issue88 [0710G 戴三个表冲刺小组] 第2次作业

斯普特尼克UID: 2171287

提纲：
一：风俗方面
1． 部分由于缺乏知识，风俗习惯确实被改变了，古代人祭祀神灵sacrifice livestock even living person to the deity，图腾崇拜totem adoration，求雨pray for rain。
2． 有些风俗的形成与技术没有关系，东亚过Spring festival，美国Thanksgiving，可能在形式和手段上有所改变，但是节日的初衷不变。
二：道德方面
1． 技术改变了道德，在很大程度上，技术的发展逐渐让人们解放了身体，甚至是心灵。19世纪工业革命，妇女工作，逐渐改变地位。
2． 技术的革新同时也在挑战现有的道德，clone, euthanasia(忘了写了……)

TOPIC: ISSUE88 - "Technologies notonly influence but actually determine social customs and ethics."
WORDS: 802          TIME: 01:10:00          DATE: 2007-7-28

The author claims that the developmentactually influences and even determines the social customs and ethics. It issomewhat convincing, nevertheless, in my point of view, the discussion of thistopic should be differentially separated into four parts – transformed (or evenvanished) and retained, positive aspect and negative aspect. And final judgmentshould be taken by a case-by-case analysis.

In the first place, I would like to discusshow technologies influence social customs. There are many exact evidences inhuman history. In ancient America,about 3,000 years ago, native residents cannot explain the natural phenomenasuch as how rain is been formed, why the day turns in to night or what is theworld behind the death of human. Therefore, they hand over their belief todeities and believe that the deities' "behavior" will determine theirlife and try their best to "please" their deities for instance:sacrifice livestock or living person in the certain day of a year. Likewise, insome Asian country in the past-time, even the emperors fear the"anger" of deities and they consider several catastrophes includingearthquake, typhoon, aridity and plague are the punishment of the deities. Inorder to appease the "anger" or "dissatisfaction" of thesedeities, Taoists or monks asked to do something like "sorcery" tocommunicate with the deities and realize their "need" in . With thetechnologies development, however, modern people and authority will never dothe sacrifice or "sorcery" any more after realized the truth of the"deities' behavior". This is to say the technologies do changes somepart of our customs.

Nonetheless, not all the customs havevanished with technologies, especially the ones have no direct relationship toscience and knowledge. The instances are common to our daily life. ThanksgivingDay, for example, an common festival in America, which is to commemoratethe giving of the native American - Indians. The native Indians teach thecolonist and newly arrived residents how to grow crops in this America whenthese Europeans firstly come to this strange continent, and after the colonistsget through the difficult days with the help of the Indians, they sit togetherand eat turkeys and also set this new festival. Similarly in some Asiancountry, the customs of Spring Festival have no much change to thousands ofyears ago. Generally, in my personal point of view, the customs which makepeople feel happiness and satisfaction will not been modified.

In the second place, the positive influenceof technologies to the ethics greatly changed the world in recent hundreds ofyears. Without the development of the productivity and Revival of Learning in16th century, there is no capitalism and capitalistic country atall. At that time, the merchant and craftsman earned increasingly money thanany other time in history before and even the empire and church cannot ignorethe influences taken by them. Finally, the capitalist controlled the countryand finished the empires and the ethnicity in the empires. After that, womengradually get their power and the have been accepted by men by profiting fromthe 1st Industrial Revolution in Europeand fact lead to the equality between men and women in the 20th century.The ethnicity vanished, nobody have to fall on his knee to the nobles; and thesexism will lastly vanished, the women could do any job in the world and finishit perfectly like a man.

Still, several newly technologies occurredwhich severely challenging the modern ethics and cannot be ignored by ours. Thespeed of the development in technologies is much faster than any time in thepast we have to admitted, but it brings troubles and inquiries as well. Fromthe fist day it was been published, cloning technology was facing countlessqueries and censures. It is strongly testing the ethics and law and commonsense of our society. The world cannot accept the impact taken by the cloneright now and may be in a far future just like common people cannot easilyaccept a child in gene could be his father or his sister or someone died in thepast. Furthermore, it is horrible to imagine that hundreds of human have beenput into the society and they have the absolute looking just like you! Who areyou, and who are they? They should be “another” you or just be an individual?It is too hard to explain at present.

To sum up, from what I discussed above, wecan reach to the point that the technologies more or less influence our societyin both customs and ethics in different methods and different aspects indeed.Meanwhile, with the experiences and the coming challenges, we should also payattention to the development of technologies and ensure it will make our lifebetter lead the human in the right way to future.

VIVI_1004UID: 2348359

真的要晕厥了，你打字怎么这么快啊，明天改了给你．

[ 本帖最后由 VIVI_1004 于 2007-7-28 18:03 编辑 ]

scorpioccUID: 2328705

我晕！队长真强。。。800的大牛。。。

VIVI_1004UID: 2348359

问下那个颜色是怎么变的啊，不会用