1006G SPECTACULAR 备考日记 by环游世界[无]——让每天充实快乐

环游世界UID: 2743584

今天任务完成。明天又要考完1科了，然后。。继续图书馆。昨晚发现图书馆又新进了一批英文书。兴奋啊！

环游世界UID: 2743584

01.15 昨天上不了外网。没法汇报。现在红宝到LIST 25，词汇伴侣到105页。昨天下午看了一本书，《The Evelyn Wood Seven-Day Speed Reading and Learning Program》，讲速读和学习习惯的，感觉很好，晚上试了下，有点晕。呵呵，加油！
又看了2个list，今天任务完成了。红宝list 27。

环游世界UID: 2743584

红宝LIST 30.词汇伴侣125页。精读看了一篇关于疟疾的。名字各种多，malaria,ague,tertian fever,quartan fever,paludism都是疟疾。

环游世界UID: 2743584

有一周没来了，发这个贴有很强的负罪感啊！这段时间，有点颓废，忙着考试，忙着收拾东西回家。现在刚到家，接下来1个月要百倍努力，全心投入。好了，少说多做，看行动！这段时间，每日精读1篇economist还是完成了,toefl词汇伴侣过到270，红宝到41就没往下看了,打算先把这些内容练熟。这次回家，时间表也忘带了，汗。就当一个新的起点吧。加油。明天补语法和comment作业,复习单词。

环游世界UID: 2743584

0910AW SPECTACULAR 之【SU & SY SO】第六期——从句

练习1：
1-5 CBDCB
6-10 CBADC
11-15 CABCC

4. _____ we have finished the course, we shall start doing more revision work.
A. For now        B.  Since that       C.  Now that        D.  By now
Now that:既然
Since that:自从
13. We’ll start off as we planned _____.
A. no matter he will come or not       B.  no matter whether he will come or not
C.  whether is he coming or not       D.  whether he comes or not
no matter:引导让步状语从句，whether...or not 只表示两种情况
14. To my delight, there was my purse in the back seat of the taxi, _____ the driver couldn’t possibly have seen it before.
A. that        B.  which        C.  where        D.  when
Where表示在某种情况下
练习2：
1-5 CAAAC
6-10 BABDA
11-15 DBACB
4. When she came back from abroad, Lucy told us about the cities and the people _____ she had visited.
A. that        B.  who        C.  where       D.  which
多个名词作主语，that做关系代词
5. Because of the traffic jam _____ I was caught, I was late for the meeting.
A. by which        B.  in which        C.  that        D.  where
Catch taffic jam:搭配
从句练习三
1-5 ABDDC
6-10 CCCAA
11-15 DBACA
16-20: DBCDB
21-25 BDAAD
5. I shall take you back to France _____ you are well enough to travel.
        A. presently        B.  quickly        C.  directly        D.  at once
Directly有连词义:一…就
I will telephone you directly I hear the news.
我一听到消息, 马上打电话给你。
Presently:只有副词，表示现在，不久。
17. We should be able to do the job for you quickly, _____ you give us all the necessary information.
       A. in case of        B.  provided that       C.  or else        D.  as if

Provided that:假如，设若

In case of:以防万一

环游世界UID: 2743584

0910AW SPECTACULAR 之【SU & SY SO】第十期——连词
连词是一种虚词， 它不能独立担任句子成分而只起连接词与词，短语与短语以及句与句的作用。连词主要可分为两类：并列连词和从属连词。并列连词用来连接平行的词、词组和分句。如：and, but, or, nor, so, therefore, yet, however, for, hence, as well as, both…and, not only…but also, either…or, neither…nor, (and)then等等。

1 并列连词与并列结构
并列连词引导两个并列的句子。
1)and 与or
判断改错：
(错) They sat down and talk about something.

(错) They started to dance and sang.
(错) I saw two men sitting behind and whisper there.
(对) They sat down and talked about something.
(对) They started to dance and sing.
(对)I saw two men sitting behind and whispering there.

解析：

第一句： and 连接两个并列的谓语，所以 talk 应改为 talked。
第二句：and 连接两个并列的动词不定式，第二个不定式往往省略to，因此sang 应改为 sing。
第三句：and 连接感观动词saw 后面的用作的宾补的两个并列分词结构，因此whisper应改为whispering。
注意：and 还可以和祈使句或名词词组连用表示条件。（or也有此用法）

Make up your mind, and you'll get the chance.

= If you make up your mind, you'll get the chance.

One more effort, and you'll succeed.

= If you make one more effort, you'll succeed.

2)both …and两者都
She plays (both) the piano and the guitar.

3)not only…but (also), as well as不但…而且）
She plays not only the piano, but (also) the guitar.


注意： not only… but also 关联两个分句时，一个分句因有否定词not 而必须倒装。

Not only does he like reading stories, but also he can even write some.

4)neithe…nor 意思为"既不……也不……"谓语动词采用就近原则，与nor后的词保持一致。
Neither you nor he is to blame.
2 比较and和or
1) 并列结构中，or通常用于否定句，and用于肯定句。

2) 但有时and 也可用于否定句。请注意其不同特点：

There is no air or water in the moon.

There is no air and no water on the moon.
在否定中并列结构用or 连接，但含有两个否定词的句子实际被看作是肯定结构，因此要用and。
典型例题
---I don't like chicken ___ fish.
---I don't like chicken, ___ I like fish very much.
A. and； and B. and； but C. or； but D. or；and
答案C。否定句中表并列用or, but 表转折。
判断改错：
(错) We will die without air and water.
(错) We can't live without air or water.
(对) We will die without air or water.
(对) We can't live without air and water.
双重否定看成肯定
3 表示选择的并列结构
1) or意思为"否则"。

I must work hard, or I'll fail in the exam.

2) either…or意思为"或者……或者 ……"。注意谓语动词采用就近原则。

Either you or I am right.


4 表示转折或对比

1) but表示转折，while表示对比。

Some people love cats, while others hate them.

典型例题
--- Would you like to come to dinner tonight?
--- I'd like to, ___ I'm too busy.
A. and B. so C. as D. but
答案D。but与前面形成转折，符合语意。而表并列的and， 结果的so，原因的as都不符合句意。

2) not…but… 意思为"不是 ……而是……"

not 和but 后面的用词要遵循一致原则。

They were not the bones of an animal, but (the bones) of a human being.
5 表原因关系

1) for
判断改错：

(错) For he is ill, he is absent today.

(对) He is absent today, for he is ill.

for是并列连词，不能置于含两个并列分句的句子的句首，只能将其放在两个分句中间。

2) so, therefore
He hurt his leg, so he couldn't play in the game.

注意：

a. 两个并列连词不能连用，但therefore, then, yet.可以和并列连词连用。
You can watch TV, and or you can go to bed.
He hurt his leg, and so / and therefore he couldn't play in the game.


b. although… yet…，但although不与 but连用。

(错)Although he was weak, but he tried his best to do the work..

(对)Although he was weak, yet he tried his best to do the work.
6 比较so和 such


其规律由so与such的不同词性决定。such 是形容词，修饰名词或名词词组，so是副词，只能修饰形容词或副
词。so 还可与表示数量的形容词many，few，much， little连用，形成固定搭配。

so + adj.
such + a(n) + n.
so + adj. + a(n) + n.
such + n. (pl.)
so + adj. + n. (pl.)
such +n. (pl.)
so + adj. + n. [不可数
]such +n. [不可数]

so foolish such a fool
so nice a flower such a nice flower
so many/ few flowers such nice flowers
so much/little money. such rapid progress
so many people such a lot of people


so many 已成固定搭配，a lot of 虽相当于 many，但 a lot of 为名词性的，只能用such搭配。

so…that与such…that之间的转换既为 so与such之间的转换。
http://news.hongen.com/news/show_34_65_1.html

环游世界UID: 2743584

0910AW SPECTACULAR 之【SU & SY SO】第十三期——独立主格、特殊词
                           独立主格
==========================

1 独立主格

（一）：独立主格结构的构成：
名词(代词)+现在分词、过去分词；
名词(代词)+形容词；
名词(代词)+副词；
名词(代词)+不定式；
名词(代词) +介词短语构成。

（二）
独立主格结构的特点：
1）独立主格结构的逻辑主语与句子的主语不同，它独立存在。
2）名词或代词与后面的分词，形容词，副词，不定式，介词等是主谓关系。
3）独立主格结构一般有逗号与主句分开。

举例：
The test finished, we began our holiday.
= When the test was finished, we began our holiday.
考试结束了，我们开始放假。
The president assassinated, the whole country was in deep sorrow.
= After the president was assassinated, the whole country was in deep sorrow.
总统被谋杀了，举国上下沉浸在悲哀之中。
Weather permitting, we are going to visit you tomorrow.
如果天气允许，我们明天去看你。
This done, we went home.
工作完成后，我们才回家。
The meeting gone over, everyone tired to go home earlier.
会议结束后，每个人都想早点回家。
He came into the room, his ears red with cold.
他回到了房子里，耳朵冻坏了。
He came out of the library, a large book under his arm.
他夹着本厚书，走出了图书馆
2 With的复合结构作独立主格

表伴随时，既可用分词的独立结构，也可用with的复合结构。
with +名词(代词)+现在分词/过去分词/形容词/副词/不定式/介词短语
举例: He stood there, his hand raised.

= He stood there, with his hand raised.

典型例题

The murder was brought in, with his hands ___ behind his back。
A. being tied B. having tiedC. to be tiedD. tied
答案D. with +名词（代词）+分词+介词短语结构。当分词表示伴随状况时，其主语常常用with来引导。由于本句中名词"手"与分词"绑"是被动关系，因此用过去分词，选D.

注意:

1) 独立主格结构使用介词的问题：
当介词是in 时，其前后的两个名词均不加任何成分（如物主代词或冠词），也不用复数。但 with 的复合结构不受此限制

A robber burst into the room, knife in hand.

( hand前不能加his)。

2) 当表人体部位的词做逻辑主语时，不及物动词用现在分词，及物动词用过去分词。关键看主动还是被动

He lay there, his teeth set, his hand clenched, his eyes looking straight up.


典型例题：
Weather___, we'll go out for a walk.
A permitted B permitting C permits D for permitting

答案 B. 本题中没有连词，它不是复合句，也不是并列句。句中使用了逗号，且we 小写，可知其不是两个简单句。能够这样使用的只有独立主格或with的复合结构。据此判断，本句中使用的是独立结构，
其结构为：名词+分词。由于permit在这里翻译为'天气允许'，表主动，应用现在分词，故选B。
如果不会判断独立结构作状语的形式，不妨将句子改为条件句，例如本句改为If weather permits, we'll go out for a walk. 然后将if 去掉，再将谓语动词改为非谓语动词即可。

==========================
特殊词
==========================


1 stop doing/to do


stop to do停止，中断做某事后去做另一件事。
stop doing停止做某事。
They stop to smoke a cigarette. 他们停下来，抽了根烟。
I must stop smoking. 我必须戒烟了。
典型例题
She reached the top of the hill and stopped ___on a big rock by the side of the path.
A. to have restedB. resting C. to restD. rest
答案： C。由题意可知，她到了山顶，停下来在一个路边的大石头上休息。因此，应选择"stop to do sth. 停下来去做另一件事"。而不仅仅是爬山动作的终止，所以stop doing sth.不正确。
2 forget doing/to do
forget to do忘记要去做某事。(未做)
forget doing忘记做过某事。(已做)
The light in the office is stil on. He forgot to turn it off.
办公室的灯还在亮着，它忘记关了。(没有做关灯的动作)
He forgot turning the light off.
他忘记他已经关了灯了。 ( 已做过关灯的动作)
Don't forget to come tomorrow.
别忘了明天来。 (to come动作未做)
典型例题
---- The light in the office is still on.
---- Oh，I forgot___.

A. turning it off B. turn it off C. to turn it off D. having turned it off

答案：C。由the light is still on 可知灯亮着，即关灯的动作没有发生，因此用forget to do sth.
而forget doing sth表示灯已经关上了，而自己忘记了这一事实。此处不符合题意。

3 remember doing/to do


remember to do 记得去做某事 (未做)
remember doing记得做过某事 (已做)

Remember to go to the post office after school.
记着放学后去趟邮局。
Don't you remember seeing the man before?
你不记得以前见过那个人吗?

4 regret doing/to do


regret to do 对要做的事遗憾。(未做)
regret doing 对做过的事遗憾、后悔。(已做)
I regret to have to do this, but I have no choice.
我很遗憾必须这样去做，我实在没有办法。
I don't regret telling her what I thought.
我不为告诉她我的想法而后悔。
典型例题
---You were brave enough to raise objections at the meeting.
---Well, now I regret ___ that.
A. to do B. to be doing C.to have done D.having done
答案：D。regret having done sth. 对已发生的事感到遗憾。regret to do sth. 对将要做的事感到遗憾。本题为对已说的话感到后悔，因此选D。

5 cease doing/to do


cease to do 长时间，甚至永远停做某事。
cease doing 短时停止做某事，以后还会接着做。

That department has ceased to exist forever.
那个部门已不复存在。
The girls ceased chatting for a moment when their teacher passed by.
姑娘们在老师走过时，停了会聊天。

6 try doing/to do


try to do努力，企图做某事。
try doing 试验，试着做某事。

You must try to be more careful.
你可要多加小心。
I tried gardening but didn't succeed.
我试着种果木花卉，但未成功。


7 go on doing/to do


go on to do做了一件事后，接着做另一件事。
go on doing 继续做原来做的事。

After he had finished his maths，he went on to do his physics.

做完数学后，他接着去做物理。

Go on doing the other exercise after you have finished this one.

作完这个练习后，接着做其他的练习

8 be afraid doing/to do


be afraid to do不敢，胆怯去做某事，是主观上的原因不去做，意为"怕"；
be afraid of doing担心出现doing的状况、结果。 doing 是客观上造成的，意为"生怕，恐怕"。

She was afraid to step further in grass because she was afraid of being bitten by a snake.
她生怕被蛇咬着，而不敢在草丛中再走一步。
She was afraid to wake her husband.
她不敢去叫醒她丈夫。
She was afraid of waking her husband.
她生怕吵醒她丈夫。

9 be interested doing/to do


interested to do 对做某事感兴趣，想了解某事。
interested in doing 对某种想法感兴趣，doing 通常为想法。

I shall be interested to know what happens.
我很想知道发生了什么事。 (想了解)
I'm interested in working in Switzerland. Do you have any idea about that?
我对在瑞士工作感兴趣。你想过这事吗? (一种想法)

10 mean to doing/to do
mean to do 打算、想
mean doing意味着
I mean to go, but my father would not allow me to.
我想去，但是我父亲不肯让我去。
To raise wage means increasing purchasing power.
赠加工资意味着增加购买力。

11 begin(start) doing/to do


begin / start to do sth
begin / start doing sth.

1)谈及一项长期活动或开始一种习惯时，使用doing.

How old were you when you first started playing the piano?

你几岁时开始弹钢琴？
2)begin, start用进行时时，后面动词用不定式to do
I was beginning to get angry。
我开始生起气来。
3)在attempt, intend, begin, start 后接 know, understand, realize这类动词时，常用不定式to do。
I begin to understand the truth。
我开始明白真相。
4)物作主语时
It began to melt.

12 感官动词 + doing/to do

感官动词 see, watch, observe, notice, look at, hear, listen to, smell, taste, feel + do 表示动作的完整性，真实性；
+doing 表示动作的连续性，进行性

I saw him work in the garden yesterday.
昨天我看见他在花园里干活了。(强调"我看见了"这个事实)
I saw him working in the garden yesterday.（强调"我见他正干活"这个动作）
昨天我见他正在花园里干活。
典型例题
1）They knew her very well. They had seen her ___ up from childhood.

A. grow B. grew C. was growing D. to grow

答案：A。因题意为，他们看着她长大，因此强调的是成长的过程，而非正在长的动作，因此用see sb do sth 的句型。

2）The missing boy was last seen ___ near the river.
A. playing B. to be playingC. play D. to play
答案A. 本题强调其动作，正在河边玩，应此用see sb. doing sth句型。

domudomuUID: 2670967

Daniel 很认真啊，你的目标也树立的很高大，一起加油吧，Thank you

环游世界UID: 2743584

我太懒，和大家比差得太多。加油~PS：我已经换到另外一个备考日志了，欢迎来拍
https://bbs.gter.net/thread-1054093-1-1.html
23# domudomu