进军美利坚tpo阅读疑难解答帖

反衬UID: 2328867

谢谢楼主解答！！

TPO14   Pastoralism in Ancient Inner Eurasia

Paragraph 4: Nomadism also subjects pastoralist communities to strict rules of portability. If you are constantly on the move, you c ...
dom 发表于 2010-8-30 22:08

这道题已经被问到第三次了。

我把我的解答再贴一次。


这位同学，题目考的是错项哦。

Inequalities of wealth and rank certainly exist, and have probably existed in most pastoralist societies, but except in periods of military conquest, they are normally too slight to generate the stable, hereditary hierarchies that are usually implied by the use of the term class.

这句话 以but为界，前后是转折。后半句except in periods of military conquest, they are normally too slight to generate the stable, hereditary hierarchies that are usually implied by the use of the term class.

主要意思 是否定哦。关键： too slight to。所以大部分时间 inequality都是slight，除了在periods of military conquest。所以不就是B的意思咯。所以B正确，B不选。

C刚好与这句话的主要意思相反。

viiiiiienaUID: 2716640

TPO7第三篇 Agriculture, Iron, and the Bantu Peoples

14. Direction: An introductory sentence for a brief summary of the passage is provided below. Complete the summary by selecting the THREE answer choices that express the most important ideas in the passage. Some sentences do not belong in the summary because they express ideas that are not presented in the passage or are minor ideas in the passage. This question is worth 2 points.
Rag your answer choices to the spaces where they belong. To remove an answer choice, click on it.
To review passage, Click View Text

Agriculture and iron working probably spread to Africa from neighboring regions.
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Answer choices
 1. Once Africans developed their own crops; they no longer borrowed from other regions.
 2. The harshness of the African climate meant that agriculture could not develop until after the introduction of iron tools.
 3. The use of livestock improved transportation and trade and allowed for new forms of political control.
 4. As the Sahara expanded, the camel gained in importance, eventually coming to have religious significance.
 5. The spread of iron working had far-reaching effects on social, economic, and political organization in Africa.
 6. Today's Bantu-speaking peoples are descended from a technologically advanced people who spread throughout Africa.

答案选356 我觉得这篇文章题目就说有农业 铁 班图人 三部分 但是看文章后发现 有农业 骆驼 铁 班图人 四部分 选356的话 也没有 农业 啊 所以我选了1 1虽然说得不全 但是提到农业了 ~~

反衬UID: 2328867

TPO7第三篇 Agriculture, Iron, and the Bantu Peoples

14. Direction: An introductory sentence for a brief summary of the passage is provided below. Complete the summary by selecting the THREE answer  ...
viiiiiiena 发表于 2010-8-31 09:58

三个答案相加不需要涵盖全文。 只需要考察单个选项的正确性。

viiiiiienaUID: 2716640

TPO10第一篇Chinese Pottery

Just as painted designs on Greek pots may seem today to be purely decorative, 【whereas】in fact they were carefully and precisely worked out so that at the time, their meaning was clear, so it is with Chinese pots. To twentieth-century eyes, Chinese pottery may appear merely decorative, yet to the Chinese the form of each object and its adornment had meaning and significance. The dragon represented the emperor, and the phoenix, the empress; the pomegranate indicated fertility, and a pair of fish, happiness; mandarin ducks stood for wedded bliss; the pine tree, peach, and crane are emblems of long life; and fish leaping from waves indicated success in the civil service examinations. Only when European decorative themes were introduced did these meanings become obscured or even lost.

11. Paragraph 5 suggests which of the following about the decorations on Chinese pottery?
 They had more importance for aristocrats than for ordinary citizens.
 Their significance may have remained clear had the Chinese not come under foreign influence.
 They contain some of the same images that appear on Greek pots
 Their significance is now as clear to twentieth century observers as it was to the early Chinese.

为什么选第四个？文中To twentieth-century eyes, Chinese pottery may appear merely decorative, yet to the Chinese the form of each object and its adornment had meaning and significance.与第四个选项有关，这句话说20世纪的人认为是装饰，和古代的中国人的看法不一样啊~

反衬UID: 2328867

TPO10第一篇Chinese Pottery

Just as painted designs on Greek pots may seem today to be purely decorative, 【whereas】in fact they were carefully and precisely worked out so that at the time, their m ...
viiiiiiena 发表于 2010-8-31 18:06

这道题的答案很明显是第二个。第四个明显是错的

viiiiiienaUID: 2716640

425# 反衬 呃···第二个选项没太看懂 那个may和had哪个是谓语··· 谢谢！~

viiiiiienaUID: 2716640

TPO10 第二篇 Variations in the Climate

        Paragraph 1：One of the most difficult aspects of deciding whether current climatic events reveal evidence of the impact of human activities is that it is hard to get a measure of what constitutes the natural variability of the climate. We know that over the past millennia the climate has undergone major changes without any significant human intervention. We also know that the global climate system is immensely complicated and that everything is in some way connected, and so the system is capable of fluctuating in unexpected ways. We need therefore to know how much the climate can vary of its own accord in order to interpret with confidence the extent to which recent changes are natural as opposed to being the result of human activities.
       
        1. According to paragraph 1, which of the following must we find out in order to determine the impact of human activities upon climate?
        ○ The major changes in climate over the past millennia
        ○ The degree to which the climate varies naturally
        ○ The best method for measuring climatic change
        ○ The millennium when humans began to interfere with the climate

为什么选2？原文第一句话和题目对应的挺好 所以我选3啊

        Paragraph 7：In addition to the internal variability of the global climate system itself, there is the added factor of external influences, such as volcanoes and solar activity .There is a growing body of opinion that both these physical variations have a measurable impact on the climate. Thus we need to be able to include these in our deliberations. Some current analyses conclude that volcanoes and solar activity explain quite a considerable amount of the observed variability in the period from the seventeenth to the early twentieth century’s, but that they cannot be invoked to explain the rapid warming in recent decades.

        11. The word invoked in the passage is closest in meaning to
        ○ demonstrated
        ○ called upon
        ○ supported
        ○ expected

为什么选第二个？我选第四个~~

wuqian0801UID: 2637709

TPO10 第二篇 Variations in the Climate

        Paragraph 1：One of the most difficult aspects of deciding whether current climatic events reveal evidence of the impact of human activities is that it is ha ...
viiiiiiena 发表于 2010-9-1 07:41

1 C是你感觉上对应得很好。其实就是出现了measure让你觉得与原文对应了。
题目问决定性因素，那么该是what constitutes the natural variability of the climate。
要是没看出来就这么感觉下：One of the most difficult aspects of deciding +题目+ is that what constitutes the natural variability of the climate.

2 词汇题。要秒杀啊。 invoke是类似要求 祈求的意思。只有call upon了。

viiiiiienaUID: 2716640

428# wuqian0801 呃··· 恕我愚笨···
1 没太明白~~ 我觉得之所以选第二个，好像是因为原文最后一句We need therefore to know how much the climate can vary of its own accord in order to interpret with confidence the extent to which recent changes are natural as opposed to being the result of human activities. 但是为什么不是根据第一句选呢~~第一句说决定是否现在天气变化是人类活动造成的影响的证据遇到的最大问题是很难测量 题目是为了决定人类活动对气候的影响我们要做什么  最后一句的意思是神马··能翻译一下不~


2 invoke有求的感觉对吧 expect也有求的感觉嘛 call upon感觉上有点命令了呢~~

viiiiiienaUID: 2716640

TPO10第三篇         Seventeenth-Century European Economic Growth       
Paragraph 7：Bills of exchange contributed to the development of banks, as exchangers began to provide loans. Not until the eighteenth century, however, did such banks as the Bank of Amsterdam and the Bank of England begin to provide capital for business investment. Their principal function was to provide funds for the state.
       
        10. According to paragraph 7, until the eighteenth century, it was the principal function of which of the following to provide funds for the state?
        ○ Bills of exchange
        ○ Exchangers who took loans
        ○ Banks
        ○ Business investment

文章中说18世纪以后(Not until the eighteenth century)banks开始provide funds for the state，题目问18世纪以前(until the eighteenth century)谁provide funds for the state。怎么能选第三个呢~~~我理解错了？

        Paragraph 8：The rapid expansion in international trade also benefitted from an infusion of capital, stemming largely from gold and silver brought by Spanish vessels from the Americas. This capital financed the production of goods, storage, trade, and even credit across Europe and overseas. Moreover an increased credit supply was generated by investments and loans by bankers and wealthy merchants to states and by joint-stock partnerships - an English innovation (the first major company began in 1600). Unlike short-term financial cooperation between investors for a single commercial undertaking, joint-stock companies provided permanent funding of capital by drawing on the investments of merchants and other investors who purchased shares in the company.
       
       
        12. According to paragraph 8, each of the following was a source of funds used to finance economic expansion EXCEPT
        ○ groups of investors engaged in short-term
        ○ financial cooperation the state
        ○ wealthy merchants
        ○ joint-stock companies
        为什么选第二个？第二个那个the state是什么成分？short-term financial不就是cooperation吗~

还有就是这篇文章的14题选神马~~看了好几个版本，得到好几种答案···

反衬UID: 2328867

425# 反衬 呃···第二个选项没太看懂 那个may和had哪个是谓语··· 谢谢！~
viiiiiiena 发表于 2010-9-1 07:39

后半句是倒装，省略了if

viiiiiienaUID: 2716640

431# 反衬 哦~谢谢~麻烦帮忙看下我问的其他问题被~谢谢！

viiiiiienaUID: 2716640

TPO12第一篇        Which Hand Did They Use?
        Paragraph 1：We all know that many more people today are right-handed than left-handed. Can one trace this same pattern far back in prehistory? Much of the evidence about right-hand versus left-hand dominance comes from stencils and prints found in rock shelters in Australia and elsewhere, and in many Ice Age caves in France, Spain, and Tasmania. When a left hand has been stenciled, this implies that the artist was right-handed, and vice versa. Even though the paint was often sprayed on by mouth, one can assume that the dominant hand assisted in the operation. One also has to make the assumption that hands were stenciled palm downward—a left hand stenciled palm upward might of course look as if it were a right hand. Of 158 stencils in the French cave of Gargas, 136 have been identified as left, and only 22 as right; right-handedness was therefore heavily predominant.
       
        Paragraph 2：Cave art furnishes other types of evidence of this phenomenon. Most engravings, for example, are best lit from the left, as befits the work of right-handed artists, who generally prefer to have the light source on the left so that the shadow of their hand does not fall on the tip of the engraving tool or brush. In the few cases where an Ice Age figure is depicted holding something, it is mostly, though not always, in the right hand.
       
        5. All of the following are mentioned in paragraphs 1 and 2 as evidence of right-handedness in art and artists EXCEPT
        ○ the ideal source of lighting for most engravings
        ○ the fact that a left hand stenciled palm upward might look like a right hand
        ○ the prevalence of outlines of left hands
        ○ figures in prehistoric art holding objects with the right hand
为什么选2？我选3~~

hycqyUID: 2819662

433# viiiiiiena
B选项只是一个assumption
C选项对应文中 Of 158 stencils in the French cave of Gargas, 136 have been identified as left, and only 22 as right 这句话
所以EXCEPT的话就选B啦

fsi206914UID: 2684106

Early in his research, Kramer found that caged migratory birds became very restless at about the time they would normally have begun migration in the wild. Furthermore, he noticed that as they fluttered around in the cage, they often launched themselves in the direction of their normal migratory route. He then set up experiments with caged starlings and found that their orientation was. in fact, in the proper migratory direction except when the sky was overcast, at which times there was no clear direction to their restless movements. Kramer surmised, therefore, that they were orienting according to the position of the Sun. To test this idea, he blocked their view of the Sun and used mirrors to change its apparent position. He found that under these circumstances, the birds oriented with respect to the new "Sun." They seemed to be using the Sun as a compass to determine direction. At the time, this idea seemed preposterous How could a bird navigate by the Sun when some of us lose our way with road maps? Obviously, more testing was in order.


        6. According to paragraph 3, when do caged starlings become restless?
        ○ When the weather is overcast
        ○ When they are unable to identify their normal migratory route
        ○ When their normal time for migration arrives
        ○ When mirrors are used to change the apparent position of the Sun

答案是C，不解，求教