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原帖由 逐梦天涯 于 2007-3-3 16:41 发表
其实也没有我说的那么好,但是3.5分实在说不过去,因为他考试写的东西下来没有重写,也不好判断具体原因.
首先声明,这篇文章不是什么反例,只是想让大家知道他的水平并不止3.5分,但为什么考试那么低,的确值得深究. ...
我认为这篇有跑题的嫌疑, 不知道你同学考试的时候的情况, 我就这篇文章给出我的分析.
社会类41"Such no mainstream areas of inquiry as astrology, fortune-telling, and psychic and paranormal pursuits play a vital role in society by satisfying human needs that are not addressed by mainstream science."
It is no wonder that a scientific professor also plays a role of churchman or preacher, a modern lady who is an atheist to believe horoscope, or a man who opposes superstitious theory might also turn to a psychic when his wife died.(这句的定位不明确, 于之后的那一句而言, 既没有在说非主流渐渐没以前那么受欢迎, 也很难说就是在说非主流受欢迎, 这些对比在这里显得没有什么意义, 即使能认为是在为非主流在社会中扮演角色来提供背景, 这句也不应该是论证的重点) Although in the contemporary world such no mainstream areas of inquiry as astrology, fortune-telling, psychic and paranormal pursuits has becoming not as popular as thousands of years ago, they still play a vital role in society today by satisfying human needs that are not addressed by mainstream science. (很明显, 这句应该是全文主题句: 非主流虽然没以前那么受欢迎了, 但通过满足人们的需求还是在社会中扮演着重要的角色--完全同意作者观点)
How to explain why a scientific professor also plays a role of churchman or preacher, an atheist also believes horoscope, and a man without religion turns to psychic sometimes is not such difficult. (问题1, BODY段首句不对应主题句, 却对背景进行解释, 至于它跟主题句的关系更是不明确) Noticing that religion, fortune-telling, astrology, psychic and paranormal pursuits are all no mainstream areas of inquiry that could satisfy people’s spiritual or psychological needs, these phenomena that appears to be inscrutable could be easily understood.(看起来这句更象主题句, 并且对应了主题句中唯一出现过的也是题目提到的对非主流科学社会角色的解释) Considering scientific research is fundamentally based on essential objects or phenomenon and its characters are of strict, accurate, and precise, it is doomed to be insufficient in predicting the future without convincing proofs; however, no mainstream science can do what mainstream science cannot or is afraid to do. As the original purpose of mainstream science, no matter physics, biology, chemistry or even mathematics, is to explain the essential characters of existed objects or phenomenon or rather, rules of these things, it has to keep silent in some area, for instance, the unknown future. Comparatively, no mainstream areas can predict the future without any limited factors. [For example, to Bermuda, a mystery region in the Atlantic, and an unknown area that science cannot explain exactly, scientists could not explain why hundreds of planes and ships disappeared in this region more than suggesting there is probably a base of saucerman. Meanwhile wizards might assert the root of this numinous power is the deity. Surly the wizards’ theory is more easily to be accepted by majorities because theology has existed for thousands of years, however, a saucerman has never appeared really.]( because theology has existed for thousands of years = predict the future without any limited factors ? 逻辑论证上的对应混乱, 本来在说因为非主流能够不用证据就给出解释所以能做到主流不能做到的, 这里对例证的分析却偏离了这一点) According to this circumstance, mainstream’s essence decide that it cannot be more sufficient than no mainstream inquiry in such areas as predicting or explaining the uncertain stuff to satisfy people’s curiosity without any convincing evidence.(satisfy people's curiosity=play vital social roles? 这里的逻辑没有连接点, 可以说整个段落的论证与主题句都缺乏联系, 只证明了nonmainstream science satisfy people's need, 却没有证明nonmainstream science play a vital role, 如果用三段论的逻辑推论方法来分析, 那么其实这里题目的说法已经被作者作为一个事实前提拿来用于推论了, 即通过满足人们的需求可以在社会中扮演重要角色. 而另一方面, 这个需求重不重要, 有没有社会意义, 如何来满足都缺乏论证, 作者将太多的功夫花在了说明主流科学和非主流科学在回答人们的异同上, 而这只是逻辑推理数个步骤中的第一步, 离推理出中心论点还差了几步. 另外, 本段的论述跟本段第一句几乎没有任何关系.)
The other factor that limits mainstream science from being helpful is that it is not able to meet people’s particular psychological needs when calamities come.(通过这里的阅读我知道作者的意图似乎在于从"疑问到来时"和"灾难到来时"这样不同的角度来论述非主流科学的作用, 但这些需求与社会角色联系都不是直接的) It is human nature to look for somewhere to rely on spiritually when suffered from a calamity. Nevertheless, science could only tell the reason of calamity but not able to pacify the unfortunate people. [For example, a doctor could tell why persons die and also could try the best to save them but cannot cure the hurt in the death’s relatives heart, in contrast, a psychic could appease them by pretending to meet and talk with the death and sending some soothing words to the relatives. That is exactly why a man without religion might turn to psychic. Even if the man knows that’s unbelievable, he can get some comfort by doing this. Therefore these no mainstream inquiries could sometimes be useful in satisfying particular psychological needs of human beings. Similar examples take places in predicting the future. Many of us could not forget the “Century Prediction” during the late 1990s. Human beings need to set a figure that they could depend on when catastrophe occurs because of the scare due to ignorance of the unknown future, as a result many people chose to believe in augurs who spread canards about earth ruining and promised that the deity will save those who trust in their theory, rather than believe in scientists who could only speak weakly to convince people the coming century will be the same as contemporary century at the scientific position but are helpless in eliminate the scare.](长达几百字的例证, 但细看之下会觉得没有concrete sense, 来回在说病人不信主流信非主流是因为灾难到来时主流做不了什么而非主流可以, 而这一点--为什么非主流可以而主流不可以, 也是支持这一论点最关键的逻辑基础--却没有被深入论证) In a word, science cannot appease the spiritual helpless and panic while no mainstream inquiry can; from this facet no mainstream areas of inquiry are more helpful in satisfying some special needs of people.
On the other hand the no mainstream inquiry is developing along with the development of science and enhancing step by step so that it becomes easer to be accepted.(段落主题句态度不明确, 是好是坏? 是正是反? 是develop还是mask?) [Astrology, for example, absorbed the theory of many science subjects such as geography, meteorology, and astronomy and mixed them together, and then developed some supernatural predicts about fortune or destiny basing on these science subjects.](then? 例子说完就没分析了, 吸取这些元素以后又怎样欺骗大众?) Different from scientific suggestions, these scientific-masked deceptive predicts could cater more efficient to people’s curiosity because they give people an exactly assertion, regardless true or false, while scientific suggestions cannot.(重复第一段论点, 与本段关系不符) Science requires fact but no mainstream inquiry doesn’t have to, so the later one can mix more humanities to meet psychological and spiritual needs of human beings,(后面的论断"非主流可以吸收主流"倒是给了原因, 但这个因果联系并没有依托, 可以说还是在重复"非主流不用证据"的话") therefore science could not take the place of no mainstream inquiry in this facet, at least at current period.
To sum up, although lots of phenomenon has been explained by scientists, no mainstream areas of inquiry are still existed. Because nature is so spacious to human that it always provides something we are not able to explain exactly, and we can only attempt to explain in the long lasting history. We have to admit we are still ignorant to the nature. No mainstream inquiry, in fact, is a kind of native eager of human to explain the unknown. Despite that it has changed from mainstream to no mainstream nowadays, it won’t disappear until everything could be explained precisely in science. It still plays a vital role in current society by satisfying human needs that are not addressed by mainstream science.
总评:
红色部分是在例证使用上的问题, 也是我感觉为什么900多个字为什么拿不了高分的原因: 例证普遍没有说服力, 不能充分发挥作用, 与段落中心句的连接并不直接.
蓝色部分是我认为文章可能会得低分的原因, 逻辑关系不强, 论证没有说服力.
另外还有最严重的问题: 跑题.
从题目来看, 第一句话是在陈述: "非主流科学在社会中起着重要作用"
那么我们给态度, 无非两种:
"1, 起作用. 论证为什么说它起作用, 因为它满足了人们的这些需要, 它给人们心理安慰, 它娱乐大众, 它建设四化, 等等."
"2, 不起作用. 虽然有些人信但是遇到大事还是愿意信科学, 虽然信但是都是假的起不了用, 起的不是vital是fatal租用, 等等."
也就是说, 我们先要给出对于题目所叙述的事实的一个评价, 然后用论证支持这个评价.
而本文在同意题目的观点之后, 没有给评价直接开始说非主流起作用的原因, 至于起了什么作用则没有涉及, 对于第二句, 也就是题目给出的一个分析方向进行默认以后, 因为论证的不充分使之看起来也没有给出明确的支持.
换个角度来讲, 我们对于这道题的态度可以归纳为:
"1, 同意, 起vital作用, 非主流好."
"2, 不同意, 不起vital作用, 非主流不好."
而本文态度却很矛盾"同意, 起作用, 非主流又骗人又无事实根据的满足人们的好奇--到底好不好呢? 没说."
李笑来说过, 作文需要有个明确的态度来作为论证的指导, 可以同意, 可以不同意, 也可以"很明确的"有保留的同意, 而本文的态度却没有做到明确.
至于原因, 我想很多人写ISSUE写多以后就象高中学语文一样, 逐渐失去独立思考的能力了, 看见题目便从题目所提及的问题展开讨论, 却忽视了自己写文的目的, 特别遇到神经紧张的时候, 这种缺乏思考和提前在脑中组织思路的写作很容易导致论证方向不明甚至跑题, 我改过很多的作文, 甚至我自己的很多习作都犯了这样的毛病, 以至于最后看下来不知道在说什么, 就是"车轱辘话来回说".
之前imong有关pooh的作文主题句不明而被判低分的分析, 看来不止argument中, 在issue中也同样适用, 一个明确的主题句, 和全文对主题句的紧密支持, 是GRE作文的重要元素.
当然我这里也有马后炮事后诸葛的嫌疑, 分析难免受主观印象影响而出现错误, 欢迎大家共同探讨.
原帖由 逐梦天涯 于 2007-3-4 01:05 发表
还是把11楼的那篇习作删了...免的误导人...有些人已经准备把它当成前车改了...
呵呵, 这样不是很好么, 防止后来人再犯同样的错误
[ 本帖最后由 lastangel 于 2007-3-4 01:27 编辑 ] |
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