8(E)
全文主旨:primary purpose
抓取表征作者态度的关键词句
背景陈述--“Critics have long been puzzled by the inner contradictions of major characters in John Webster’s tragedies.”
问题起源--“such contradictions are virtually essential to the tragic personality, and yet critics keep coming back to this element of inconsistency as though it were an eccentric feature of Webster’s own tragic vision”
对象状态—“Webster has become a prisoner of our critical presuppositions”,“Consequently, his characters cannot be evaluated according to reductive formulas of good and evil, which is precisely what modern critics have tried to do.”
对象强调—“He presents us not only with characters that we condemn intellectually or ethically and at the same time impulsively approve of, but also with judgments we must accept as logically sound and yet find emotionally repulsive.”
从上面关键词句可以推断出作者在为Webster辩护
即“offer an alternative to a flawed interpretation”,“alternative”代表正解,”flawed interpretation”代表曲解
9(A)
根据“that most influenced Webster’s tragedies”定位原文
“Yet Webster seems not to have been as heavily influenced by the morality play’s model of reality as were his Elizabethan contemporaries; he was apparently more sensitive to the more morally complicated Italian drama than to these English sources.”而“his Elizabethan contemporaries”à” Morality plays allegorized that conflict by presenting characters whose actions were defined as the embodiment of good or evil. This model of reality lived on (live on: v.继续生活), overlaid by different conventions, in the most sophisticated Elizabethan works of the following age.”
即Webster对good/evil类的Elizabethan不敏感
选项(A)“They were not concerned with dramatizing the conflict between good and evil that was presented in morality plays.”对此表述
10(B)
根据“Aristotle’s view of tragedy”定位原文
“The ancient Greek philosopher Aristotle implied that such contradictions are virtually essential to the tragic personality, and yet critics keep coming back to this element of inconsistency as though it were an eccentric feature of Webster’s own tragic vision”
结合第8题的分析,知道作者在为Webster辩护,引用Aristotle是为了证明Webster tragedy的正常
即选项(B)
“It supports the author’s suggestion that Webster’s conception of tragedy is not idiosyncratic.”
11(A)
根据“modern critics’ interpretations of Webster’s tragedies would be more valid”定位原文
“The lack of consistency in Webster’s characters can be better understood if we recognize that the ambiguity at the heart of his tragic vision lies not in the external world but in the duality of human nature.”
对比细节即可正确作答
“the ambiguity inherent in Webster’s tragic vision resulted from the duality of human nature”
12(C)
根据“Elizabethan drama”定位原文
“Morality plays allegorized that conflict by presenting characters whose actions were defined as the embodiment of good or evil. This model of reality lived on
(live on: v.继续生活), overlaid by different conventions, in the most sophisticated Elizabethan works of the following age.”
选项(C)“Elizabethan drama, for the most part, can be viewed as being heavily influenced by the morality play.”最为恰当
13(E)
根据“most modern critics”定位原文
“They(modern critics) choose what seem to be the most promising of the contradictor values that are dramatized in the play, and treat those values as if they were the only basis for analyzing the moral development of the play’s major characters, attributing the inconsistencies in a character’s behavior to artistic incompetence on Webster’s part”
Modern critics在Webster作品里很难发现他们的good/evil的contradictor values,他们都是采用Elizabethan的判断去评判Webster的作品,即
“In writing his tragedies, Webster was influenced by the same sources as his contemporaries.”
14(D)
根据“Webster’s conception of tragedy”定位原文
“Yet Webster seems not to have been as heavily influenced by the morality play’s model of reality as were his Elizabethan contemporaries; he was apparently more sensitive to the more morally complicated Italian drama than to these English sources. Consequently, his characters cannot be evaluated according to reductive formulas of good and evil”
以及结合全文分析,可得
“somewhat different from the conventional Elizabethan conception of tragedy”