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发表于 2010-8-13 13:33:10
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TOPIC: ISSUE48 - "The study of history places too much emphasis on individuals. The most significant events and trends in history were made possible not by the famous few, but by groups of people whose identities have long been forgotten."
WORDS: 442 (改后448)
TIME: 00:45:00
DATE: 2010-8-13 12:31:59
(提纲见后,谢谢!)
It is rational for the speaker to assert that the most significant events and trends in history were made possible by groups of anonymous people rather than the famous few, yet we should not lose the sight of the fact that great individuals hold more promise for organizing, consolidating and utilizing the power of the mass. Hence, in my view, while the study of history should pay more attention to groups of people, the importance of individuals still deserves certain emphasis.
First I turn to the value of innumerable average people. In many, if not all, glorious achievements, it was the support or even sacrifice of anonymous people that ensured the success. Unfortunately, most people could not share the credit, which is always focused on the famous few. History is replete with such cases. If it were not for the sacrifice of tens of millions of people in India who wholeheartedly adhered to the principle of nonviolence and noncooperation, Mahatma Gandhi would not manage to emancipate India from British. Or, consider Martin Luther King, whose advocators formed formidable pressure to the authority and effectively enhance the campaign. Nevertheless, nowadays few among us can recall the names other than Mahatma Gandhi and Martin Luther King when referring to the feats mentioned above.
Though it is admitted that the value of groups deserves more stress, it is not to say that the study of history should underestimated the great personages. In fact, the reasons why the famous few are highlighted are not unfounded. The most conspicuous factor is their ability to sustain the leadership. Their talents, in most cases, are rare and treasurable. For example, President Roosevelt who played a crucial role in extricating our country from the Great Depression is universally lauded for his exceptional ability to reconcile competing interests and the ability to convey subtle and elusive ideas in intelligible and amicable ways, which effectively mitigated the domestic conflicts and consolidated people together. Likewise, President Washington and President Lincoln are also admitted to be key persons who reversed the history, largely due to their unique gifts and their inimitable reputation. In this sense, it is necessary and justified for the study of history to highlight the great personages who represent the elite of society.
In sum, while I admit that groups worth more emphasis and credit, I concede that the study of history ought to attach certain importance to the few great individuals. The role of great individuals and the role of groups are virtually synergetic in history. Neither part can replace the other. When the studies of individuals and of groups are combined in study of history, it will be safe for us to expect a difference.
(1)历史研究的确需要放更多注意力在大众身上。如果不是很多无名氏在下面支撑着,很多伟业不能成功,然而他们最后总是被遗忘。(Exp: Mahatma Gandhi, Martin Luther King)
(2)然而,不能因为大众需要更多的注意,就看低个人价值。伟人的伟,和他的珍贵才能分不开(其实也和他的名望分不开,可惜没时间展开了)(Roosevelt, Washington, Lincoln)
结尾:总是,大众和个人是共同作用于历史的,要结合起来研究,就会有新发展。 |
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