【一起来听写】小高~老豆角也有新梦想

还是小高UID: 2716600

听写真的会上瘾。每次听写前真是又紧张又激动。和学习小组的同学们一起学习很快乐，感谢班长感谢各位小豆角同学。
         听写很重要，做题也很重要。
         暂时把听写中存在的问题分为三大类。

         听力偏差 (常出现于介词，冠词，或者语速快处)
         压根不会的单词 （现在发现一个不会的，考试时多一个会的）
         拼写错误 （无老师名言：要把背过的每个单词像book一样熟悉）



         会不定时写学习生活笔记。不许嫌我烦啊！ here we go...

还是小高UID: 2716600

918晚 不显示颜色。。（班长，我真的有认真标注错误点的。。）  

Anatomy The brain
I’ve brought in a picture of the human brain today which we going to look at and discuss the detail. The parts of brain that we are going to talk about are clearly labelld. The brain is like our command center for all our daily functions and allows us to cope with our environment. How we communicate with words, actions, thoughts and feelings are all centered in the brain.

Some researchers believe that the brain is so complex in mysterious that we will never be able to fully understand it. Some have even referred to it as a little black box like those found on a plane that contains all the critical and highly confidential information of the flight. That being said, there are parts of the brain we do know about, like the parts listed on the diagram. And we also know their functions that each bring to make our body work.

It's the easiest to think of the brain as three connected parts. The cerebrum, brainstem and cerebellum. Let's start off with the brainstem which is found at the bottom of the brain and joins the cerebrum to the spinal cord. The brainstem has an important role because it controls lots of critical functions including respiration, regulation of the heart rhythms, basic aspects of sound localization which allows us to identify the origin of a detected sound and reflexes. As you can see on the diagram, the brain stem includes the mid-brain, the pons and the medulla. These allow functions such as the movement of eyes and mouth, passing on sensory messages, like hot, pain, loud and other functions such as hunger, consciousness, body temperature, sneezing, coughing, vomiting and swallowing.

Next we will look at the second largest part of the brain, the cerebellum. It is located at the lower back of the head and it attached to the brain stem. It is made up of two hemispheres and its functions are to control complex voluntary motor functions, such as walking, balance and posture.

The third and largest part of our brain is the cerebrum. Its associations are conscious thought, movement and sensations, such as touch, vision, hearing, judgment, reasoning, problem solving and emotions. It is made up of two halves with each half controlling the opposite side of the body. The corpus callosum connects the two halves and delivers messages between them. There are four lobes that make up the cerebrum, frontal, temporal, parietal and occipital. The Frontal is located in the front of the head and is involved in personality, characteristics and movement. The P is the middle part of the brain and helps us to identify objects and understand the spatial relationships, like where your body is compared to the objects around you. It also helps make meaning of pain and touch in the body. The O allows you to see and is locate in the back of the brain. Finally, the T assists with the memory, speech, and the sense of smell and is found in the sides of the brain.

The average weight of the adult human brain is anywhere between 1 and 1.5 kilograms. Some people say that we only use 10 percent of our brain but this is just myth. In fact we use our entire brain, that being said, we claim that most people only use a very small fraction of the cognitive potential of their brains. Different cultures have used several methods to improve their cognitive potential, such as reading, education, puzzle solving and critical thinking.

I hope this brief introduction to the brain helps you understand the brain and its different functions.


Cognitive 认识的，认知的
Cord 束缚，绳索
Localization 定位，局限
Mysterious 神秘的，难解的
Myth 神话，虚构的人
Posture 姿势
Sneezing 喷嚏
Voluntary 自愿的，自发的


Brainstem 脑干
Cerebellum 小脑
Cerebrum 大脑
corpus callosum 胼胝体
frontal 前叶
medulla 髓质，脑髓
occipital 后叶
parietal 测叶
pons 脑桥
spinal 脊髓的
temporal 颞叶



这篇是自己听写的，没有参加集体活动。貌似这篇比较简单。
有大量专业生词。前段时间笔记训练没白费，专业词汇基本不影响理解。

还是小高UID: 2716600

919早

Economics bank
The basic role of a bank is concerned with saving and loaning money. The banking system can be traced back to the earliest time of writing and has evolved into banking as it is known today.

The term bank is meant to apply to an institution that holds the proper authority to undertake banking services, usually in the form of a license issued by a supervisory board. There is also a term of non-bank, this is an institution which is the limited in financial services provides and does not fulfill the legal requirements necessary to be deemed a bank.

The word of bank comes from a German word, meaning bench, via the Italian word banca. The two related terms, bankrupt and broke, are also from Italian, bancarotta, a broken bench or a bank that is out of business. In the past in northern Italy, people lending money had a bench or table on which they ran their business and it is from this we have these words today.

Although each banking corporation has a small market share, they still remain to be some of the most profitable corporations. Take City Group as an example, it only has a five percent market share, but it has been the most profitable company in the world for the last three years. If City Group were as strong financial sector as Homedepot, Wal Mart or Starbucks are in their fields with a thirty percent market share, then it would reap greater profits than the top ten non-banking the US industries combined.

To remain profitable in a market that is always changing, banks have had to implement many different policies and procedures. To merge with the investment and insurance firms, the gram-Leach-Bliley Act was brought into action.

Bringing all three together is the answer to what people were looking for an institution where they could take care of all their financial needs, banking, investment and insurance. As one institution would be able to sell a greater variety of products, it would increase its chances in being able to earn more money.

Banks have also changed the way interests charged on loans. People who are believed to be a bigger risk pay a higher interest rate. This reduces the losses as a result of bad loans and reduces the cost of borrowing money for people who have better credit histories. It also gives people who are more of a gamble, the chance to borrow money. The ways that people can pay for goods and services have also increased from cash to debit cards, prepaid cards, smar cards and credit cards. It is now much easier to complete transactions and to purchase big ticket items overtime. The downside of this is that people run the risk of overspending and building up an insurmountable amount of debt.

Banks earn money from interest and other service charges from customers who use these cards and from companies that accept credit cards as a form of payment. The main difficulties that banks face today when trying to increase their profits include limiting regulations and competition from other financial institutions.



Sector 部门，扇形
Implement 工具，实现
Prepaid 预先付的
Downside 下侧的，下降趋势
Overspending 过度消费
Insurmountable 难以克服的


听这篇时态度不端正，所以前后断断续续的，非常影响理解。
并且，有一个句子听了好多遍都identify不出来，烦死我了，直接过掉没有写！！以后还是集体一起写比较好，毕竟考试时一个多小时听力，注意力是需要高度集中的。

还是小高UID: 2716600

920晚

Geology soil survey
Listen to part of a lecture in the geology class
Today we are going to study a life given resource called soil. Soil is our most valuable resource as it provides a means of growing food and fiber, not to mention the fact that it provides foundations for homes, malls, factories, schools, airports, roads and playgrounds.

Wow, I have no idea how important it is in our daily lives.
You are telling me.
Are there any other questions before we get start?
I have one, is all soil the same?
Excellent question.
The individual properties of soil vary quite a bit as do its resources to use it depending on the factors that contribute to developing it.
First, we need to understand what makes up different kinds of soil and what the proper use and management of the soil is.
We can do this by taking a soil survey.
A soil survey?
Yes, a professional soil scientist would examine the soil resources acre by acre on foot and will look at the soil in detail to classify it into different groups in accordance with a national soil system. Then the location of each different kind of soil is drawn on photographs taken above ground and placed on a map of the area. Each of the different types of soil is interpreted according to how it will act in response to various uses and management. Upon completion these soil maps are published by the local government and made available to interested people, such as homeowners and farmers.

What will each publication or description say about the different types of soil?
Well, the publication will contain the most recent information with aerial photos such as descriptions of all the soil map given in the given area. These descriptions include soil that is useful for both agriculture and non-agriculture purposes. As well as the data that is classified as important soils of the area and their physical, chemical and mineral logical make up.

I can see the need that farmers and homeowners have for this information because they want to know what soil would be the best to build a house or farm on. Farmers also need to know which soil will support a certain type of crop and to find out the different types of irrigation systems to set up. However, who also would find this information useful?

Good point, these surveys are extremely useful for non-agricultural purposes as well.
For example, the information gathered can be used by planners for selecting sites for new highways, airports, schools, factories, parks, cemeteries, recreational areas to name a few.
Engineers and architects will find the information useful when determining what type of soil is the best for building and developing and can help prepare plans to overcome any soil related problems by given them pertinent problem areas. Appraisers and assessors will use the information to make fair and reasonable land estimates for forest and farm land. Ecologists and environmentalists can also use the information to understand and plan the best ways for managing and conserving the soil and water resources. Even educators such as teachers and professors can use the soil information in the classroom to pass on this knowledge to the students so they have a better understanding of the soil and its management.
As you can see, soil is critical for almost everything we do and needs to be better appreciated.


property 性质，性能
accordance 一致，和谐
interpret 解释，说明，诠释
mineralogical 矿物学的
cemetery 墓地，公墓
pertinent 相关的
appraiser 鉴定人，估价者
assessor 估税员，顾问

有时候太专注于每个字，每个词，很容易会忽略整个意群的意思。
需要注意稍微宏观的关注文章。

还是小高UID: 2716600

班长。这边上传的是经过修改的。
需要上传初始稿吗？没颜色很苦闷啊。

萝卜须根多UID: 3008387

班长。这边上传的是经过修改的。
需要上传初始稿吗？没颜色很苦闷啊。
还是小高 发表于 2011-9-21 23:36

高级回复可使用颜色、加粗

还是小高UID: 2716600

A听力偏差问题
A压根不会的单词
A拼写错误



Economics bank
The basic role of bank is considered with saving and loaning money. The banking system can be traced back to the earliest time of writing and has evolved into banking as it is known today.

The term bank is meant to apply to an institution that holds the proper authority to undertake banking services. Usually in the form of a license issued by a supervise board. There was also a term of non-bank, this is the institution which is the limited in financial services it provides. And this is not fulfilled in legal requirements necessary to be deemed to bank.

The word of bank comes from a German word, meaning bench, via the Italian word bonca. The two related terms, bankrupt and broke, are also from Italian, bonkaruta, a broken bench or the bank that is out of business. In the past in northern Italy, people lending money had a bench or table on which they ran their business and it is from this that we have these words today.

Although each banking corporation has a small market share, they still remain to be some of the most profitable corporations. Take City Group as best example, it only has a five percent market share, but it has been the most profitable company in the world for the last three years. If City Group were as strong financial sector, as H, Wall Mart or Starbucks are in their fields with thirty percent market share, then it would reap greater profits than the top ten non-banking the US districts combined.

To remain profitable in a market that is always changing, banks have had to implement many different policies and procedures. To merge with the investment and insurance firms, the Gram-Leach-Bliey Act was brought into action.

Bringing all three together is the answer to what people were looking for an institution where they could take care of all their financial needs, banking, investment and insurance. As one institution would be able to sell a greater variety of products, it would increase chances in being able to earn money.

Banks have also changed the way interested in charges on loans. People who are believed to be a bigger risk pay a higher interest rate. This reduces the losses as results of bad loans and reduces the cost of borrowing money for people who have better credit histories. It also gives people who are more of a gamble, the chance to borrow money. The ways that people can pay for goods and services have also increased from cash to debit cards, prepaid cards, smar cards and credit cards. It is now much easier to complete transactions and to purchase big ticket items overtime. The downside of this is that people run the risk of overspending and building up an insurmountable amount of debt.

Banks earn money from interest and other service charges from customs who use these cards and from companies that accept credit cards as a form of payment. The main difficulties that banks face today when trying to increase their profits include limiting regulations and competition from other financial institutions.



Sector 部门，扇形
Implement 工具，实现
Prepaid 预先付的
Downside 下侧的，下降趋势
Overspending 过度消费
Insurmountable 难以克服的

自己听写的。
不好处就是自己听写可以随意暂停，多遍重复。

还是小高UID: 2716600

A听力偏差问题
A压根不会的单词
A拼写错误

Biology
Ok, I have an interesting plant species to discuss with you today. It is a species of very rare tree that grows in Australia, Eidothea hardeniana, but it's better known as the Nightcap Oak.

Now it was just discovered only very recently just a few years ago. It remained hidden for so long because it is so rare. There are only about two hundred of remain in existence. They grow in rainforest in a mountain rage in the north part of New South Wales which is a state in Australia. So just two hundred individual trees in all.

Now another interesting thing about the nc is that it represents a very old type kind of tree that grew a hundred million years ago. We found fossils that old that bear remarkable resemblance to the tree. So it's a primitive tree, a living fossil you might say. It's a relic from earlier times and it has survived all these years without all much change. It’s probably a kind of tree from which other trees that grow in Australia today evolved.

Just to give you an idea what we are talking about here is a picture of leaves of the tree and its flowers. I don't how well you call see the flowers. They’re those little clusters sitting at the bases of the leaves. Ok what have we tried to find out about the trees since we've discovered it? Why is it so rare is one of the first questions. How do they reproduce is another question. Maybe those two questions are actually related.

I don't know but I can't imagine that for instance seed dispersal may be a factor you know if seeds cannot really disperse in a wide area the tree may not colonize new areas. It can't spread from the area where it's growing. That's actually a very good answer. Of course you might think there might not be many areas where the tree could spread into because it's very specialized in terms of habitat. But that's not really the case here. The suitable habitat is the actual rainforest is much larger than the few hectares with NC grows.

Now these trees are flowering trees I showed you it produces a fruit much like a plum on the inside there is a seed with a hard shell. It appears that the shell has to crack open or break down to allow the seed to soak up water. If the NC remains… if their seeds remain locked inside the shell they will not germinate. Actually, the seeds, they don't retain the power to germinate for very long maybe two years, so this actually quite a short window of opportunity for the seed to germinate. So the shell somehow has to be broken down before this germination ability expires. And there’s a kind of rat likes to feed on the seeds as well. So, given all these limitations, not many seeds that the tree produces will actually germinate. So this is a possible explanation for why the tree dose not spread. It doesn't necessarily to explain how it became so rare but it explains way it doesn't increase.

Ok, it seems to be the case that the species this NC, it's not very good at spreading. However it seems, though we can’t be sure that it’s very good at persisting as a population. There some indications to suggest that the population of the NC has not declined over the last many hundreds of years. So it’s stayed quite stable. It's not a remnant of some huge population that has dwindled in the last few hundreds years for some reason. It is not necessarily species in retreat. So it cannot spread very well but it's good at maintaining itself. It's rare but it's not disappearing.

The next thing we might want to ask about a plan like that is what chances does it have to survive in the future. Let's look at that.


Cluster 群集
Hectare 公顷
Plum 李子
Soak 浸泡
Dispersal 名词，疏散
Colonize 将……开拓为殖民地
Germinate 发芽
Expire 呼气
Resemblance 相似点
Primitive 原始的
Relic 遗物
Remnant 残余
Dwindled 减少
Retreat 撤退

飒飒11UID: 3171458

7# 还是小高 嘿嘿，你可以设置个固定遍数~然后，强迫自己只能听那么多遍~就好了~
别随意停，给自己设定一个标准~
嘿嘿，我也在补日志啊~

还是小高UID: 2716600

A听力偏差问题
A压根不会的单词
A拼写错误


Excellent, you are really with it today. Now, who can tell me about suspension bridges? Or is this question over your heads?

I think I can answer that. According to some books I have ever read about suspension bridges, the road deck is hanging from cables that are strung across the river like the Avon Gorge in the picture. What makes a suspension bridge unique? It's that there is no supporting in the center and road deck hangs blow the supports rather than resting upon them like other bridges.

Excellent, let me fill you in on some other details. Some of the oldest bridges used ropes instead of cables that were loosely thrown across a gorge or river. This only allowed for people to hang as they crawled across. Soon after, wooden footways were added between the ropes. Unfortunately, these bridges were not convenient or safe for taking donkeys or carts across because of the swinging of the ropes and the loads were just too heavy for the bridge to bear. These suspension bridges that we use today like the one in the picture were first developed way back in the early eighteen hundreds. Civil engineers such as t and b, thought of the idea of using towers to lift up the cables and using a frame to support and stiffen
the bridge called a truss. The towers allowed the bridge to stay perfectly flat which would give horses and carriages means to cross. In a nutshell, B designed the first none moving bridge. Today the design of the suspension bridge is just the same but we use steel cables instead of iron links like those found on a bicycle chain. In fact, B's famous bridge still has the iron chain links.

How do suspension bridges hold the heavy weight of cars and trucks? In the past the only used horses and carriages so the bridges didn't carry as much weight as they do now.

Good point, all modern bridges that you see today use huge steel cables to hold the roadway. These cables are hung over two towers and help by concrete blocks at both ends of the bridge. Vehicles such as cars and trucks push down on the roadway and because the roadway is held up by hangers from the steel cables, they can transfer all the weight onto the two towers. This means that the two towers are always compressed which allows them to transfer the forces to the ground or the concrete blocks where they absorb the tension from the steel cables. Steel is the preferred material used in long suspension bridges because it can handle extremely heavy weight. Steel is stronger than the iron and it also light in weight. A famous example can be seen in the Brooklyn bridge in New York, USA.

Are there any problems with the suspension bridge?

I'm glad you ask me that question. There have been a couple of disasters in regard to these suspension bridges. If the engineers design a bridge that is too light or too flexible the bridges would be not strong enough. They will begin to move and rock back and forth even in light winds, and would eventually collapse into the gorge or river blow.

Suspension bridge 吊桥
Deck 平台
Cart 二轮马车
Gorge 峡谷
Strung—string 绳捆扎
Footway 人行道
Stiffen 使变硬
Swing 摇摆
Carriage 四轮马车
Nutshell 坚果的外壳，小东西
Hung 挂起
Hanger 吊架
Vehicle 交通工具
Concrete 混凝土的
Rock 摇摆，震动
Collapse 倒塌




我的各种冠词都听不出来！
要嘛是把a听成the，要嘛是压根谁都听不出来！！

还是小高UID: 2716600

电脑里还有一些积压听写产品。。。这样一听一对答案最少耗费半天时间。。。
回头慢慢对好答案发上来！！
最近又在学习小组里把口语练起来了。。。要了我的老命诶！

koviUID: 3154928

求小组qq.T T.

还是小高UID: 2716600

Environmental science
Okay, so we’ve been talking about the theories that deal with the effects of human activity on the climate. But today I'd like to talk a little bit about other theories that can explain the variations of climate.

And one of the best known is called the M hypothesis.

Now what's the M hypothesis is about? It's the variations in earth movements, specifically in its orbit around the sun, these variations lead to the difference in the amount of solar energy that reaches earth.

And it’s these differences in the amount of energy that’s reaching Earth from the sun, it is what causes variation of the climate.
Okay, a lot of people think of the earth orbit around the sun would be a perfectly circular as smooth and regular, as, said the way hands move on a well-made watch.
But, just doesn't work that way.

You’re probably aware that the earth orbit around the sun is not the shape like a perfect circle. It's more or an oval, it's elliptical.
But the shape of this orbit isn't consistent; it varies over time over a period of about a hundred thousand years. Sometimes it's a little more circular sometimes it's more elliptical, and when the earth orbit is more elliptical earth is actually closer to the sun during part a year which makes the earth, and in particular, the northern hemisphere warmer. And why's that important. Because most of the plant’s glaciers are in the northern hemisphere and if it gets to warm then glaciers will stop forming. And we already talked about how that affects the earth overall temperature.

The second movement involved hypothesis has to do with axial Tilt, the T of earth’s axis, that imaginary pole that runs through the center of the earth. Depending on the angle it tilts at, the seasons can be more or less severe. It makes winters cooler and summers warmer, or what some might say is doing now, it makes summers less hot and, more importantly, the winters less cold, which just like I mentioned before can also stop prevent glaciers from forming or cause them to melt.

There is a third movement the hypothesis called P. P basically is the changing in the direction of the earth’s axis of rotation. It will take me a million years to explain even just the basics of this movement as B is quite complex. And every detail is away beyond our scope.

What's important for you to understand is that these three movements, well they are cyclical and they work together to form to produce complex but regular variations in the earth climate and lead to the growth or the decline of glaciers. Now when M first proposed this theory in the 1920s many of the colleagues were skeptical.

M didn’t have any proof. Actually there wouldn’t be any evidence hypothesis until the 1970 when were oceanographers were able to drill deep into the seafloor and collect samples which were when analyzed by geologists. And from these samples they were able to put together a history of ocean temperatures going back hundreds of thousands of years. And this showed that Earth's climate had changed pretty much the way M's hypothesis suggested it would. So this evidence was pretty strong support for the M hypothesis and by the 1980s most people accepted this theory.
However in the late 1980s, some scientists were exploring Devil's Hole, which is basically an extensive water-filled cave, far from the ocean in Nevada, in the western United States.
Over millions of years, ground water left deposits of a mineral called calcite on the rock within Devil's Hole.
And by studying these calcite deposits, we could determine the climate conditions, the temperatures over the last half million years. Well, during the 1970s, so basically the question was: were the ages of one or both of the samples wrong?
Or were scientists misunderstanding the significance of the evidence?

Well, in the 1990s a new study was down on two samples and the ocean floor samples were found to be correct as were the samples from Devil’ Hole. And now it’s generally believed that the samples from hole correspond variations in local climate in the western US where other than global climate changes.

Oval 卵形的
Elliptical=elliptic 椭圆的
Axial 轴的
Tilt 使倾斜
Imaginary 想象中的
Skeptical 怀疑的
Oceanographer 海洋学者





1 in&any n&and听上去很像
2 不认识的专有名词，但是要记住其发音，后面文章都要identify出来
3 听写对文本过程中，虽然很麻烦，但是最大最开心的收获就是找到自己的易错词！！我都认真的记到小本本上了！改起来！！

还是小高UID: 2716600

听写小组吗？是142434836 12# kovi

还是小高UID: 2716600

Now we will begin part C with the first talk.
Geology class
Now you have been reading articles about the tremendous damage done to life and property by earthquakes. That's why seismologists have been working so hard to develop methods of the earthquake prediction. We can now predict the earthquakes fairly well but the predictions only locate the potential areas of danger. They don’t all predict the specific time and location at which an earthquake is likely to occur. Today I want to introduce to you three prediction models that have been developed.

The first prediction model looks along earthquake faults. Those cracks in the earth crust to find what are known as seismic gap. Seismic gaps are places where the fault has shown little or no seismic activity for a long time. This theory postulates that such places are due for a major shock.

The second model relies on phenomena like ground using long cylindrical tubes containing water, observers noted that ground tilt tended to occur before major earthquakes. That led them to correctly predict the big HC quake of 1975. The first successful earthquake prediction scientists have ever made. A million people were evacuated from that Chinese city before the earthquake struck. Unfortunately the method hasn't worked consistently. So we can't say it's been perfectly.

The third model is based on the theory that major earthquakes closely follow a series of minor ones. Starting with the measurements and timing of a smeller quakes, a complex formula calculates the times of increased probability of a much larger quake, right now, this method like the first method, cannot predict specific times and places. But that may change as it is further developed. For the moment, none of these models can predict with reasonable levels of confidence.

Seismologist 地震学家
Postulate 假设
Seismic 地震的
Phenomena phenomenon 现象
Cylindrical 圆柱
Tilt 使倾斜
Evacuate 撤离
Minor 较小的
Measurement 测量法
Formula 公式




听写了一篇老托。虽然挺短。但是思路很顺啊。。。
听力时跟着内容想，不会走神，同时更容易听懂内容。
这些单词全都是背过的，发扬我一贯的臭毛病，认识会拼就是不会读音！！
今天又发现一个 我听不出来and和of。