issue 作文

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向无双学习 不知道写了多久写了那么多
我也写写 先占好楼层

每天来改

130 How children are socialized today determined the destiny of society. Unfortunately, we have not yet learned how to raise children who can help bring about a better society.

翻译：如今儿童如何被社会化决定了社会的命运。不幸的是，我们还没有学会怎样培养出能够建设出一个更好社会的儿童。

socialize韦式的解释是
1 to regulate according to the theory and practice of socialism
2 to adapt to social needs and uses
3 to participate actively in a social gathering

正是因为儿童的社会化可以决定社会的命运，所以如何培养儿童就决定了是否社会可以变得更好的问题。
People often say" only children bring us the future of our society."And that's why education always be a controversy center. We cannot emphasize the importance of diligence too much.
正如作者所说，儿童的社会化非常重要。 因为孩子是祖国的希望。 所以我们再怎么强调教育也不为过。但是怎样raise children well 还是一个问题。
1.什么是socialized 确实是是children 影响甚至决定着社会的未来。而且他们社会化的程度起着一定的作用。 但是这并不能说其它方面不重要，比如培养其独立思考的能力，EQ, 处理自己的感受。 过度社会化，失去了自我。
倒是不是不是社会化的程度决定着社会的未来，在某种程度上说是正确的。socializtion is to adapt to social uses and needs, including how to
2.教育的不足（望子成龙、急于求成。理论知识多，实践少）
Firstly, parents are so hurry to see achivements of their children.
3.raise children to better society 的方式
  政府投资(fun)，老师提升自己(knowledge)，家长支持孩子（mental & phical）

诚然在短时间内找到长久有效的解决方法并不是一件容易的事情。但是只要我们不断的改进，相信总有一天，知道怎样培养孩子和拥有一个更好的未来。
110 "How children are socialized today determines the destiny of society. Unfortunately, we have not yet learned how to raise children who can help bring about a better society."
In today's complex and rapidly changing world, the education of our children is playing a crucial role and this trend has become more and more manifest around our daily life. How children are socialized today determines the destiny of society, however, people still have no idea about how to raise their children who can help bring about a better society. At the first glance, the speaker's opinion seems to be somewhat unreasonable, however, after a further consideration in many aspects of our daily life, I strongly agree its opinion for the following reasons.
One of the main purposes of education is to help children prepare everything sufficiently before they enter the complex society, because the socialization of our children determines the future of our society. On the one hand, from a point of view in moral, the education tells our children to be honest, fairness, self-discipline, love of country, and decent, which could better realize them the value of virtue inside themselves and the entire society. But on the other hand, from a point of view in knowledge and skill, the education could promise our children the basic knowledge and ability to survive in this competitive world. If they lack these necessary abilities, they might be replaced in today's world and lost their confidence and interest toward everything around them, there is no doubt it would be a tragedy for them.
However, though people have realize the significance of education for their children, that doesn't mean our wonderful wishes and inclinations could help us better educate our children and make them an excellent person in the society. The education in today's life still lacks many effective methods to improve children's ability, actually, there exists some important problems inside the system of education. For example, some schools order their students to focus the steady formulation and laws to calculate math and physical issues, or to remember numerous of history events in the past, though they might only have little use in their study. However, the genuine education, as Socrates knew more than two thousands years ago, is not the inserting the stuffing of information into a student, but rather eliciting knowledge form him; it is the drawing out of what is in the mind. Just as Socrates once said, "Look into your own selves and find the spark of truth that God has put into every heart, and that only you can kindle to a flame."
The modern education should pay more attention to the cultivation of children's ability, but not some consistent knowledge. Admittedly, the basic knowledge is surely important and necessary, however, over-emphasized on it might has certain counter-effect. The rapid rhythm of today's life requires people not only the basic skill to survive in this society, while the more important things should be their ability to adapt different environment and situation after they enter this society. The change of current education would make a brand new situation for children ability in many aspects, which could help children grow to be mature and society more stable and rapidly developed.
In summary, today's education contains many potential problems inside itself, though it can satisfy the basic need of a person. While the change to the current education might alter people's daily life and their abilities, for a further consideration about the future, the brand new form of education will definitely benefit our children's ability and virtue and society's stability and prosperous future.

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50"In order to improve the quality of instruction at the college and university level, all faculty should be required to spend time working outside the academic world in professions relevant to the courses they teach."

College, the place which transforms students from dreamers into pillars of society: engineers, doctors, lawyers, working stiffs, or even the one who will finally join in college itself, a faculty, provides each student the ability to survive and contribute what they have learned to the world. If we say that college is the launching pad for students to take off, then faculties will be the navigators to guide. Faculty, the instructor of courses at college, plays an important role of improving the quality of college; the teaching styles of faculty, practical or academic, affect what student will be, which is one of the essential factors for evaluating the quality of a college. However, to distinguish which style is a better one is a disputable work.
        Albert Einstein, the author of the theory of relativity and one of the greatest physicists in 20th century, said that developing the ability of independent thinking should be put in the place prior to getting the professional knowledge, and the former one is also the core that academic teaching style could bring to students. This style provides students the methodology to dig out the problem, define the problem and finally solve the problem; it gives students ability to discover the short cut to the best solution which can make the “professional knowledge” as the old fashion.
        However, we should still leave a place for profession knowledge which proves that the result of academic research is not only imaginary but also practicable and profitable in the world we live. The best evidence to explain why professional knowledge is as important as the academic research is that most industrial factory depend on their own SOP (Standard Operation Procedure) which is one of professional knowledge to produce products in the most economize and quickest way to raise the current revenue, not any advanced academic research. But, the future earnings may rely on the academic developments.
        Actually, the contemporary education system has seamlessly interpreted how people treat these two teaching style: academic, or professional. We can roughly classify colleges into research-oriented, or technology-oriented, and both of them have specialized objective to teach distinct types of students. A research-oriented college instructs the students to think ahead for benefiting human being’s like in the future with more academic courses, while a technology-oriented college provides more professional and practical courses to train the students for accommodating themselves promptly in industries they will join. So, working in the areas relevant to the courses they teach would be a considerable selection for faculty in technology-oriented college to identify what the world needs now.

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48"The study of history places too much emphasis on individuals. The most significant events and trends in history were made possible not by the famous few, but by groups of people whose identities have long been forgotten."

Should the study of history pay more attention to the  famous few instead of groups of people? My answer is yes. It is true that the famous few along with groups of surrounding people made the significant historical events or trends possible in certain condition. However, it is the special individuals who influenced on or decisived the direction of social, political and cultural development. Therefore, the role of famous few in history is necessary to stury.

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208"The way people look, dress, and act reveals their attitudes and interests. You can tell much about a society's ideas and values by observing the appearance and behavior of its people."
人们的外表，穿着和动作都揭示了他们的态度和兴趣。你可以通过观察一个社会中人们的外貌和举止来认识该社会的理念和价值。

Does dressing reveal a persons' character :

By Subahshini Maruthaveeran


Does clothing reveal a persons’ character or attitude? This has been a question asked for quite some time among the people around the world. I came across a variety of answer for this question. But this should be viewed especially in terms of culture background.

As we can see most people view a person attitude by just looking at their clothing. If a man wears a tie with a suit or a women with an expensive dress definitely the person would be treated nicely. Why does this happen? Does this means a person with a neat dressing labeled as a person who owns good manners.

This view is different in terms of our culture background. For example an Asian usually thinks clothing plays an important role in deciding a persons’ attitude. For Asians whenever they see a person with awkward or simple clothing they tend to avoid communicating with them. It has been buried in their minds that people with non-expensive clothing are not so-called a “good people”.

It is very weird that quite a number of Asian people think so shallow. For example this is a real incident explained by one of my lecturer. He went to a government department for some enquiries. That time he was just wearing jeans and T-shirt. When he called out for enquiries, one of the staff responded negatively towards him. The staff replied in a rude manner. The next day when he came back again but this time in a suit and tie, the staff responded very politely and positively. This shows the people value a person by their clothing. How shallow could they be?

Clothes can’t tell a persons’ character and people should realize this. A character can be only judged by communicating with a person and not by looking at their clothing. I hope the Asians will open their mind more broadly and see the world in a more positive way.

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153"Students should bring a certain skepticism to whatever they study. They should question what they are taught instead of accepting it passively."

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43"To be an effective leader, a public official must maintain the highest ethical and moral standards."

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88"Technologies not only influence but actually determine social customs and ethics."

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69"Government should place few, if any, restrictions on scientific research and development"

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120"So much is new and complex today that looking back for an understanding of the past provides little guidance for living in the present."

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17"There are two types of laws: just and unjust. Every individual in a society has a responsibility to obey just laws and, even more importantly, to disobey and resist unjust laws."

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70"In any profession—business, politics, education, government—those in power should step down after five years. The surest path to success for any enterprise is revitalization through new leadership."

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212"If a goal is worthy, then any means taken to attain it is justifiable."

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48"The study of history places too much emphasis on individuals. The most significant events and trends in history were made possible not by the famous few, but by groups of people whose identities have long been forgotten."

无敌小番茄UID: 2684290

120"So much is new and complex today that looking back for an understanding of the past provides little guidance for living in the present."

People live in the present. They plan for and worry about the future. History, however, is the study of the past. Given all the demands that press in from living in the present and anticipating what is yet to come, why bother with what has been? Given all the desirable and available branches of knowledge, why insist—as most American educational programs do—on a good bit of history? And why urge many students to study even more history than they are required to?
Any subject of study needs justification: its advocates must explain why it is worth attention. Most widely accepted subjects—and history is certainly one of them—attract some people who simply like the information and modes of thought involved. But audiences less spontaneously drawn to the subject and more doubtful about why to bother need to know what the purpose is.
Historians do not perform heart transplants, improve highway design, or arrest criminals. In a society that quite correctly expects education to serve useful purposes, the functions of history can seem more difficult to define than those of engineering or medicine. History is in fact very useful, actually indispensable, but the products of historical study are less tangible, sometimes less immediate, than those that stem from some other disciplines.
In the past history has been justified for reasons we would no longer accept. For instance, one of the reasons history holds its place in current education is because earlier leaders believed that a knowledge of certain historical facts helped distinguish the educated from the uneducated; the person who could reel off the date of the Norman conquest of England (1066) or the name of the person who came up with the theory of evolution at about the same time that Darwin did (Wallace) was deemed superior—a better candidate for law school or even a business promotion. Knowledge of historical facts has been used as a screening device in many societies, from China to the United States, and the habit is still with us to some extent. Unfortunately, this use can encourage mindless memorization—a real but not very appealing aspect of the discipline.
History should be studied because it is essential to individuals and to society, and because it harbors beauty. There are many ways to discuss the real functions of the subject—as there are many different historical talents and many different paths to historical meaning. All definitions of history's utility, however, rely on two fundamental facts.
History Helps Us Understand People and Societies
In the first place, history offers a storehouse of information about how people and societies behave. Understanding the operations of people and societies is difficult, though a number of disciplines make the attempt. An exclusive reliance on current data would needlessly handicap our efforts. How can we evaluate war if the nation is at peace—unless we use historical materials? How can we understand genius, the influence of technological innovation, or the role that beliefs play in shaping family life, if we don't use what we know about experiences in the past? Some social scientists attempt to formulate laws or theories about human behavior. But even these recourses depend on historical information, except for in limited, often artificial cases in which experiments can be devised to determine how people act. Major aspects of a society's operation, like mass elections, missionary activities, or military alliances, cannot be set up as precise experiments. Consequently, history must serve, however imperfectly, as our laboratory, and data from the past must serve as our most vital evidence in the unavoidable quest to figure out why our complex species behaves as it does in societal settings. This, fundamentally, is why we cannot stay away from history: it offers the only extensive evidential base for the contemplation and analysis of how societies function, and people need to have some sense of how societies function simply to run their own lives.
History Helps Us Understand Change and How the Society We Live in Came to Be
The second reason history is inescapable as a subject of serious study follows closely on the first. The past causes the present, and so the future. Any time we try to know why something happened—whether a shift in political party dominance in the American Congress, a major change in the teenage suicide rate, or a war in the Balkans or the Middle East—we have to look for factors that took shape earlier. Sometimes fairly recent history will suffice to explain a major development, but often we need to look further back to identify the causes of change. Only through studying history can we grasp how things change; only through history can we begin to comprehend the factors that cause change; and only through history can we understand what elements of an institution or a society persist despite change.
The importance of history in explaining and understanding change in human behavior is no mere abstraction. Take an important human phenomenon such as alcoholism. Through biological experiments scientists have identified specific genes that seem to cause a proclivity toward alcohol addiction in some individuals. This is a notable advance. But alcoholism, as a social reality, has a history: rates of alcoholism have risen and fallen, and they have varied from one group to the next. Attitudes and policies about alcoholism have also changed and varied. History is indispensable to understanding why such changes occur. And in many ways historical analysis is a more challenging kind of exploration than genetic experimentation. Historians have in fact greatly contributed in recent decades to our understanding of trends (or patterns of change) in alcoholism and to our grasp of the dimensions of addiction as an evolving social problem.
One of the leading concerns of contemporary American politics is low voter turnout, even for major elections. A historical analysis of changes in voter turnout can help us begin to understand the problem we face today. What were turnouts in the past? When did the decline set in? Once we determine when the trend began, we can try to identify which of the factors present at the time combined to set the trend in motion. Do the same factors sustain the trend still, or are there new ingredients that have contributed to it in more recent decades? A purely contemporary analysis may shed some light on the problem, but a historical assessment is clearly fundamental—and essential for anyone concerned about American political health today.
History, then, provides the only extensive materials available to study the human condition. It also focuses attention on the complex processes of social change, including the factors that are causing change around us today. Here, at base, are the two related reasons many people become enthralled with the examination of the past and why our society requires and encourages the study of history as a major subject in the schools.
The Importance of History in Our Own Lives
These two fundamental reasons for studying history underlie more specific and quite diverse uses of history in our own lives. History well told is beautiful. Many of the historians who most appeal to the general reading public know the importance of dramatic and skillful writing—as well as of accuracy. Biography and military history appeal in part because of the tales they contain. History as art and entertainment serves a real purpose, on aesthetic grounds but also on the level of human understanding. Stories well done are stories that reveal how people and societies have actually functioned, and they prompt thoughts about the human experience in other times and places. The same aesthetic and humanistic goals inspire people to immerse themselves in efforts to reconstruct quite remote pasts, far removed from immediate, present-day utility. Exploring what historians sometimes call the "pastness of the past"—the ways people in distant ages constructed their lives—involves a sense of beauty and excitement, and ultimately another perspective on human life and society.
History Contributes to Moral Understanding
History also provides a terrain for moral contemplation. Studying the stories of individuals and situations in the past allows a student of history to test his or her own moral sense, to hone it against some of the real complexities individuals have faced in difficult settings. People who have weathered adversity not just in some work of fiction, but in real, historical circumstances can provide inspiration. "History teaching by example" is one phrase that describes this use of a study of the past—a study not only of certifiable heroes, the great men and women of history who successfully worked through moral dilemmas, but also of more ordinary people who provide lessons in courage, diligence, or constructive protest.

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40"Scholars and researchers should not be concerned with whether their work makes a contribution to the larger society. It is more important that they pursue their individual interests, however unusual or idiosyncratic those interests may seem."