Issue70 【CSMY作文互改小组】第八次作业 有拍必回

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Issue70 [总频69]
"In any profession—business, politics, education, government—those in power should step down after five years. The surest path to success for any enterprise is revitalization through new leadership."
在任何领域中——商业、政治、教育、政府——掌权者应该在五年后就让位。这是任何机构获得成的最好的方式：通过更新领导者而保持活力。

观点 有保留的支持
提纲
1、为了使机构保持活力，领导者有必要在一定的时候退位，一来防止腐败，二来有效的任免制度能督促在职领导更好的工作
2、而且，领导者的退位给新生领导者的发挥创造机会，举华盛顿以身作则并期满后及时退位的例子
3、但对于领导的任期长短还须商榷，五年时间可能太短，举两个特例，A国家遇到突发或紧急事件，总统的任期可能需要延长，如罗斯福；B 在某些公司或企业，一些需较长时间规划的任务和项目需要一位贯穿如一的领导者

It is no escaping the fact that leaders play a vital role in the daily routine of certain realms. Is it necessary for a leader to step down after a period of time? I fundamentally agree with the speaker that fixed-period of tenure is quite responsible for the development for any enterprise. However, the speaker overlooks some leaders might have considerable experience in relevant realm and gain absolute trust from the public. We should not remain steadfastly committed to the rule in that situation.

To begin with, revitalization through new leadership contributes to success of any enterprise. Sir Acton, a great connoisseur, said and I paraphrase “absolute power leads to absolute corruption". It is human's nature to be greedy and avaricious. Facing millions of dollars in bribes from perpetrators, some leaders might not resist the temptation and tend to abuse their power, provided there would no any supervision or fear of losing puissance, especially staying a long period of time in one's position. Sometimes, they even risk the danger of disobeying laws to pursue personal profit. All these not only threaten the safety of citizens' lives and wealth, but they also severely undermine the authority of government. Moreover, the fixed-period of tenure could urge leaders in position to work more effective, when considering the power is not eternal. They have to make every effort to manage the enterprises to maintain the power citizens give them. Therefore, fixed-period of tenure is a reasonable approach to prevent corruption as well as facilitate efficiency.

Furthermore, the abdication of leaders and following reelection could create chances for would-be leaders. Would-be leaders with new ideas, concepts, and thoughts could serve as a source of nutrition, which contributes to abiding vitality of any enterprise. Due to the crowning glory of becoming a leader, social elites from a variety of fields would compete for those positions, which helps to elect excellent leaders. The vigorous campaign of president election held every four years  in the United States aptly illustrates this view of point. In addition, some old leaders might be so traditional and conservative that they could not catch up with the pace of peer enterprise as well as the whole society. Undoubtedly, they should step down and make room for new ones. When referring to the issue of voluntary abdication, one should look no further to the example of the greatest figure--George Washington. Washington only reluctantly admit to serve a second term as a president and declined to a third, which establishes the unwritten rule of two terms for a president in American history. In a word, the enterprise's destiny hinges on whether it could be revitalized through new leadership.

When it comes to the question how long a leader should stay in his or her position, we should ponder over it carefully before giving an answer. The assertion that the shift of leadership should be limited to no more than five years is not reasonable and not always benefits an enterprise. If a leader has immense prestige and authority in relevant enterprises, he or she could undoubtedly take a long period of time of tenure. Alan Greenspan took the position of chairman of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve of the United States for 19 years. During his term, global market as well as American economy has been effectively controlled and stabilized. Another example is Franklin Roosevelt. Since at that time the world was suffering from wars and the United States was undergoing crucial crisis in history, government should give the public confidence and citizens also wish to see a fortitudinous government. With his proven leadership experience and intention to do everything possible to keep the United States out of depression, Roosevelt won his election to serve a third term of office as president. As for some excellent leaders, it is necessary to prolong the period of tenure to maximize profit for enterprise.

To sum up, the speaker's assertion is not without merit that fixed-period of tenure could revitalize any enterprise as well as prevent corruption. But at same time, we cannot reach an extreme conclusion that never could the rule of fixed-period of tenure be broken. When people place absolute trust in a leader, he or she could undoubtedly serve another term.