to pay taken into consideration of the benefits to Acme. This argument ultimately fails as it suffers from several critical fallacies. 强烈建议别用这种开头

Firstly, the argument is based on only two eminent graduates in many other companies, one was able to read a five-hundred-page report in only two hours and another graduate rose from an assistant manager to vice president of the company in under a year. It is impossible to confirm that Acme would benefit greatly by requiring all of employees to take the Easy Road course based on two employees’ cases in other unknown companies. Two very specific graduates cannot be used as representatives for all other companies, even within unknown companies, let alone all of the companies. Reading a book in only two hours cannot represent that the reader’s reading ability has been improved because the comprehensive rate, a very important factor, is not clear. Maybe the reader skimming through the books in a short time rather fails to catch essential idea of the book. The capabilities of work including many aspects, such as earnest, intelligence, communication, reading ability and so on. The graduate became a vice president from an assistant manager after one year, and he is certainly a successful employee rather than benefits from the fast-reading course that is only relevant to the information acquiring ability.

Secondly, the director equates the increase in reading speed to the increase in the speed of information absorption but gives no causal linkage other than the similar time periods. There are several possible alternative causes for the speed of information absorption that concerns with the reading materials. The speed of knowledge acquiring should be very quick for he/she based on his/her knowledge storage. Comprehensive ability is another vital important factor determining people’s information acquiring speed. The higher comprehensive ability people have, the faster and more easily they can absorb information. On the contrary, maybe we all have this feeling of experience that is when we try to read as fast as possible, reading materials’ information is vaguer and unclearly to us, which probably makes us miss out the essential information of the books. Without ruling out there and other causes, the argument fails to convince by showing no causal linkage between the reading speed and the speed of information absorption.

Thirdly, it is probably not a small price to pay when requiring of Acme’s employees to take the Easy Road course. The number of Acme Company has not been stated in the argument and whether all of Acmes employees should take the Easy Road course. Companies’ scales are different; there are some large companies that have over ten thousand employees whereas there are also some small companies that own only a dozen of employees. As an assumption of one hundred employees that the Acme Company has, the total fees, paying for their employee’s Easy Road course, are up to 50,000 dollars. Considering the training-course-time is three weeks, the employees trained would not work during these days but should earn salary as usual, which is also a cost for the company that should be taken into consideration. Suppose that one employee’s average salary for three week is 1500 dollars, and then all of the employees would cost 150,000 dollars. In total, the summation cost of training Reading Course for a company owing one hundred employees is 200,000 dollars, which is certainly a large sum and needs to be reconsidered whether it is worthy of investment. There are some kinds of different careers in a company, such as executive, secretary, general officer, cleaner, waiter, and typist and so on. Some employees, like executives, officers, and secretaries, need to take the training course probably beneficial for the improvement of their working capabilities, whereas the employees taking the simple work such as waiters, typists, cleaners, don’t need to take the training course, which apparently has nothing to do with the improvement of their working efficiency.

Finally, the director makes the gratuitous assumption that simply requiring Acme’s entire employee to take the Easy Road reading course will benefit to Acme. Regardless of the flawed arguments previously discussed, simply requiring to take the training course will have no effect so-called on the improvement of information acquiring ability. To strength his/her argument, the director needs to show some direct causal linkage between reading speed and speed of information acquiring rather than making vaguer and unsupported comparisons purporting to show a link. The director should have also provided supporting details that show the cost of large sum of training fees for their employees would be beneficial to Acme rather than makes a loss. Without more support, the director’s point of view is unconvincing and not well reasoned.

[ 本帖最后由 askme 于 2007-1-24 16:53 编辑 ]