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16"Although many people think that the luxuries and conveniences of contemporary life are entirely harmless, in fact, they actually prevent people from developing into truly strong and independent individuals."
一、同41高频~~

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25"Anyone can make things bigger and more complex. What requires real effort and courage is to move in the opposite direction—in other words, to make things as simple as possible."complicate…simplify…
复杂事情简单化才是最需要努力和勇气的。
[begin]
During the development of human being’s civilization, technology change from hammer, arrow, sling, compass to operating machine, deadly weapon, advanced appliances. Meanwhile, thoughts of humans are being promoted from believing spiritual authories blindly, sticking to hierarchy strictly, prohibiting scientific achievements to killing racial discrimination, exploring outspace, and advacating liberation, peace and demoncracy. Undoubtedly, complicating things is a process of development. However, simplification is more meaningful, as the statement says.


1、
把简单事物复杂化有其好处。
Admittedly, making things complex is for obtaining more useful information, clarfiying the truth behind the surface and then benefiting to the public. If Newton did not consider further through the ordinary phenomenon--fall of an apple, gravity could not been discovered so early. If Feud gave up imagining the relationship between dreams and sexual psychology, whether this field of academic would be enlarged is totally uncertain. If Sherlock Holmes did not catch any simple clue on the scene, his talent in investigation could never be worshiped by following generations. It is because of their ability to exaggerate details that pushs them to be someones in the history. Moreover, nowadays, brainstorm is one kind of educational method for enriching students’ range of knowledge, which is a viivd application of complicating.
2、简单化
However, comparing to complication, simplification can bring about convenience and luxious. In the world, there are countless magices contained in nature and creatures, which cannot be illustrated in detail, need not to be commanded by each man either. Observing the surroudings where people live, various cellphones ring, flooding cars horn, new buildings are being constructed, fast food are on the way, large numbers of electronic community media have been part of life. People need not to know why cellphone could link strangers in faraway place, how a car run as long as filling with petrol, how many bricks required in the construction, and what is the machanism of the market. None of these are essential for a person’s ordinary life. Just enjoy the benefit from science. Moreover, simplication is more effective in conveying messages. For example, economists are accustomed to turning a complex phenomenon to a story, an equation, a curve, or a chart. Adam Smith, the father of economics, has made a metaphor that the whole market was like a needle factory, where each staff was doing one permanent job everyday, but all staffs were controlling different process when producing the needle. Through the metapher, he mainly emphasized the importance of indivision of work, making the theory understandable to the public.
2、
人
Finally, the most complex on the earth is the relationship between people, and only simplifying them can the life be less unbearable.
In an office, it is common that the manager supervises his employees furiously, employees compete for promotion severely, in which the harmony will be more shaky along with someone complicating a smile to a sarcasm, a conversation opener to trash talk, and a friend ro a rival. That is a miserable. If people can livewith no competition, no unloyalty, no violence, only peace, beauty, and simple delight, the life could be meaningful eventually.

To sum up, I prefer simplication on the earth rather than complicating all things even though comlicating is for enlarging the rage of knowledge, increasing the depth of understanding, and fulfilling the need of actualization. But for a modern person, it cannot be ignored that simplication result in the convenience and luxious, and if the relationship could be simplified, life is more like a present.



[end]

无双UID: 2663935

13"Many of the world's lesser-known languages are being lost as fewer and fewer people speak them. The governments of countries in which these languages are spoken should act to prevent such languages from becoming extinct."(参考课本)
[begin]完全同意
1、尽管全球化潮流下，很多语言已经失去作用，失去魅力。
2、语言也有内在的价值。。
3、语言是一种文化，一种符号。 伴随语言消失的同时是民族的消失
随着时代的发展，印第安人同外界的接触越来越多，有些印第安人还离开部落，融入到现代社会中。据统计，目前巴西约有12万印第安人在国内的各个城市工作、生活。
    印第安人从部落转向城镇生活，也带来了语言流失的问题。由于很多大城镇的学校不教印第安语言，而一些印第安老人为避免种族歧视，也不再教孩子说印第安语，这使得印第安人的母语逐渐被其它语言代替，能说印第安语言的年轻人不断减少，很多语言在消亡。而用口述的方式，代代相传历史、传统的习惯也在逐渐地消失。据悉，在美洲大陆印第安人人口最多的国家——墨西哥现存的60多种印第安语言中，有23种仅有不到2000名使用者。
    近年来，关于如何保护土著人权益的问题，正逐步引起各国政府的重视，并促使其采取了一定的措施。例如巴西宪法明确规定，印第安人的社会组成、习惯、语言、信仰与风俗受到尊重与保护。1999年，巴西政府还将印第安人纳入到国家医疗体系中，建立了相当数量的印第安人医疗站。澳大利亚政府为改善原住民的生活状况，每年都进行了相当大的投入，今年开始，这笔资金调高到每年28.6亿澳元。
    此外，墨西哥官方今年特别呼吁人们关注土著语言的消亡问题。墨西哥国家印第安语言学院希望帮助一些印第安部落复兴他们的语言，通过诗歌、讲述和歌唱等方式加强口述传统。
    在美洲大陆印第安人人口最多的国家——墨西哥现存的60多种印第安语言中，有23种仅有不到2000名使用者。

[end]

无双UID: 2663935

49法律	180"Many problems of modern society cannot be solved by laws and the legal system because moral behavior cannot be legislated."

同
(超低频)178、"It is possible to pass laws that control or place limits on people's behavior, but legislation cannot reform human nature. Laws cannot change what is in people's hearts and minds."

说law defination
说law benefits 对于我而言




1、
法律在长期以来in the long run是可以改变人们的思想。Could change
黑人白人歧视the discrimination
从50年代到70年代，美国采取的一系列法律，使种族歧视处于非法地位，黑人的公民权利得到法律保障。虽然起初并不没有让全社会普遍接受，改变根深蒂固的种族歧视的。各州各地的选举、犯罪判决等，都隐隐约约保留着烙印。但是如今，谁能说美国不是个伟大的国家呢？09年奥巴马Obama的当选无疑增强了全世界各族人民的要求平等的信心，I have a dream. change .we need, we can. (你应该把票投给奥巴马，不是因为他的税收政策，不是因为他要从伊拉克撤军，不是因为他承诺要对华人怎么好……你投给他的那一票，是投给一种理念和信念，投给一种希望和理想！美国已经有几十个清一色的白人男性总统了，但没有一个总统被选上后，可以像奥巴马被选上时那样，全世界都可以自豪的说，世界已经被改变，新的历史被创造了！)

2、
短期很难改变。In the short run
is hard to alter
离婚divorce：抚养费maintenance履行义务，却不能陪伴，没有了亲情。
妇女产假maternity leave：实则保护，其实更多妇女因此失业.
监狱：仅仅能够约束人们的行为，压抑地生活在一个圈子里面，不代表会净化人心。
Green mile
The Shawshank Redemption
太多的暴力、血腥、性虐、黑暗。。。

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50题研究类~~~完全同前。